# American Institute of Mathematical Sciences

May  2014, 8(2): 209-222. doi: 10.3934/amc.2014.8.209

## A Fourier transform approach for improving the Levenshtein's lower bound on aperiodic correlation of binary sequences

 1 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada

Received  August 2013 Revised  January 2014 Published  May 2014

A binary sequence family ${\mathcal S}$ of length $n$ and size $M$ can be characterized by the maximum magnitude of its nontrivial aperiodic correlation, denoted as $\theta_{\max} ({\mathcal S})$. The lower bound on $\theta_{\max} ({\mathcal S})$ was originally presented by Welch, and improved later by Levenshtein. In this paper, a Fourier transform approach is introduced in an attempt to improve the Levenshtein's lower bound. Through the approach, a new expression of the Levenshtein bound is developed. Along with numerical supports, it is found that $\theta_{\max} ^2 ({\mathcal S}) > 0.3584 n-0.0810$ for $M=3$ and $n \ge 4$, and $\theta_{\max} ^2 ({\mathcal S}) > 0.4401 n-0.1053$ for $M=4$ and $n \ge 4$, respectively, which are tighter than the original Welch and Levenshtein bounds.
Citation: Nam Yul Yu. A Fourier transform approach for improving the Levenshtein's lower bound on aperiodic correlation of binary sequences. Advances in Mathematics of Communications, 2014, 8 (2) : 209-222. doi: 10.3934/amc.2014.8.209
##### References:

show all references

##### References:
 [1] Xing Liu, Daiyuan Peng. Sets of frequency hopping sequences under aperiodic Hamming correlation: Upper bound and optimal constructions. Advances in Mathematics of Communications, 2014, 8 (3) : 359-373. doi: 10.3934/amc.2014.8.359 [2] Gaojun Luo, Xiwang Cao. Two classes of near-optimal codebooks with respect to the Welch bound. Advances in Mathematics of Communications, 2021, 15 (2) : 279-289. doi: 10.3934/amc.2020066 [3] Xing Liu, Daiyuan Peng. Frequency hopping sequences with optimal aperiodic Hamming correlation by interleaving techniques. Advances in Mathematics of Communications, 2017, 11 (1) : 151-159. doi: 10.3934/amc.2017009 [4] Aixian Zhang, Zhengchun Zhou, Keqin Feng. A lower bound on the average Hamming correlation of frequency-hopping sequence sets. Advances in Mathematics of Communications, 2015, 9 (1) : 55-62. doi: 10.3934/amc.2015.9.55 [5] Yael Ben-Haim, Simon Litsyn. A new upper bound on the rate of non-binary codes. Advances in Mathematics of Communications, 2007, 1 (1) : 83-92. doi: 10.3934/amc.2007.1.83 [6] Mariusz Lemańczyk, Clemens Müllner. Automatic sequences are orthogonal to aperiodic multiplicative functions. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems, 2020, 40 (12) : 6877-6918. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2020260 [7] Nian Li, Xiaohu Tang, Tor Helleseth. A class of quaternary sequences with low correlation. Advances in Mathematics of Communications, 2015, 9 (2) : 199-210. doi: 10.3934/amc.2015.9.199 [8] Mikko Kaasalainen. Dynamical tomography of gravitationally bound systems. Inverse Problems & Imaging, 2008, 2 (4) : 527-546. doi: 10.3934/ipi.2008.2.527 [9] Hua Liang, Jinquan Luo, Yuansheng Tang. On cross-correlation of a binary $m$-sequence of period $2^{2k}-1$ and its decimated sequences by $(2^{lk}+1)/(2^l+1)$. Advances in Mathematics of Communications, 2017, 11 (4) : 693-703. doi: 10.3934/amc.2017050 [10] Yu Zheng, Li Peng, Teturo Kamae. Characterization of noncorrelated pattern sequences and correlation dimensions. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems, 2018, 38 (10) : 5085-5103. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2018223 [11] Z.G. Feng, K.L. Teo, Y. Zhao. Branch and bound method for sensor scheduling in discrete time. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2005, 1 (4) : 499-512. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2005.1.499 [12] Marcin Dumnicki, Łucja Farnik, Halszka Tutaj-Gasińska. Asymptotic Hilbert polynomial and a bound for Waldschmidt constants. Electronic Research Announcements, 2016, 23: 8-18. doi: 10.3934/era.2016.23.002 [13] Miklós Horváth, Márton Kiss. A bound for ratios of eigenvalues of Schrodinger operators on the real line. Conference Publications, 2005, 2005 (Special) : 403-409. doi: 10.3934/proc.2005.2005.403 [14] Roland D. Barrolleta, Emilio Suárez-Canedo, Leo Storme, Peter Vandendriessche. On primitive constant dimension codes and a geometrical sunflower bound. Advances in Mathematics of Communications, 2017, 11 (4) : 757-765. doi: 10.3934/amc.2017055 [15] John Fogarty. On Noether's bound for polynomial invariants of a finite group. Electronic Research Announcements, 2001, 7: 5-7. [16] Srimanta Bhattacharya, Sushmita Ruj, Bimal Roy. Combinatorial batch codes: A lower bound and optimal constructions. Advances in Mathematics of Communications, 2012, 6 (2) : 165-174. doi: 10.3934/amc.2012.6.165 [17] Carmen Cortázar, Marta García-Huidobro, Pilar Herreros. On the uniqueness of bound state solutions of a semilinear equation with weights. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems, 2019, 39 (11) : 6761-6784. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2019294 [18] Xiaoni Du, Chenhuang Wu, Wanyin Wei. An extension of binary threshold sequences from Fermat quotients. Advances in Mathematics of Communications, 2016, 10 (4) : 743-752. doi: 10.3934/amc.2016038 [19] Ferruh Özbudak, Eda Tekin. Correlation distribution of a sequence family generalizing some sequences of Trachtenberg. Advances in Mathematics of Communications, 2020  doi: 10.3934/amc.2020087 [20] Wei-Wen Hu. Integer-valued Alexis sequences with large zero correlation zone. Advances in Mathematics of Communications, 2017, 11 (3) : 445-452. doi: 10.3934/amc.2017037

2019 Impact Factor: 0.734