Ironwood meta key agreement and authentication protocol

Iris Anshel; Derek Atkins; Dorian Goldfeld; Paul E. Gunnells

doi:10.3934/amc.2020073

Article Contents

2021, Volume 15, Issue 3: 397-413. Doi: 10.3934/amc.2020073 open access

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Ironwood meta key agreement and authentication protocol

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Received: September 2019

Early access: April 2020

Published: August 2021

Abstract / Introduction Full Text(HTML) Figure(2) / Table(2) Related Papers Cited by

Abstract

Number theoretic public-key solutions, currently used in many applications worldwide, will be subject to various quantum attacks, making them less attractive for longer-term use. Certain group theoretic constructs are now showing promise in providing quantum-resistant cryptographic primitives, and may provide suitable alternatives for those looking to address known quantum attacks. In this paper, we introduce a new protocol called a Meta Key Agreement and Authentication Protocol (MKAAP) that has some characteristics of a public-key solution and some of a shared-key solution. Specifically, it has the deployment benefits of a public-key system, allowing two entities that have never met before to authenticate without requiring real-time access to a third-party, but does require secure provisioning of key material from a trusted key distribution system (similar to a symmetric system) prior to deployment. We then describe a specific MKAAP instance, the Ironwood MKAAP, discuss its security, and show how it resists certain quantum attacks such as Shor's algorithm or Grover's quantum search algorithm. We also show Ironwood implemented on several "internet of things" (IoT devices), measure its performance, and show how it performs significantly better than ECC using fewer device resources.

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Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary: 94A60, 20F36, 68P25; Secondary: 81P94, 20G40, 20E36.

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Figure 1. Ironwood Data Flows

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Figure 2. Ironwood Protocol Flow

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Table 1. Performance on MSP430, LPC1768 (in Cycles)

Artin Length		MSP430	LPC1768
$ \|\beta\| $	$ \|\beta'\| $
2626	5272	6002668	2026216
2332	3580	4532480	1538472
2414	3944	4862464	1648742
3172	4266	5661952	1914009
2168	4514	5101824	1728545
3092	4698	5922048	2000312
2978	3968	5297664	1792959
2744	4420	5459456	1845502
2430	4762	5479424	1854446
2636	3600	4771840	1617670
2659.2	4302.4	5309182	1796687

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Table 2. Performance on MSP430, LPC1768, CC2650 (in ms)

Artin Length		MSP430	LPC1768	CC2650 48Mhz
$ \|\beta\| $	$ \|\beta'\| $	25MHz	48MHz	(SST 5)	(SST 2)
2626	5272	240.1	42.2	42	42
2332	3580	181.3	32.2	32	32
2414	3944	194.5	34.3	34	35
3172	4266	226.5	39.9	40	40
2168	4514	204.1	36.0	36	36
3092	4698	236.9	41.2	42	42
2978	3968	211.9	37.4	37	37
2744	4420	218.4	38.4	38	39
2430	4762	219.2	38.6	39	39
2636	3600	190.9	33.7	34	34
2659.2	4302.4	212.4	37.4	37.4	37.6

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