# American Institute of Mathematical Sciences

September  2015, 14(5): 1603-1621. doi: 10.3934/cpaa.2015.14.1603

## Some new regularity results of pullback attractors for 2D Navier-Stokes equations with delays

 1 Departamento de Ecuaciones Diferenciales y Análisis Numérico, Universidad de Sevilla, Apdo. de Correos 1160, 41080-Sevilla 2 Dpto. Ecuaciones Diferenciales y Análisis Numérico, Universidad de Sevilla, Apdo. de Correos 1160, 41080-Sevilla

Received  April 2012 Revised  July 2012 Published  June 2015

In this paper we strengthen some results on the existence and properties of pullback attractors for a 2D Navier-Stokes model with finite delay formulated in [Caraballo and Real, J. Differential Equations 205 (2004), 271--297]. Actually, we prove that under suitable assumptions, pullback attractors not only of fixed bounded sets but also of a set of tempered universes do exist. Moreover, thanks to regularity results, the attraction from different phase spaces also happens in $C([-h,0];V)$. Finally, from comparison results of attractors, and under an additional hypothesis, we establish that all these families of attractors are in fact the same object.
Citation: Julia García-Luengo, Pedro Marín-Rubio, José Real. Some new regularity results of pullback attractors for 2D Navier-Stokes equations with delays. Communications on Pure & Applied Analysis, 2015, 14 (5) : 1603-1621. doi: 10.3934/cpaa.2015.14.1603
##### References:
 [1] T. Caraballo, G. Łukaszewicz and J. Real, Pullback attractors for asymptotically compact non-autonomous dynamical systems, Nonlinear Anal., 64 (2006), 484-498. doi: 10.1016/j.na.2005.03.111.  Google Scholar [2] T. Caraballo, G. Łukaszewicz and J. Real, Pullback attractors for non-autonomous 2D-Navier-Stokes equations in some unbounded domains, C. R. Math. Acad. Sci. Paris, 342 (2006), 263-268. doi: 10.1016/j.crma.2005.12.015.  Google Scholar [3] T. Caraballo and J. Real, Navier-Stokes equations with delays, R. Soc. Lond. Proc. Ser. A Math. Phys. Eng. Sci., 457 (2001), 2441-2453. doi: 10.1098/rspa.2001.0807.  Google Scholar [4] T. Caraballo and J. Real, Asymptotic behaviour of two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations with delays, R. Soc. Lond. Proc. Ser. A Math. Phys. Eng. Sci., 459 (2003), 3181-3194. doi: 10.1098/rspa.2003.1166.  Google Scholar [5] T. Caraballo and J. Real, Attractors for 2D-Navier-Stokes models with delays, J. Differential Equations, 205 (2004), 271-297. doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2004.04.012.  Google Scholar [6] L. Cattabriga, Su un problema al contorno relativo al sistema di equazioni di Stokes, Rend. Sem. Mat. Univ. Padova, 31 (1961), 308-340.  Google Scholar [7] J. García-Luengo, P. Marín-Rubio and J. Real, $H^2$-boundedness of the pullback attractors for non-autonomous 2D Navier-Stokes equations in bounded domains, Nonlinear Anal., 74 (2011), 4882-4887. doi: 10.1016/j.na.2011.04.063.  Google Scholar [8] J. García-Luengo, P. Marín-Rubio and J. Real, Pullback attractors in $V$ for non-autonomous 2D-Navier-Stokes equations and their tempered behaviour, J. Differential Equations, 252 (2012), 4333-4356. doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2012.01.010.  Google Scholar [9] J. García-Luengo, P. Marín-Rubio and J. Real, Pullback attractors for 2D Navier-Stokes equations with delays and their regularity, Adv. Nonlinear Stud., 13 (2013), 331-357.  Google Scholar [10] M. J. Garrido-Atienza and P. Marín-Rubio, Navier-Stokes equations with delays on unbounded domains, Nonlinear Anal., 64 (2006), 1100-1118. doi: 10.1016/j.na.2005.05.057.  Google Scholar [11] S. M. Guzzo and G. Planas, On a class of three dimensional Navier-Stokes equations with bounded delay, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. Ser. B, 16 (2011), 225-238. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2011.16.225.  Google Scholar [12] J. L. Lions, Quelques Méthodes de Résolution des Problèmes aux Limites Non Linéaires, Dunod, 1969.  Google Scholar [13] A. Z. Manitius, Feedback controllers for a wind tunnel model involving a delay: analytical design and numerical simulation, IEEE Trans. Automat. Control, 29 (1984), 1058-1068. doi: 10.1109/TAC.1984.1103436.  Google Scholar [14] P. Marín-Rubio, A. M. Márquez-Durán and J. Real, Three dimensional system of globally modified Navier-Stokes equations with infinite delays, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. Ser. B, 14 (2010), 655-673. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2010.14.655.  Google Scholar [15] P. Marín-Rubio, A. M. Márquez-Durán and J. Real, On the convergence of solutions of globally modified Navier-Stokes equations with delays to solutions of Navier-Stokes equations with delays, Adv. Nonlinear Stud., 11 (2011), 917-927.  Google Scholar [16] P. Marín-Rubio, A. M. Márquez-Durán and J. Real, Pullback attractors for globally modified Navier-Stokes equations with infinite delays, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst., 31 (2011), 779-796. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2011.31.779.  Google Scholar [17] P. Marín-Rubio and J. Real, Attractors for 2D-Navier-Stokes equations with delays on some unbounded domains, Nonlinear Anal., 67 (2007), 2784-2799. doi: 10.1016/j.na.2006.09.035.  Google Scholar [18] P. Marín-Rubio and J. Real, On the relation between two different concepts of pullback attractors for non-autonomous dynamical systems, Nonlinear Anal., 71 (2009), 3956-3963. doi: 10.1016/j.na.2009.02.065.  Google Scholar [19] P. Marín-Rubio and J. Real, Pullback attractors for 2D-Navier-Stokes equations with delays in continuous and sub-linear operators, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst., 26 (2010), 989-1006. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2010.26.989.  Google Scholar [20] P. Marín-Rubio, J. Real and J. Valero, Pullback attractors for a two-dimensional Navier-Stokes model in an infinite delay case, Nonlinear Anal., 74 (2011), 2012-2030. doi: 10.1016/j.na.2010.11.008.  Google Scholar [21] G. Planas and E. Hernández, Asymptotic behaviour of two-dimensional time-delayed Navier-Stokes equations, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst., 21 (2008), 1245-1258. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2008.21.1245.  Google Scholar [22] J. C. Robinson, Infinite-Dimensional Dynamical Systems, Cambridge University Press, 2001. doi: 10.1007/978-94-010-0732-0.  Google Scholar [23] R. Rosa, The global attractor for the 2D Navier-Stokes flow on some unbounded domains, Nonlinear Anal., 32 (1998), 71-85. doi: 10.1016/S0362-546X(97)00453-7.  Google Scholar [24] R. Temam, Infinite-Dimensional Dynamical Systems in Mechanics and Physics, Springer, New York, 1988. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4684-0313-8.  Google Scholar [25] R. Temam, Navier-Stokes equations, Theory and Numerical Analysis, 2nd. ed., North Holland, Amsterdam, 1979.  Google Scholar

show all references

##### References:
 [1] T. Caraballo, G. Łukaszewicz and J. Real, Pullback attractors for asymptotically compact non-autonomous dynamical systems, Nonlinear Anal., 64 (2006), 484-498. doi: 10.1016/j.na.2005.03.111.  Google Scholar [2] T. Caraballo, G. Łukaszewicz and J. Real, Pullback attractors for non-autonomous 2D-Navier-Stokes equations in some unbounded domains, C. R. Math. Acad. Sci. Paris, 342 (2006), 263-268. doi: 10.1016/j.crma.2005.12.015.  Google Scholar [3] T. Caraballo and J. Real, Navier-Stokes equations with delays, R. Soc. Lond. Proc. Ser. A Math. Phys. Eng. Sci., 457 (2001), 2441-2453. doi: 10.1098/rspa.2001.0807.  Google Scholar [4] T. Caraballo and J. Real, Asymptotic behaviour of two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations with delays, R. Soc. Lond. Proc. Ser. A Math. Phys. Eng. Sci., 459 (2003), 3181-3194. doi: 10.1098/rspa.2003.1166.  Google Scholar [5] T. Caraballo and J. Real, Attractors for 2D-Navier-Stokes models with delays, J. Differential Equations, 205 (2004), 271-297. doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2004.04.012.  Google Scholar [6] L. Cattabriga, Su un problema al contorno relativo al sistema di equazioni di Stokes, Rend. Sem. Mat. Univ. Padova, 31 (1961), 308-340.  Google Scholar [7] J. García-Luengo, P. Marín-Rubio and J. Real, $H^2$-boundedness of the pullback attractors for non-autonomous 2D Navier-Stokes equations in bounded domains, Nonlinear Anal., 74 (2011), 4882-4887. doi: 10.1016/j.na.2011.04.063.  Google Scholar [8] J. García-Luengo, P. Marín-Rubio and J. Real, Pullback attractors in $V$ for non-autonomous 2D-Navier-Stokes equations and their tempered behaviour, J. Differential Equations, 252 (2012), 4333-4356. doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2012.01.010.  Google Scholar [9] J. García-Luengo, P. Marín-Rubio and J. Real, Pullback attractors for 2D Navier-Stokes equations with delays and their regularity, Adv. Nonlinear Stud., 13 (2013), 331-357.  Google Scholar [10] M. J. Garrido-Atienza and P. Marín-Rubio, Navier-Stokes equations with delays on unbounded domains, Nonlinear Anal., 64 (2006), 1100-1118. doi: 10.1016/j.na.2005.05.057.  Google Scholar [11] S. M. Guzzo and G. Planas, On a class of three dimensional Navier-Stokes equations with bounded delay, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. Ser. B, 16 (2011), 225-238. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2011.16.225.  Google Scholar [12] J. L. Lions, Quelques Méthodes de Résolution des Problèmes aux Limites Non Linéaires, Dunod, 1969.  Google Scholar [13] A. Z. Manitius, Feedback controllers for a wind tunnel model involving a delay: analytical design and numerical simulation, IEEE Trans. Automat. Control, 29 (1984), 1058-1068. doi: 10.1109/TAC.1984.1103436.  Google Scholar [14] P. Marín-Rubio, A. M. Márquez-Durán and J. Real, Three dimensional system of globally modified Navier-Stokes equations with infinite delays, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. Ser. B, 14 (2010), 655-673. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2010.14.655.  Google Scholar [15] P. Marín-Rubio, A. M. Márquez-Durán and J. Real, On the convergence of solutions of globally modified Navier-Stokes equations with delays to solutions of Navier-Stokes equations with delays, Adv. Nonlinear Stud., 11 (2011), 917-927.  Google Scholar [16] P. Marín-Rubio, A. M. Márquez-Durán and J. Real, Pullback attractors for globally modified Navier-Stokes equations with infinite delays, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst., 31 (2011), 779-796. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2011.31.779.  Google Scholar [17] P. Marín-Rubio and J. Real, Attractors for 2D-Navier-Stokes equations with delays on some unbounded domains, Nonlinear Anal., 67 (2007), 2784-2799. doi: 10.1016/j.na.2006.09.035.  Google Scholar [18] P. Marín-Rubio and J. Real, On the relation between two different concepts of pullback attractors for non-autonomous dynamical systems, Nonlinear Anal., 71 (2009), 3956-3963. doi: 10.1016/j.na.2009.02.065.  Google Scholar [19] P. Marín-Rubio and J. Real, Pullback attractors for 2D-Navier-Stokes equations with delays in continuous and sub-linear operators, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst., 26 (2010), 989-1006. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2010.26.989.  Google Scholar [20] P. Marín-Rubio, J. Real and J. Valero, Pullback attractors for a two-dimensional Navier-Stokes model in an infinite delay case, Nonlinear Anal., 74 (2011), 2012-2030. doi: 10.1016/j.na.2010.11.008.  Google Scholar [21] G. Planas and E. Hernández, Asymptotic behaviour of two-dimensional time-delayed Navier-Stokes equations, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst., 21 (2008), 1245-1258. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2008.21.1245.  Google Scholar [22] J. C. Robinson, Infinite-Dimensional Dynamical Systems, Cambridge University Press, 2001. doi: 10.1007/978-94-010-0732-0.  Google Scholar [23] R. Rosa, The global attractor for the 2D Navier-Stokes flow on some unbounded domains, Nonlinear Anal., 32 (1998), 71-85. doi: 10.1016/S0362-546X(97)00453-7.  Google Scholar [24] R. Temam, Infinite-Dimensional Dynamical Systems in Mechanics and Physics, Springer, New York, 1988. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4684-0313-8.  Google Scholar [25] R. Temam, Navier-Stokes equations, Theory and Numerical Analysis, 2nd. ed., North Holland, Amsterdam, 1979.  Google Scholar
 [1] Julia García-Luengo, Pedro Marín-Rubio, José Real. Regularity of pullback attractors and attraction in $H^1$ in arbitrarily large finite intervals for 2D Navier-Stokes equations with infinite delay. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems, 2014, 34 (1) : 181-201. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2014.34.181 [2] Julia García-Luengo, Pedro Marín-Rubio, José Real, James C. Robinson. Pullback attractors for the non-autonomous 2D Navier--Stokes equations for minimally regular forcing. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems, 2014, 34 (1) : 203-227. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2014.34.203 [3] Julia García-Luengo, Pedro Marín-Rubio. Pullback attractors for 2D Navier–Stokes equations with delays and the flattening property. Communications on Pure & Applied Analysis, 2020, 19 (4) : 2127-2146. doi: 10.3934/cpaa.2020094 [4] Grzegorz Łukaszewicz. Pullback attractors and statistical solutions for 2-D Navier-Stokes equations. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2008, 9 (3&4, May) : 643-659. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2008.9.643 [5] Songsong Lu, Hongqing Wu, Chengkui Zhong. Attractors for nonautonomous 2d Navier-Stokes equations with normal external forces. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems, 2005, 13 (3) : 701-719. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2005.13.701 [6] Leanne Dong. Random attractors for stochastic Navier-Stokes equation on a 2D rotating sphere with stable Lévy noise. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2021, 26 (10) : 5421-5448. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2020352 [7] Yutaka Tsuzuki. Solvability of $p$-Laplacian parabolic logistic equations with constraints coupled with Navier-Stokes equations in 2D domains. Evolution Equations & Control Theory, 2014, 3 (1) : 191-206. doi: 10.3934/eect.2014.3.191 [8] Pedro Marín-Rubio, José Real. Pullback attractors for 2D-Navier-Stokes equations with delays in continuous and sub-linear operators. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems, 2010, 26 (3) : 989-1006. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2010.26.989 [9] Igor Kukavica. Interior gradient bounds for the 2D Navier-Stokes system. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems, 2001, 7 (4) : 873-882. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2001.7.873 [10] Pedro Marín-Rubio, Antonio M. Márquez-Durán, José Real. Pullback attractors for globally modified Navier-Stokes equations with infinite delays. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems, 2011, 31 (3) : 779-796. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2011.31.779 [11] J. Huang, Marius Paicu. Decay estimates of global solution to 2D incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with variable viscosity. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems, 2014, 34 (11) : 4647-4669. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2014.34.4647 [12] Hakima Bessaih, Benedetta Ferrario. Statistical properties of stochastic 2D Navier-Stokes equations from linear models. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2016, 21 (9) : 2927-2947. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2016080 [13] Ruihong Ji, Yongfu Wang. Mass concentration phenomenon to the 2D Cauchy problem of the compressible Navier-Stokes equations. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems, 2019, 39 (2) : 1117-1133. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2019047 [14] Xin-Guang Yang, Rong-Nian Wang, Xingjie Yan, Alain Miranville. Dynamics of the 2D Navier-Stokes equations with sublinear operators in Lipschitz-like domains. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems, 2021, 41 (7) : 3343-3366. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2020408 [15] Matthew Gardner, Adam Larios, Leo G. Rebholz, Duygu Vargun, Camille Zerfas. Continuous data assimilation applied to a velocity-vorticity formulation of the 2D Navier-Stokes equations. Electronic Research Archive, 2021, 29 (3) : 2223-2247. doi: 10.3934/era.2020113 [16] Hongyong Cui, Mirelson M. Freitas, José A. Langa. Squeezing and finite dimensionality of cocycle attractors for 2D stochastic Navier-Stokes equation with non-autonomous forcing. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2018, 23 (3) : 1297-1324. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2018152 [17] Wenlong Sun. The boundedness and upper semicontinuity of the pullback attractors for a 2D micropolar fluid flows with delay. Electronic Research Archive, 2020, 28 (3) : 1343-1356. doi: 10.3934/era.2020071 [18] Adam Larios, Yuan Pei. Approximate continuous data assimilation of the 2D Navier-Stokes equations via the Voigt-regularization with observable data. Evolution Equations & Control Theory, 2020, 9 (3) : 733-751. doi: 10.3934/eect.2020031 [19] Huaiqiang Yu, Bin Liu. Pontryagin's principle for local solutions of optimal control governed by the 2D Navier-Stokes equations with mixed control-state constraints. Mathematical Control & Related Fields, 2012, 2 (1) : 61-80. doi: 10.3934/mcrf.2012.2.61 [20] Shuguang Shao, Shu Wang, Wen-Qing Xu, Bin Han. Global existence for the 2D Navier-Stokes flow in the exterior of a moving or rotating obstacle. Kinetic & Related Models, 2016, 9 (4) : 767-776. doi: 10.3934/krm.2016015

2020 Impact Factor: 1.916