# American Institute of Mathematical Sciences

May  2019, 18(3): 1359-1374. doi: 10.3934/cpaa.2019066

## A remark on local well-posedness for nonlinear Schrödinger equations with power nonlinearity-an alternative approach

 Department of Mathematics, Shimane University, Matsue 690-8504, Japan

Received  June 2018 Revised  August 2018 Published  November 2018

Fund Project: Supported in part by JSPS, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) #25400176.

We study the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS)
 $\partial_t u +i \Delta u = i\lambda |u|^{p-1} u$
in
 $\mathit{\boldsymbol{R}}^{1+n}$
, where
 $n\ge 3$
,
 $p>1$
, and
 $\lambda \in \mathit{\boldsymbol{C}}$
. We prove that (NLS) is locally well-posed in
 $H^s$
if
 $1 and $\max\{1;s/2\}< p< 1+4/(n-2s)$. To obtain a good lower bound for $p$, we use fractional order Besov spaces for the time variable. The use of such spaces together with time cut-off makes it difficult to derive positive powers of time length from nonlinear estimates, so that it is difficult to apply the contraction mapping principle. For the proof we improve Pecher's inequality (1997), which is a modification of the Strichartz estimate, and apply this inequality to the nonlinear problem together with paraproduct formula. Citation: Takeshi Wada. A remark on local well-posedness for nonlinear Schrödinger equations with power nonlinearity-an alternative approach. Communications on Pure & Applied Analysis, 2019, 18 (3) : 1359-1374. doi: 10.3934/cpaa.2019066 ##### References:  [1] H. Amann, Operator-valued Fourier multipliers, vector-valued Besov spaces, and applications, Math. Nachr., 186 (1997), 5-56. doi: 10.1002/mana.3211860102. Google Scholar [2] J. Bergh and J. Löfström, Interpolation Spaces. An Introduction, Springer-Verlag, Berlin-New York, 1976. Google Scholar [3] T. Cazenave, D. Fang and Z. Han, Local well-posedness for the$H^2$-critical nonlinear Schrödinger equation, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc., 368 (2016), 7911-7934. doi: 10.1090/tran6683. Google Scholar [4] T. Cazenave and F. B. Weissler, The Cauchy problem for the critical nonlinear Schrödinger equation in$H^s$, Nonlinear Anal., 14 (1990), 807-836. doi: 10.1016/0362-546X(90)90023-A. Google Scholar [5] D. Fang and Z. Han, On the well-posedness for NLS in$H^s$, J. Funct. Anal., 264 (2013), 1438-1455. doi: 10.1016/j.jfa.2013.01.005. Google Scholar [6] J. Ginibre, T. Ozawa and G. Velo, On the existence of the wave operators for a class of nonlinear Schrödinger equations, Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré Phys. Théor., 60 (1994), 211-239. Google Scholar [7] J. Ginibre and G. Velo, On a class of nonlinear Schrödinger equations. Ⅰ. The Cauchy problem, general case, J. Funct. Anal., 32 (1979), 1-32. doi: 10.1016/0022-1236(79)90076-4. Google Scholar [8] J. Ginibre and G. Velo, The global Cauchy problem for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation revisited, Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré Anal. Non Linéaire, 2 (1985), 309-327. Google Scholar [9] J. Ginibre and G. Velo, Scattering theory in the energy space for a class of nonlinear wave equations, Comm. Math. Phys., 123 (1989), 535-573. Google Scholar [10] J. Ginibre and G. Velo, Generalized Strichartz inequalities for the wave equation, J. Funct. Anal., 133 (1995), 50-68. doi: 10.1006/jfan.1995.1119. Google Scholar [11] T. Kato, On nonlinear Schrödinger equations, Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré Phys. Théor., 46 (1987), 113-129. Google Scholar [12] T. Kato, Nonlinear Schrödinger equations, in Schrödinger Operators, Lecture Notes in Phys., 345, Springer, Berlin (1989), 218–263. doi: 10.1007/3-540-51783-9_22. Google Scholar [13] T. Kato, On nonlinear Schrödinger equations. Ⅱ.$H^s$-solutions and unconditional well-posedness, J. Anal. Math., 67 (1995), 281-306. doi: 10.1007/BF02787794. Google Scholar [14] M. Keel and T. Tao, Endpoint Strichartz estimates, Amer. J. Math., 120 (1998), 955-980. Google Scholar [15] M. Nakamura and T. Ozawa, Low energy scattering for nonlinear Schrödinger equations in fractional order Sobolev spaces, Rev. Math. Phys., 9 (1997), 397-410. doi: 10.1142/S0129055X97000154. Google Scholar [16] M. Nakamura and T. Wada, Modified Strichartz estimates with an application to the critical nonlinear Schrödinger equation, Nonlinear Anal., 130 (2016), 138-156. doi: 10.1016/j.na.2015.09.023. Google Scholar [17] H. Pecher, Solutions of semilinear Schrödinger equations in$H^s$, Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré Phys. Théor., 67 (1997), 259-296. Google Scholar [18] H. Y. Schmeisser, Vector-valued Sobolev and Besov spaces, in Seminar Analysis of the KarlWeierstraß-Institute of Mathematics 1985/86 (Berlin, 1985/86), Teubner-Texte Math. 96, Teubner, Leipzig (1987), 4–44. Google Scholar [19] H. Triebel, Interpolation Theory, Function Spaces, Differential Operators, North-Holland, Amsterdam-New York-Oxford, 1978. Google Scholar [20] Y. Tsutsumi, Global strong solutions for nonlinear Schrödinger equations, Nonlinear Anal., 11 (1987), 1143-1154. doi: 10.1016/0362-546X(87)90003-4. Google Scholar [21] Y. Tsutsumi,$L^2$-solutions for nonlinear Schrödinger equations and nonlinear groups, Funkcial. Ekvac., 30 (1987), 115-125. Google Scholar [22] H. Uchizono and T. Wada, Continuous dependence for nonlinear Schrödinger equation in$H^s$, J. Math. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, 19 (2012), 57-68. Google Scholar [23] H. Uchizono and T. Wada, On well-posedness for nonlinear Schrödinger equations with power nonlinearity in fractional order Sobolev spaces, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 395 (2012), 56-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jmaa.2012.04.079. Google Scholar show all references ##### References:  [1] H. Amann, Operator-valued Fourier multipliers, vector-valued Besov spaces, and applications, Math. Nachr., 186 (1997), 5-56. doi: 10.1002/mana.3211860102. Google Scholar [2] J. Bergh and J. Löfström, Interpolation Spaces. An Introduction, Springer-Verlag, Berlin-New York, 1976. Google Scholar [3] T. Cazenave, D. Fang and Z. Han, Local well-posedness for the$H^2$-critical nonlinear Schrödinger equation, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc., 368 (2016), 7911-7934. doi: 10.1090/tran6683. Google Scholar [4] T. Cazenave and F. B. Weissler, The Cauchy problem for the critical nonlinear Schrödinger equation in$H^s$, Nonlinear Anal., 14 (1990), 807-836. doi: 10.1016/0362-546X(90)90023-A. Google Scholar [5] D. Fang and Z. Han, On the well-posedness for NLS in$H^s$, J. Funct. Anal., 264 (2013), 1438-1455. doi: 10.1016/j.jfa.2013.01.005. Google Scholar [6] J. Ginibre, T. Ozawa and G. Velo, On the existence of the wave operators for a class of nonlinear Schrödinger equations, Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré Phys. Théor., 60 (1994), 211-239. Google Scholar [7] J. Ginibre and G. Velo, On a class of nonlinear Schrödinger equations. Ⅰ. The Cauchy problem, general case, J. Funct. Anal., 32 (1979), 1-32. doi: 10.1016/0022-1236(79)90076-4. Google Scholar [8] J. Ginibre and G. Velo, The global Cauchy problem for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation revisited, Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré Anal. Non Linéaire, 2 (1985), 309-327. Google Scholar [9] J. Ginibre and G. Velo, Scattering theory in the energy space for a class of nonlinear wave equations, Comm. Math. Phys., 123 (1989), 535-573. Google Scholar [10] J. Ginibre and G. Velo, Generalized Strichartz inequalities for the wave equation, J. Funct. Anal., 133 (1995), 50-68. doi: 10.1006/jfan.1995.1119. Google Scholar [11] T. Kato, On nonlinear Schrödinger equations, Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré Phys. Théor., 46 (1987), 113-129. Google Scholar [12] T. Kato, Nonlinear Schrödinger equations, in Schrödinger Operators, Lecture Notes in Phys., 345, Springer, Berlin (1989), 218–263. doi: 10.1007/3-540-51783-9_22. Google Scholar [13] T. Kato, On nonlinear Schrödinger equations. Ⅱ.$H^s$-solutions and unconditional well-posedness, J. Anal. Math., 67 (1995), 281-306. doi: 10.1007/BF02787794. Google Scholar [14] M. Keel and T. Tao, Endpoint Strichartz estimates, Amer. J. Math., 120 (1998), 955-980. Google Scholar [15] M. Nakamura and T. Ozawa, Low energy scattering for nonlinear Schrödinger equations in fractional order Sobolev spaces, Rev. Math. Phys., 9 (1997), 397-410. doi: 10.1142/S0129055X97000154. Google Scholar [16] M. Nakamura and T. Wada, Modified Strichartz estimates with an application to the critical nonlinear Schrödinger equation, Nonlinear Anal., 130 (2016), 138-156. doi: 10.1016/j.na.2015.09.023. Google Scholar [17] H. Pecher, Solutions of semilinear Schrödinger equations in$H^s$, Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré Phys. Théor., 67 (1997), 259-296. Google Scholar [18] H. Y. Schmeisser, Vector-valued Sobolev and Besov spaces, in Seminar Analysis of the KarlWeierstraß-Institute of Mathematics 1985/86 (Berlin, 1985/86), Teubner-Texte Math. 96, Teubner, Leipzig (1987), 4–44. Google Scholar [19] H. Triebel, Interpolation Theory, Function Spaces, Differential Operators, North-Holland, Amsterdam-New York-Oxford, 1978. Google Scholar [20] Y. Tsutsumi, Global strong solutions for nonlinear Schrödinger equations, Nonlinear Anal., 11 (1987), 1143-1154. doi: 10.1016/0362-546X(87)90003-4. Google Scholar [21] Y. Tsutsumi,$L^2$-solutions for nonlinear Schrödinger equations and nonlinear groups, Funkcial. Ekvac., 30 (1987), 115-125. Google Scholar [22] H. Uchizono and T. Wada, Continuous dependence for nonlinear Schrödinger equation in$H^s$, J. Math. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, 19 (2012), 57-68. Google Scholar [23] H. Uchizono and T. Wada, On well-posedness for nonlinear Schrödinger equations with power nonlinearity in fractional order Sobolev spaces, J. Math. Anal. 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