# American Institute of Mathematical Sciences

October  2005, 13(5): 1325-1342. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2005.13.1325

## Convergence to square waves for a price model with delay

 1 Mathematisches Institut, Universität Gieβen, Arndtstr. 2, 35392 Gieβen

Received  August 2004 Revised  April 2005 Published  September 2005

It is shown that periodic solutions of a delay differential equation approach a square wave if a parameter becomes large. The equation models short-term prize fluctuations. The proof relies on the fact that the branches of the unstable manifold at equilibrium tend to the periodic orbit.
Citation: Hans-Otto Walther. Convergence to square waves for a price model with delay. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - A, 2005, 13 (5) : 1325-1342. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2005.13.1325
 [1] P. Dormayer, A. F. Ivanov. Symmetric periodic solutions of a delay differential equation. Conference Publications, 1998, 1998 (Special) : 220-230. doi: 10.3934/proc.1998.1998.220 [2] Ábel Garab. Unique periodic orbits of a delay differential equation with piecewise linear feedback function. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - A, 2013, 33 (6) : 2369-2387. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2013.33.2369 [3] Xiao Wang, Zhaohui Yang, Xiongwei Liu. Periodic and almost periodic oscillations in a delay differential equation system with time-varying coefficients. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - A, 2017, 37 (12) : 6123-6138. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2017263 [4] Benjamin B. Kennedy. A periodic solution with non-simple oscillation for an equation with state-dependent delay and strictly monotonic negative feedback. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - S, 2020, 13 (1) : 47-66. doi: 10.3934/dcdss.2020003 [5] Út V. Lê. Regularity of the solution of a nonlinear wave equation. Communications on Pure & Applied Analysis, 2010, 9 (4) : 1099-1115. doi: 10.3934/cpaa.2010.9.1099 [6] Fuke Wu, Peter E. Kloeden. Mean-square random attractors of stochastic delay differential equations with random delay. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2013, 18 (6) : 1715-1734. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2013.18.1715 [7] Fabrice Planchon, John G. Stalker, A. Shadi Tahvildar-Zadeh. $L^p$ Estimates for the wave equation with the inverse-square potential. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - A, 2003, 9 (2) : 427-442. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2003.9.427 [8] Fabrice Planchon, John G. Stalker, A. Shadi Tahvildar-Zadeh. Dispersive estimate for the wave equation with the inverse-square potential. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - A, 2003, 9 (6) : 1387-1400. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2003.9.1387 [9] Nicola Guglielmi, Christian Lubich. Numerical periodic orbits of neutral delay differential equations. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - A, 2005, 13 (4) : 1057-1067. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2005.13.1057 [10] Evelyn Buckwar, Girolama Notarangelo. A note on the analysis of asymptotic mean-square stability properties for systems of linear stochastic delay differential equations. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2013, 18 (6) : 1521-1531. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2013.18.1521 [11] Xianhua Huang. Almost periodic and periodic solutions of certain dissipative delay differential equations. Conference Publications, 1998, 1998 (Special) : 301-313. doi: 10.3934/proc.1998.1998.301 [12] Xue Yang, Xinglong Wu. Wave breaking and persistent decay of solution to a shallow water wave equation. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - S, 2016, 9 (6) : 2149-2165. doi: 10.3934/dcdss.2016089 [13] Claudianor O. Alves. Existence of periodic solution for a class of systems involving nonlinear wave equations. Communications on Pure & Applied Analysis, 2005, 4 (3) : 487-498. doi: 10.3934/cpaa.2005.4.487 [14] Stéphane Junca, Bruno Lombard. Stability of neutral delay differential equations modeling wave propagation in cracked media. Conference Publications, 2015, 2015 (special) : 678-685. doi: 10.3934/proc.2015.0678 [15] Changrong Zhu, Bin Long. The periodic solutions bifurcated from a homoclinic solution for parabolic differential equations. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2016, 21 (10) : 3793-3808. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2016121 [16] Hernán R. Henríquez, Claudio Cuevas, Alejandro Caicedo. Asymptotically periodic solutions of neutral partial differential equations with infinite delay. Communications on Pure & Applied Analysis, 2013, 12 (5) : 2031-2068. doi: 10.3934/cpaa.2013.12.2031 [17] Miguel V. S. Frasson, Patricia H. Tacuri. Asymptotic behaviour of solutions to linear neutral delay differential equations with periodic coefficients. Communications on Pure & Applied Analysis, 2014, 13 (3) : 1105-1117. doi: 10.3934/cpaa.2014.13.1105 [18] Zhiming Guo, Xiaomin Zhang. Multiplicity results for periodic solutions to a class of second order delay differential equations. Communications on Pure & Applied Analysis, 2010, 9 (6) : 1529-1542. doi: 10.3934/cpaa.2010.9.1529 [19] Vera Ignatenko. Homoclinic and stable periodic solutions for differential delay equations from physiology. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - A, 2018, 38 (7) : 3637-3661. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2018157 [20] Anatoli F. Ivanov, Sergei Trofimchuk. Periodic solutions and their stability of a differential-difference equation. Conference Publications, 2009, 2009 (Special) : 385-393. doi: 10.3934/proc.2009.2009.385

2018 Impact Factor: 1.143