American Institute of Mathematical Sciences

June  2006, 16(2): 383-392. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2006.16.383

Every ergodic measure is uniquely maximizing

 1 School of Mathematical Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS

Received  April 2005 Revised  November 2005 Published  July 2006

Let $M_{\phi}$ denote the set of Borel probability measures invariant under a topological action $\phi$ on a compact metrizable space $X$. For a continuous function $f:X\to\R$, a measure $\mu\in\M_{\phi}$ is called $f$-maximizing if $\int f\, d\mu = s u p\{\int f dm:m\in\M_{\phi}\}$. It is shown that if $\mu$ is any ergodic measure in $\M_{\phi}$, then there exists a continuous function whose unique maximizing measure is $\mu$. More generally, if $\mathcal E$ is a non-empty collection of ergodic measures which is weak$^*$ closed as a subset of $\M_{\phi}$, then there exists a continuous function whose set of maximizing measures is precisely the closed convex hull of $\mathcal E$. If moreover $\phi$ has the property that its entropy map is upper semi-continuous, then there exists a continuous function whose set of equilibrium states is precisely the closed convex hull of $\mathcal E$.
Citation: Oliver Jenkinson. Every ergodic measure is uniquely maximizing. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - A, 2006, 16 (2) : 383-392. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2006.16.383
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