Cross-currents between biology and mathematics: The codimension of pseudo-plateau bursting

Hinke M. Osinga; Arthur Sherman; Krasimira Tsaneva-Atanasova

doi:10.3934/dcds.2012.32.2853

Article Contents

2012, Volume 32, Issue 8: 2853-2877. Doi: 10.3934/dcds.2012.32.2853

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Cross-currents between biology and mathematics: The codimension of pseudo-plateau bursting

1.
Department of Mathematics, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142
2.
Laboratory of Biological Modeling, N.I.D.D.K. National Institutes of Health, 12A SOUTH DR MSC 5621, Bethesda, MD 20892-5621
3.
Bristol Centre for Applied Nonlinear Mathematics, Department of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Queen’s Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TR

Received: April 30, 2011

Revised: July 31, 2011

Published: July 2012

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Abstract

A great deal of work has gone into classifying bursting oscillations, periodic alternations of spiking and quiescence modeled by fast-slow systems. In such systems, one or more slow variables carry the fast variables through a sequence of bifurcations that mediate transitions between oscillations and steady states. A rigorous classification approach is to characterize the bifurcations found in the neighborhood of a singularity; a measure of the complexity of the bursting oscillation is then given by the smallest codimension of the singularities near which it occurs. Fold/homoclinic bursting, along with most other burst types of interest, has been shown to occur near a singularity of codimension three by examining bifurcations of a cubic Liénard system; hence, these types of bursting have at most codimension three. Modeling and biological considerations suggest that fold/homoclinic bursting should be found near fold/subHopf bursting, a more recently identified burst type whose codimension has not been determined yet. One would expect that fold/subHopf bursting has the same codimension as fold/homoclinic bursting, because models of these two burst types have very similar underlying bifurcation diagrams. However, no codimension-three singularity is known that supports fold/subHopf bursting, which indicates that it may have codimension four. We identify a three-dimensional slice in a partial unfolding of a doubly-degenerate Bodganov-Takens point, and show that this codimension-four singularity gives rise to almost all known types of bursting.

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Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary: 70K70, 70K45; Secondary: 34C23.

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