American Institute of Mathematical Sciences

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February  2013, 33(2): 861-878. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2013.33.861

Energy identity for a class of approximate biharmonic maps into sphere in dimension four

Changyou Wang 1, and  Shenzhou Zheng 2,

1. 

Department of Mathematics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, United States
2. 

Department of Mathematics, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China

Received  January 2012 Revised  April 2012 Published  September 2012

We consider in dimension four weakly convergent sequences of approximate biharmonic maps into sphere with bi-tension fields bounded in $L^p$ for $p>1$. We prove an energy identity that accounts for the loss of hessian energies by the sum of hessian energies over finitely many nontrivial biharmonic maps on $\mathbb R^4$. As a corollary, we obtain an energy identity for the heat flow of biharmonic maps into sphere at time infinity.
Keywords: heat flow of biharmonic maps., energy identity, Approximate biharmonic maps.
Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary: 35J48; Secondary: 35G4.
Citation: Changyou Wang, Shenzhou Zheng. Energy identity for a class of approximate biharmonic maps into sphere in dimension four. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - A, 2013, 33 (2) : 861-878. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2013.33.861
References:
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D. R. Adams, A note on Riesz potentials,, Duke Math. J., 42 (1975), 765.  doi: 10.1215/S0012-7094-75-04265-9.  Google Scholar

[2]

A. Chang, L. Wang and P. Yang, Aregularity theory of biharmonic maps,, Comm. Pure Appl. Math., 52 (1999), 1113.  doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0312(199909)52:9<1113::AID-CPA4>3.0.CO;2-7.  Google Scholar

[3]

W. Y. Ding and G. Tian, Energy identity for a class of approximate harmonic maps from surfaces,, Comm. Anal. Geom., 3 (1995), 543.   Google Scholar

[4]

A. Gastel, The extrinsic polyharmonic map heat flow in the critical dimension,, Adv. Geom., 6 (2006), 501.  doi: 10.1515/ADVGEOM.2006.031.  Google Scholar

[5]

H. J. Gong, T. Lamm and C. Y. Wang, Boundary regularity for a class of biharmonicmaps,, Calc. Var. Partial Differential Equations, 45 (2012), 165.  doi: 10.1007/s00526-011-0455-2.  Google Scholar

[6]

F. Hélein, "Harmonic Maps, Conservation Laws, and Moving Frames,", Cambridge Tracts in Mathematics, (2002).   Google Scholar

[7]

P. Hornung and R. Moser, Energy identity for instrinsically biharmonic maps in fourdimensions,, Anal. PDE, ().   Google Scholar

[8]

T. Iwaniec and G. Martin, Quasiregular mappings in even dimensions,, Acta Math., 170 (1993), 29.  doi: 10.1007/BF02392454.  Google Scholar

[9]

Y. Ku, Interior and boundary regularity of intrinsic biharmonic maps to spheres,, Pacific J. Math., 234 (2008), 43.   Google Scholar

[10]

T. Lamm, Heat flow for extrinsic biharmonic maps with small initial energy,, Ann. Global Anal. Geom., 26 (2004), 369.  doi: 10.1023/B:AGAG.0000047526.21237.04.  Google Scholar

[11]

T. Lamm and T. Rivière, Conservation laws for fourth order systems in four dimensions,, Comm. PDE., 33 (2008), 245.   Google Scholar

[12]

P. Laurain and T. Rivière, Angular energy quantization for linear elliptic systems with antisymmetric potentials and applications,, Preprint, ().   Google Scholar

[13]

F. H. Lin and T. Rivière, Energy quantization for harmonic maps,, Duke Math. J., 111 (2002), 177.  doi: 10.1215/S0012-7094-02-11116-8.  Google Scholar

[14]

F. H. Lin and T. Riviére, A quantization property for static Ginzburg-Landau vortices,, Comm. Pure Appl. Math., 54 (2001), 206.  doi: 10.1002/1097-0312(200102)54:2<206::AID-CPA3>3.0.CO;2-W.  Google Scholar

[15]

F. H. Lin and C. Y. Wang, Harmonic and quasi-harmonic spheres II,, Comm. Anal. Geom., 10 (2002), 341.   Google Scholar

[16]

R. Moser, Weak solutions of a biharmonic map heat flow,, Adv. Calc. Var., 2 (2009), 73.  doi: 10.1515/ACV.2009.004.  Google Scholar

[17]

C. Scheven, Dimension reduction for the singular set of biharmonic maps,, Adv. Calc. Var., 1 (2008), 53.  doi: 10.1515/ACV.2008.002.  Google Scholar

[18]

C. Scheven, An optimal partial regularity result for minimizers of an intrinsically defined second-order functional,, Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré Anal. Non Linéaire, 26 (2009), 1585.   Google Scholar

[19]

P. Strzelecki, On biharmonic maps and their generalizations,, Calc. Var. Partial Differential Equations, 18 (2003), 401.   Google Scholar

[20]

M. Struwe, Partial regularity for biharmonic maps, revisited,, Calc. Var. Partial Differential Equations, 33 (2008), 249.   Google Scholar

[21]

C. Y. Wang, Remarks on biharmonic maps into spheres,, Calc. Var. Partial Differential Equations, 21 (2004), 221.   Google Scholar

[22]

C. Y. Wang, Biharmonic maps from $\mathbb R^4$ into a Riemannian manifold,, Math. Z., 247 (2004), 65.  doi: 10.1007/s00209-003-0620-1.  Google Scholar

[23]

C. Y. Wang, Stationray biharmonic maps from $\mathbb R^m$ into a Riemannian manifold,, Comm. Pure Appl. Math., 57 (2004), 0419.   Google Scholar

[24]

C. Y. Wang, Heat flow of biharmonic maps in dimensions four and its application,, Pure Appl. Math. Q., 3 (2007), 595.   Google Scholar

[25]

C. Y. Wang and S. Z. Zheng, Energy identity of approximate biharmonic maps to Riemannian manifolds and its application,, J. Funct. Anal., 263 (2012), 960.  doi: 10.1016/j.jfa.2012.05.008.  Google Scholar

show all references

References:
[1]

D. R. Adams, A note on Riesz potentials,, Duke Math. J., 42 (1975), 765.  doi: 10.1215/S0012-7094-75-04265-9.  Google Scholar

[2]

A. Chang, L. Wang and P. Yang, Aregularity theory of biharmonic maps,, Comm. Pure Appl. Math., 52 (1999), 1113.  doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0312(199909)52:9<1113::AID-CPA4>3.0.CO;2-7.  Google Scholar

[3]

W. Y. Ding and G. Tian, Energy identity for a class of approximate harmonic maps from surfaces,, Comm. Anal. Geom., 3 (1995), 543.   Google Scholar

[4]

A. Gastel, The extrinsic polyharmonic map heat flow in the critical dimension,, Adv. Geom., 6 (2006), 501.  doi: 10.1515/ADVGEOM.2006.031.  Google Scholar

[5]

H. J. Gong, T. Lamm and C. Y. Wang, Boundary regularity for a class of biharmonicmaps,, Calc. Var. Partial Differential Equations, 45 (2012), 165.  doi: 10.1007/s00526-011-0455-2.  Google Scholar

[6]

F. Hélein, "Harmonic Maps, Conservation Laws, and Moving Frames,", Cambridge Tracts in Mathematics, (2002).   Google Scholar

[7]

P. Hornung and R. Moser, Energy identity for instrinsically biharmonic maps in fourdimensions,, Anal. PDE, ().   Google Scholar

[8]

T. Iwaniec and G. Martin, Quasiregular mappings in even dimensions,, Acta Math., 170 (1993), 29.  doi: 10.1007/BF02392454.  Google Scholar

[9]

Y. Ku, Interior and boundary regularity of intrinsic biharmonic maps to spheres,, Pacific J. Math., 234 (2008), 43.   Google Scholar

[10]

T. Lamm, Heat flow for extrinsic biharmonic maps with small initial energy,, Ann. Global Anal. Geom., 26 (2004), 369.  doi: 10.1023/B:AGAG.0000047526.21237.04.  Google Scholar

[11]

T. Lamm and T. Rivière, Conservation laws for fourth order systems in four dimensions,, Comm. PDE., 33 (2008), 245.   Google Scholar

[12]

P. Laurain and T. Rivière, Angular energy quantization for linear elliptic systems with antisymmetric potentials and applications,, Preprint, ().   Google Scholar

[13]

F. H. Lin and T. Rivière, Energy quantization for harmonic maps,, Duke Math. J., 111 (2002), 177.  doi: 10.1215/S0012-7094-02-11116-8.  Google Scholar

[14]

F. H. Lin and T. Riviére, A quantization property for static Ginzburg-Landau vortices,, Comm. Pure Appl. Math., 54 (2001), 206.  doi: 10.1002/1097-0312(200102)54:2<206::AID-CPA3>3.0.CO;2-W.  Google Scholar

[15]

F. H. Lin and C. Y. Wang, Harmonic and quasi-harmonic spheres II,, Comm. Anal. Geom., 10 (2002), 341.   Google Scholar

[16]

R. Moser, Weak solutions of a biharmonic map heat flow,, Adv. Calc. Var., 2 (2009), 73.  doi: 10.1515/ACV.2009.004.  Google Scholar

[17]

C. Scheven, Dimension reduction for the singular set of biharmonic maps,, Adv. Calc. Var., 1 (2008), 53.  doi: 10.1515/ACV.2008.002.  Google Scholar

[18]

C. Scheven, An optimal partial regularity result for minimizers of an intrinsically defined second-order functional,, Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré Anal. Non Linéaire, 26 (2009), 1585.   Google Scholar

[19]

P. Strzelecki, On biharmonic maps and their generalizations,, Calc. Var. Partial Differential Equations, 18 (2003), 401.   Google Scholar

[20]

M. Struwe, Partial regularity for biharmonic maps, revisited,, Calc. Var. Partial Differential Equations, 33 (2008), 249.   Google Scholar

[21]

C. Y. Wang, Remarks on biharmonic maps into spheres,, Calc. Var. Partial Differential Equations, 21 (2004), 221.   Google Scholar

[22]

C. Y. Wang, Biharmonic maps from $\mathbb R^4$ into a Riemannian manifold,, Math. Z., 247 (2004), 65.  doi: 10.1007/s00209-003-0620-1.  Google Scholar

[23]

C. Y. Wang, Stationray biharmonic maps from $\mathbb R^m$ into a Riemannian manifold,, Comm. Pure Appl. Math., 57 (2004), 0419.   Google Scholar

[24]

C. Y. Wang, Heat flow of biharmonic maps in dimensions four and its application,, Pure Appl. Math. Q., 3 (2007), 595.   Google Scholar

[25]

C. Y. Wang and S. Z. Zheng, Energy identity of approximate biharmonic maps to Riemannian manifolds and its application,, J. Funct. Anal., 263 (2012), 960.  doi: 10.1016/j.jfa.2012.05.008.  Google Scholar

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