Existence of heterodimensional cycles near Shilnikov loops in systems with a $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry

Dongchen Li; Dmitry V. Turaev

doi:10.3934/dcds.2017189

Article Contents

2017, Volume 37, Issue 8: 4399-4437. Doi: 10.3934/dcds.2017189

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Existence of heterodimensional cycles near Shilnikov loops in systems with a $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry

Dongchen Li^1, , and
Dmitry V. Turaev^1,2,3,

1.
Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
2.
Department of Mathematics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Prospekt Gagarina, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
3.
Joseph Meyerhoff Visiting Professor, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl Street, Rehovot 7610001, Israel

^* Corresponding author: Dongchen Li
^* Corresponding author: Dongchen Li

Received: January 31, 2017

Revised: January 31, 2017

Published: May 2017

This work was supported by grant RSF 14-41-00044. The authors also acknowledge support by the Royal Society grant IE141468 and EU Marie-Curie IRSES Brazilian-European partnership in Dynamical Systems (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IRSES 318999 BREUDS).

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Abstract

We prove that a pair of heterodimensional cycles can be born at the bifurcations of a pair of Shilnikov loops (homoclinic loops to a saddle-focus equilibrium) having a one-dimensional unstable manifold in a volume-hyperbolic flow with a $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry. We also show that these heterodimensional cycles can belong to a chain-transitive attractor of the system along with persistent homoclinic tangency.

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Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary: 37G20, 37G25, 37G35.

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Figure 1. The dashed curves represent the two homoclinic loops and the solid vertical lines represent leaves of the foliation $\mathcal{F}_0$. The coincidence condition for system $X$ is that, for any point of $\Gamma^+$ lying in a leaf $l$, there exists one point of $\Gamma^-$ that also lies in $l$

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Figure 2. For a four-dimensional system, the intersection points $M^+$ and $M^-$ on a small three-dimensional cross-section $\Pi$ belong to the same leaf of the foliation $\mathcal{F}_1$

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Figure 3. As shown in figure (a), we can create an infinite sequence of index-2 point $Q_k^-$ accumulating on $M^-$ while keeping the intersection $W^u(P)\cap W^{ss}(M^-)$ by changing $\mu, \rho$ and $\nu$ together. In figure (b), the intersection $W^u(P)\cap W^s(Q_{k_0}^-)$ is created by changing $\nu$)

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Figure 4. The index is determined by the pair ($\lambda_1+\lambda_2, \lambda_1\lambda_2$)

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