# American Institute of Mathematical Sciences

April  2019, 39(4): 1685-1730. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2019074

## Riccati equations for linear Hamiltonian systems without controllability condition

 Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, CZ-61137 Brno, Czech Republic

Dedicated to the memory of Professor Russell A. Johnson.

Received  August 2017 Revised  July 2018 Published  January 2019

Fund Project: This research was supported by the Czech Science Foundation under grant GA16-00611S.

In this paper we develop new theory of Riccati matrix differential equations for linear Hamiltonian systems, which do not require any controllability assumption. When the system is nonoscillatory, it is known from our previous work that conjoined bases of the system with eventually the same image form a special structure called a genus. We show that for every such a genus there is an associated Riccati equation. We study the properties of symmetric solutions of these Riccati equations and their connection with conjoined bases of the system. For a given genus, we pay a special attention to distinguished solutions at infinity of the associated Riccati equation and their relationship with the principal solutions at infinity of the system in the considered genus. We show the uniqueness of the distinguished solution at infinity of the Riccati equation corresponding to the minimal genus. This study essentially extends and completes the work of W. T. Reid (1964, 1972), W. A. Coppel (1971), P. Hartman (1964), W. Kratz (1995), and other authors who considered the Riccati equation and its distinguished solution at infinity for invertible conjoined bases, i.e., for the maximal genus in our setting.

Citation: Peter Šepitka. Riccati equations for linear Hamiltonian systems without controllability condition. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems, 2019, 39 (4) : 1685-1730. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2019074
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Dedicated to the memory of Professor Russell A. Johnson.

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