Embedding theorems in the fractional Orlicz-Sobolev space and applications to non-local problems

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May 2020, 40(5): 2917-2944. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2020155

Embedding theorems in the fractional Orlicz-Sobolev space and applications to non-local problems

Sabri Bahrouni and Hichem Ounaies

Mathematics Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Monastir, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia

Received August 2019 Published March 2020

Fund Project: The first and second authors are supported by LR 18 ES 15

In the present paper, we deal with a new continuous and compact embedding theorems for the fractional Orlicz-Sobolev spaces, also, we study the existence of infinitely many nontrivial solutions for a class of non-local fractional Orlicz-Sobolev Schrödinger equations whose simplest prototype is

$ (-\triangle)^{s}_{m}u+V(x)m(u) = f(x,u),\ x\in\mathbb{R}^{d}, $

where

$ 0<s<1 $

,

$ d\geq2 $

and

$ (-\triangle)^{s}_{m} $

is the fractional

$ M $

-Laplace operator. The proof is based on the variant Fountain theorem established by Zou.

Keywords: Fractional Orlicz-Sobolev space, compact embedding theorem, fractional M-Laplacian, fountain Theorem, Schrödinger equation.

Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary: 35J60; Secondary: 35J91, 35S30, 46E35, 58E30.

Citation: Sabri Bahrouni, Hichem Ounaies. Embedding theorems in the fractional Orlicz-Sobolev space and applications to non-local problems. Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems, 2020, 40 (5) : 2917-2944. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2020155

References:

[1]	R. A. Adams, Sobolev Spaces, Pure and Applied Mathematics, Vol. 65. Academic Press, New York-London, 1975.
[2]	C. O. Alves, G. M. Figueiredo and J. A. Santos, Strauss and Lions type results for a class of Orlicz-Sobolev spaces and applications, Topol. Methods Nonlinear Anal., 44 (2014), 435-456. doi: 10.12775/TMNA.2014.055.
[3]	V. Ambrosio, Multiple solutions for a fractional $p$-Laplacian equation with sign-changing potential, Electron. J. Differential Equations, 2016 (2016), 12 pp.
[4]	G. Autuori and P. Pucci, Elliptic problems involving the fractional Laplacian in $\mathbb{R}^{d}$., J. Differ. Equ., 255 (2013), 2340-2362. doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2013.06.016.
[5]	E. Azroul, A. Benkirane and M. Srati, Introduction to fractional Orlicz-Sobolev spaces, arXiv: 1807.11753.
[6]	A. Bahrouni, H. Ounaies and V. D. Rǎdulescu, Infinitely many solutions for a class of sublinear Schrödinger equations with indefinite potentials, Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh Sect. A, 145 (2015), 445-465. doi: 10.1017/S0308210513001169.
[7]	A. Bahrouni, Trudinger-Moser type inequality and existence of solution for perturbed non-local elliptic operators with exponential nonlinearity, Commun. Pure Appl. Anal., 16 (2017), 243-252. doi: 10.3934/cpaa.2017011.
[8]	A. Bahrouni, S. Bahrouni and M. Q. Xiang, On a class of nonvariational problems in fractional Orlicz-Sobolev spaces, Nonlinear Analysis, 190 (2020), 111595, 13 pp. doi: 10.1016/j.na.2019.111595.
[9]	S. Bahrouni, H. Ounaies and L. S. Tavares, Basic results of fractional Orlicz-Sobolev space and applications to non-local problems, Topol. Methods Nonlinear Anal., accepted for publication.
[10]	T. Bartsch and Z. Q. Wang, Existence and multiplicity results for some superlinear elliptic problems in $\mathbb{R}^{d}$, Comm. Partial Differ. Equ., 20 (1995), 1725-1741. doi: 10.1080/03605309508821149.
[11]	G. M. Bisci and V. D. Rǎdulescu, Ground state solutions of scalar field fractional Schrödinger equations, Calc. Var. Partial Differential Equatioans, 54 (2015), 2985-3008. doi: 10.1007/s00526-015-0891-5.
[12]	G. Bonanno, G. Molica Bisci and V. Rǎdulescu, Infinitely many solutions for a class of nonlinear eigenvalue problem in Orlicz-Sobolev spaces, C. R. Math. Acad. Sci. Paris, 349 (2011), 263-268. doi: 10.1016/j.crma.2011.02.009.
[13]	J. Fernández Bonder and A. M. Salort, Fractional order Orlicz-Sobolev spaces, Journal of Functional Analysis, 277 (2019), 333-367. doi: 10.1016/j.jfa.2019.04.003.
[14]	J. F. Bonder, M. P. LLanos and A. M. Salort, A Hölder infinity Laplacian obtained as limit of Orlicz fractional Laplacians, arXiv: 1807.01669.
[15]	J. F. Bonder and A. M. Salort, Magnetic Fractional order Orlicz-Sobolev spaces, J. Funct. Anal., 277 (2019), 333–367, arXiv: 1812.05998. doi: 10.1016/j.jfa.2019.04.003.
[16]	X. J. Chang, Ground state solutions of asymptotically linear fractional Schrödinger equations, J. Math. Phys., 54 (2013), 061504, 10 pp. doi: 10.1063/1.4809933.
[17]	Ph. Clément, M. García-Huidobro, R. Manásevich and K. Schmitt, Mountain pass type solutions for quasilinear elliptic equations, Calc. Var. Partial Differential Equations, 11 (2000), 33-62. doi: 10.1007/s005260050002.
[18]	Ph. Clément, B. de Pagter, G. Sweers and F. de Thélin, Existence of solutions to a semilinear elliptic system through Orlicz-Sobolev spaces, Mediterr. J. Math., 1 (2004), 241-267. doi: 10.1007/s00009-004-0014-6.
[19]	S. Dipierro, M. Medina and E. Valdinoci, Fractional Elliptic Problems with Critical Growth in the Whole of $\mathbb{R}^n$, Lecture Notes, Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, 15. Edizioni della Normale, Pisa, 2017. doi: 10.1007/978-88-7642-601-8.
[20]	E. Di Nezza, G. Palatucci and E. Valdinoci, Hitchhiker's guide to the fractional Sobolev spaces, Bull. Sci. Math., 136 (2012), 521-573. doi: 10.1016/j.bulsci.2011.12.004.
[21]	N. Fukagai, M. Ito and K. Narukawa, Positive solutions of quasilinear elliptic equations with critical Orlicz-Sobolev nonlinearity on $\mathbb{R}^{d}$, Funkcialaj Ekvacioj, 49 (2006), 235-267. doi: 10.1619/fesi.49.235.
[22]	M. García-Huidobro, V. K. Le, R. Manásevich and K. Schmitt, On principal eigenvalues for quasilinear elliptic differential operators: An Orlicz-Sobolev space setting, Nonlinear Differ. Equat. Appl., 6 (1999), 207-225. doi: 10.1007/s000300050073.
[23]	F. Gazzola and V. Rǎdulescu, A nonsmooth critical point theory approach to some nonlinear elliptic equations in $\mathbb{R}^{d}$, Differ. Integral Equ., 13 (2000), 47-60.
[24]	J.-P. Gossez, Nonlinear elliptic boundary value problems for equations with rapidly (or slowly) increasing coefficients, Trans. Am. Math. Soc., 190 (1974), 163-205. doi: 10.1090/S0002-9947-1974-0342854-2.
[25]	M. A. Krasnosels'kiǐ and J. B. Rutic'kii, Convex Functions and Orlicz Spaces, P. Noordhoff Ltd, Groningen, 1961.
[26]	A. Kufner, O. John and S. Fučik, Function Spaces, Noordhoff International Publishing, Leyden, Academia, Prague, 1977.
[27]	J. Lamperti, On the isometries of certain function-spaces, Pacific J. Math., 8 (1958), 459-466. doi: 10.2140/pjm.1958.8.459.
[28]	M. Mihǎilescu and V. Rǎdulescu, Nonhomogeneous Neumann problems in Orlicz-Sobolev spaces, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris., 346 (2008), 401-406. doi: 10.1016/j.crma.2008.02.020.
[29]	M. Mihǎilescu and V. Rǎdulescu, Existence and multiplicity of solutions for a quasilinear nonhomogeneous problems: An Orlicz-Sobolev space setting, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 330 (2007), 416-432. doi: 10.1016/j.jmaa.2006.07.082.
[30]	M. Mihǎilescu and V. Rǎdulescu, Neumann problems associated to nonhomogeneous differential operators in Orlicz-Sobolev spaces, Ann. Inst. Fourier, 58 (2008), 2087-2111. doi: 10.5802/aif.2407.
[31]	G. Molica Bisci, V. D. Rǎdulescu and R. Servadei, Variational Methods for Nonlocal Fractional Problems, Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications, 162. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2016. doi: 10.1017/CBO9781316282397.
[32]	P. de. Nápoli, J. F. Bonder and A. M. Salort, A Pólya-Szegö principle for general fractional Orlicz-Sobolev spaces, arXiv: 1903.03190.
[33]	P. H. Rabinowitz, On a class of nonlinear Schrödinger equations, Z. Angew. Math. Phys., 43 (1992), 270-291. doi: 10.1007/BF00946631.
[34]	M. M. Rao and Z. D. Ren, Theory of Orlicz Spaces, Monographs and Textbooks in Pure and Applied Mathematics, 146. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, 1991.
[35]	A. M. Salort, Eigenvalues and minimizers for a non-standard growth non-local operator, Journal of Differential Equations, (2019). doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2019.11.027.
[36]	R. Servadei and E. Valdinoci, Mountain pass solutions for non-local elliptic operators, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 389 (2012), 887-898. doi: 10.1016/j.jmaa.2011.12.032.
[37]	R. Servadei and E. Valdinoci, Variational methods for non-local operators of elliptic type, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Sys., 33 (2013), 2105-2137. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2013.33.2105.
[38]	W. A. Strauss, Existence of solitary waves in higher dimensions, Comm. Math. Phys., 55 (1977), 149-162. doi: 10.1007/BF01626517.
[39]	C. Torres, On superlinear fractional $p$-Laplacian in $\mathbb{R}^{d}$, (2014), arXiv: 1412.3392.
[40]	M. Willem, Minimax Theorems, Progress in Nonlinear Differential Equations and their Applications, 24. Birkhäuser Boston, Inc., Boston, MA, 1996. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4612-4146-1.
[41]	Q. Y. Zhang and Q. Wang, Multiple solutions for a class of sublinear Schrödinger equations, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 389 (2012), 511-518. doi: 10.1016/j.jmaa.2011.12.003.
[42]	Q. Y. Zhang and B. Xu, Multiplicity of solutions for a class of semilinear Schrödinger equations with sign-changing potential, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 377 (2011), 834-840. doi: 10.1016/j.jmaa.2010.11.059.
[43]	W. M. Zou, Variant fountain theorems and their applications, Manuscripta Math., 104 (2001), 343-358. doi: 10.1007/s002290170032.

show all references

References:

[1]	R. A. Adams, Sobolev Spaces, Pure and Applied Mathematics, Vol. 65. Academic Press, New York-London, 1975.
[2]	C. O. Alves, G. M. Figueiredo and J. A. Santos, Strauss and Lions type results for a class of Orlicz-Sobolev spaces and applications, Topol. Methods Nonlinear Anal., 44 (2014), 435-456. doi: 10.12775/TMNA.2014.055.
[3]	V. Ambrosio, Multiple solutions for a fractional $p$-Laplacian equation with sign-changing potential, Electron. J. Differential Equations, 2016 (2016), 12 pp.
[4]	G. Autuori and P. Pucci, Elliptic problems involving the fractional Laplacian in $\mathbb{R}^{d}$., J. Differ. Equ., 255 (2013), 2340-2362. doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2013.06.016.
[5]	E. Azroul, A. Benkirane and M. Srati, Introduction to fractional Orlicz-Sobolev spaces, arXiv: 1807.11753.
[6]	A. Bahrouni, H. Ounaies and V. D. Rǎdulescu, Infinitely many solutions for a class of sublinear Schrödinger equations with indefinite potentials, Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh Sect. A, 145 (2015), 445-465. doi: 10.1017/S0308210513001169.
[7]	A. Bahrouni, Trudinger-Moser type inequality and existence of solution for perturbed non-local elliptic operators with exponential nonlinearity, Commun. Pure Appl. Anal., 16 (2017), 243-252. doi: 10.3934/cpaa.2017011.
[8]	A. Bahrouni, S. Bahrouni and M. Q. Xiang, On a class of nonvariational problems in fractional Orlicz-Sobolev spaces, Nonlinear Analysis, 190 (2020), 111595, 13 pp. doi: 10.1016/j.na.2019.111595.
[9]	S. Bahrouni, H. Ounaies and L. S. Tavares, Basic results of fractional Orlicz-Sobolev space and applications to non-local problems, Topol. Methods Nonlinear Anal., accepted for publication.
[10]	T. Bartsch and Z. Q. Wang, Existence and multiplicity results for some superlinear elliptic problems in $\mathbb{R}^{d}$, Comm. Partial Differ. Equ., 20 (1995), 1725-1741. doi: 10.1080/03605309508821149.
[11]	G. M. Bisci and V. D. Rǎdulescu, Ground state solutions of scalar field fractional Schrödinger equations, Calc. Var. Partial Differential Equatioans, 54 (2015), 2985-3008. doi: 10.1007/s00526-015-0891-5.
[12]	G. Bonanno, G. Molica Bisci and V. Rǎdulescu, Infinitely many solutions for a class of nonlinear eigenvalue problem in Orlicz-Sobolev spaces, C. R. Math. Acad. Sci. Paris, 349 (2011), 263-268. doi: 10.1016/j.crma.2011.02.009.
[13]	J. Fernández Bonder and A. M. Salort, Fractional order Orlicz-Sobolev spaces, Journal of Functional Analysis, 277 (2019), 333-367. doi: 10.1016/j.jfa.2019.04.003.
[14]	J. F. Bonder, M. P. LLanos and A. M. Salort, A Hölder infinity Laplacian obtained as limit of Orlicz fractional Laplacians, arXiv: 1807.01669.
[15]	J. F. Bonder and A. M. Salort, Magnetic Fractional order Orlicz-Sobolev spaces, J. Funct. Anal., 277 (2019), 333–367, arXiv: 1812.05998. doi: 10.1016/j.jfa.2019.04.003.
[16]	X. J. Chang, Ground state solutions of asymptotically linear fractional Schrödinger equations, J. Math. Phys., 54 (2013), 061504, 10 pp. doi: 10.1063/1.4809933.
[17]	Ph. Clément, M. García-Huidobro, R. Manásevich and K. Schmitt, Mountain pass type solutions for quasilinear elliptic equations, Calc. Var. Partial Differential Equations, 11 (2000), 33-62. doi: 10.1007/s005260050002.
[18]	Ph. Clément, B. de Pagter, G. Sweers and F. de Thélin, Existence of solutions to a semilinear elliptic system through Orlicz-Sobolev spaces, Mediterr. J. Math., 1 (2004), 241-267. doi: 10.1007/s00009-004-0014-6.
[19]	S. Dipierro, M. Medina and E. Valdinoci, Fractional Elliptic Problems with Critical Growth in the Whole of $\mathbb{R}^n$, Lecture Notes, Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, 15. Edizioni della Normale, Pisa, 2017. doi: 10.1007/978-88-7642-601-8.
[20]	E. Di Nezza, G. Palatucci and E. Valdinoci, Hitchhiker's guide to the fractional Sobolev spaces, Bull. Sci. Math., 136 (2012), 521-573. doi: 10.1016/j.bulsci.2011.12.004.
[21]	N. Fukagai, M. Ito and K. Narukawa, Positive solutions of quasilinear elliptic equations with critical Orlicz-Sobolev nonlinearity on $\mathbb{R}^{d}$, Funkcialaj Ekvacioj, 49 (2006), 235-267. doi: 10.1619/fesi.49.235.
[22]	M. García-Huidobro, V. K. Le, R. Manásevich and K. Schmitt, On principal eigenvalues for quasilinear elliptic differential operators: An Orlicz-Sobolev space setting, Nonlinear Differ. Equat. Appl., 6 (1999), 207-225. doi: 10.1007/s000300050073.
[23]	F. Gazzola and V. Rǎdulescu, A nonsmooth critical point theory approach to some nonlinear elliptic equations in $\mathbb{R}^{d}$, Differ. Integral Equ., 13 (2000), 47-60.
[24]	J.-P. Gossez, Nonlinear elliptic boundary value problems for equations with rapidly (or slowly) increasing coefficients, Trans. Am. Math. Soc., 190 (1974), 163-205. doi: 10.1090/S0002-9947-1974-0342854-2.
[25]	M. A. Krasnosels'kiǐ and J. B. Rutic'kii, Convex Functions and Orlicz Spaces, P. Noordhoff Ltd, Groningen, 1961.
[26]	A. Kufner, O. John and S. Fučik, Function Spaces, Noordhoff International Publishing, Leyden, Academia, Prague, 1977.
[27]	J. Lamperti, On the isometries of certain function-spaces, Pacific J. Math., 8 (1958), 459-466. doi: 10.2140/pjm.1958.8.459.
[28]	M. Mihǎilescu and V. Rǎdulescu, Nonhomogeneous Neumann problems in Orlicz-Sobolev spaces, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris., 346 (2008), 401-406. doi: 10.1016/j.crma.2008.02.020.
[29]	M. Mihǎilescu and V. Rǎdulescu, Existence and multiplicity of solutions for a quasilinear nonhomogeneous problems: An Orlicz-Sobolev space setting, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 330 (2007), 416-432. doi: 10.1016/j.jmaa.2006.07.082.
[30]	M. Mihǎilescu and V. Rǎdulescu, Neumann problems associated to nonhomogeneous differential operators in Orlicz-Sobolev spaces, Ann. Inst. Fourier, 58 (2008), 2087-2111. doi: 10.5802/aif.2407.
[31]	G. Molica Bisci, V. D. Rǎdulescu and R. Servadei, Variational Methods for Nonlocal Fractional Problems, Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications, 162. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2016. doi: 10.1017/CBO9781316282397.
[32]	P. de. Nápoli, J. F. Bonder and A. M. Salort, A Pólya-Szegö principle for general fractional Orlicz-Sobolev spaces, arXiv: 1903.03190.
[33]	P. H. Rabinowitz, On a class of nonlinear Schrödinger equations, Z. Angew. Math. Phys., 43 (1992), 270-291. doi: 10.1007/BF00946631.
[34]	M. M. Rao and Z. D. Ren, Theory of Orlicz Spaces, Monographs and Textbooks in Pure and Applied Mathematics, 146. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, 1991.
[35]	A. M. Salort, Eigenvalues and minimizers for a non-standard growth non-local operator, Journal of Differential Equations, (2019). doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2019.11.027.
[36]	R. Servadei and E. Valdinoci, Mountain pass solutions for non-local elliptic operators, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 389 (2012), 887-898. doi: 10.1016/j.jmaa.2011.12.032.
[37]	R. Servadei and E. Valdinoci, Variational methods for non-local operators of elliptic type, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Sys., 33 (2013), 2105-2137. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2013.33.2105.
[38]	W. A. Strauss, Existence of solitary waves in higher dimensions, Comm. Math. Phys., 55 (1977), 149-162. doi: 10.1007/BF01626517.
[39]	C. Torres, On superlinear fractional $p$-Laplacian in $\mathbb{R}^{d}$, (2014), arXiv: 1412.3392.
[40]	M. Willem, Minimax Theorems, Progress in Nonlinear Differential Equations and their Applications, 24. Birkhäuser Boston, Inc., Boston, MA, 1996. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4612-4146-1.
[41]	Q. Y. Zhang and Q. Wang, Multiple solutions for a class of sublinear Schrödinger equations, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 389 (2012), 511-518. doi: 10.1016/j.jmaa.2011.12.003.
[42]	Q. Y. Zhang and B. Xu, Multiplicity of solutions for a class of semilinear Schrödinger equations with sign-changing potential, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 377 (2011), 834-840. doi: 10.1016/j.jmaa.2010.11.059.
[43]	W. M. Zou, Variant fountain theorems and their applications, Manuscripta Math., 104 (2001), 343-358. doi: 10.1007/s002290170032.

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