Forward untangling and applications to the uniqueness problem for the continuity equation

Stefano Bianchini; Paolo Bonicatto

doi:10.3934/dcds.2020384

Article Contents

2021, Volume 41, Issue 6: 2739-2776. Doi: 10.3934/dcds.2020384

This issue Previous Article Non-autonomous stochastic evolution equations with nonlinear noise and nonlocal conditions governed by noncompact evolution families Next Article Homogenization for nonlocal problems with smooth kernels

Forward untangling and applications to the uniqueness problem for the continuity equation

Stefano Bianchini^1, and
Paolo Bonicatto^2, ,

1.
S.I.S.S.A., via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
2.
Departement Mathematik und Informatik, Universität Basel, Spiegelgasse 1, CH-4051, Basel, Switzerland

^* Corresponding author
^* Corresponding author

Received: April 30, 2020

Early access: November 2020

Published: June 2021

The work of the second author was supported by ERC Starting Grant 676675 (FLIRT)

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Abstract

We introduce the notion of forward untangled Lagrangian representation of a measure-divergence vector-measure $ \rho(1, {\mathit{\boldsymbol{b}}}) $, where $ \rho \in \mathcal{M}^+( \mathbb{R}^{d+1}) $ and $ {\mathit{\boldsymbol{b}}} \colon \mathbb{R}^{d+1} \to \mathbb{R}^d $ is a $ \rho $-integrable vector field with $ {\rm{div}}_{t,x}(\rho(1, {\mathit{\boldsymbol{b}}})) = \mu \in \mathcal M( \mathbb{R} \times \mathbb{R}^d) $: forward untangling formalizes the notion of forward uniqueness in the language of Lagrangian representations. We identify local conditions for a Lagrangian representation to be forward untangled, and we show how to derive global forward untangling from such local assumptions. We then show how to reduce the PDE $ {\rm{div}}_{t,x}(\rho(1, {\mathit{\boldsymbol{b}}})) = \mu $ on a partition of $ \mathbb{R}^+ \times \mathbb{R}^d $ obtained concatenating the curves seen by the Lagrangian representation. As an application, we recover known well posedeness results for the flow of monotone vector fields and for the associated continuity equation.

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Mathematics Subject Classification: 35F10, 35L03, 28A50, 35D30.

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Figure 1. Two curves $ \gamma,\gamma' $ with $ (\gamma, \gamma') \in NF $ and visual depiction of the exchanging map $ \tilde{\gamma}_{\gamma'} $

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Figure 2. Concatenated families of trajectories and an example of set $ F^t_x $

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