Refined construction of type II blow-up solutions for semilinear heat equations with Joseph–Lundgren supercritical nonlinearity

Asato Mukai; Yukihiro Seki

doi:10.3934/dcds.2021060

Article Contents

2021, Volume 41, Issue 10: 4847-4885. Doi: 10.3934/dcds.2021060

This issue Previous Article An approximation of forward self-similar solutions to the 3D Navier-Stokes system Next Article Multiple positive bound state solutions for a critical Choquard equation

Refined construction of type II blow-up solutions for semilinear heat equations with Joseph–Lundgren supercritical nonlinearity

Asato Mukai^1, and
Yukihiro Seki^2, ,

1.
3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8914, Japan
2.
3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan

^* Corresponding author
^* Corresponding author

Received: June 2020

Revised: December 2020

Early access: March 2021

Published: October 2021

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Abstract

We are concerned with blow-up mechanisms in a semilinear heat equation:

$ u_t = \Delta u + |x|^{2a} u^p , \quad x \in \textbf{R}^N , \, t>0, $

where $ p>1 $ and $ a>-1 $ are constants. As for the Fujita equation, which corresponds to $ a = 0 $, a well-known result due to M. A. Herrero and J. J. L. Velázquez, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Sér. I Math. (1994), states that if $ N\geq 11 $ and $ p> 1 + 4/(N-4-2\sqrt{N-1}) $, then there exist radial blow-up solutions $ u_{\ell, {\rm HV}}(x, t) $, $ \ell \in \bf{N} $, such that

$ \lim\limits_{t\to T} \left( T-t \right)^{1/(p-1)} \| u_{\ell, {\rm HV}}(\cdot, t) \|_{L^{\infty}(\textbf{R}^N )} = \infty, $

where $ T $ is the blow-up time. We revisit the idea of their construction and obtain refined estimates for such solutions by the techniques developed in recent works and elaborate estimates of the heat semigroup in backward similarity variables. Our method is naturally extended to the case $ a\not = 0 $. As a consequence, we obtain an example of solutions that blow up at $ x = 0 $, the zero point of potential $ |x|^{2a} $ with $ a>0 $, and behave in non-self-similar manner for $ N > 10 + 8a $. This last result is in contrast to backward self-similar solutions previously obtained for $ N < 10 + 8a $, which blow up at $ x = 0 $.

Keywords:

non-self-similar blow-up; matched asymptotic expansions; blow-up at zero point,
supercritical.

Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary: 35B44; 35C20; Secondary: 35K58.

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