Numerical study of blow-up in solutions to generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equations

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August 2014, 19(6): 1689-1717. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2014.19.1689

Numerical study of blow-up in solutions to generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equations

1.	Institut de Mathématiques de Bourgogne, Université de Bourgogne, 9 avenue Alain Savary, 21078 Dijon Cedex, France

Received December 2013 Revised March 2014 Published June 2014

Abstract
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We present a numerical study of solutions to the generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equations with critical and supercritical nonlinearity for localized initial data with a single minimum and single maximum. In the cases with blow-up, we use a dynamic rescaling to identify the type of the singularity. We present the first discussion of the observed blow-up scenarios. We show that the blow-up in solutions to the $L_{2}$ critical generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili I case is similar to what is known for the $L_{2}$ critical generalized Korteweg-de Vries equation. No blow-up is observed for solutions to the generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili II equations for $n\leq2$.

Keywords: blow-up, numerical approaches, Generalized Kadomtsev-Petviasvili equations, dynamic rescaling..

Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary: 35Q53, 35B44; Secondary: 35B65, 65M2.

Citation: Christian Klein, Ralf Peter. Numerical study of blow-up in solutions to generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equations. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2014, 19 (6) : 1689-1717. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2014.19.1689

References:

[1]	M. Ablowitz and A. Fokas, On the inverse scattering and direct linearizing transforms for the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation,, Phys. Lett. A, 94 (1983), 67. doi: 10.1016/0375-9601(83)90208-6. Google Scholar
[2]	M. Boiti, F. Pempinelli and A. K. Pogrebkov, Solutions of the KPI equation with smooth initial data,, Inverse Problems, 10 (1994), 505. doi: 10.1088/0266-5611/10/3/001. Google Scholar
[3]	J. L. Bona, V. A. Dougalis, O. A. Karakashian and W. R. McKinney, Computations of blow-up and decay for periodic solutions of the generalized Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers equation,, Appl. Num. Maths., 10 (1992), 335. doi: 10.1016/0168-9274(92)90049-J. Google Scholar
[4]	J. L. Bona, V. A. Dougalis, O. A. Karakashian and W. R. McKinney, Conservative, high-order numerical schemes for the generalized Korteweg-de Vries equation,, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A, 351 (1995), 107. doi: 10.1098/rsta.1995.0027. Google Scholar
[5]	S. M. Cox and P. C. Matthews, Exponential time differencing for stiff systems,, J. Comp. Phys., 176 (2002), 430. doi: 10.1006/jcph.2002.6995. Google Scholar
[6]	A. de Bouard and J.-C. Saut, Solitary waves of the generalized KP equations,, Ann. Inst. Henri Poincaré, 14 (1997), 211. doi: 10.1016/S0294-1449(97)80145-X. Google Scholar
[7]	A. de Bouard and J.-C. Saut, Symmetry and decay of the generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili solitary waves,, SIAM J. Math. Anal., 28 (1997), 1064. doi: 10.1137/S0036141096297662. Google Scholar
[8]	D. B. Dix and W. R. McKinney, Numerical computations of self-similar blow-up solutions of the generalized Korteweg-de Vries equations,, Differ. Integral Equ., 11 (1998), 679. Google Scholar
[9]	G. Falkovitch and S. Turitsyn, Stability of magnetoelastic solitons and self-focusing of sound in antiferromagnet,, Sov. Phys. JETP, 62 (1985), 146. Google Scholar
[10]	A. Fokas and L. Sung, The Cauchy problem for the KP I equation without the zero mass constraint,, Math. Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc., 125 (1999), 113. doi: 10.1017/S0305004198002850. Google Scholar
[11]	P. Gravejat, Asymptotics of the solitary waves for the generalised Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equations,, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst., 21 (2008), 835. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2008.21.835. Google Scholar
[12]	P. Guyenne, D. Lannes and J.-C. Saut, Well-posedness of the Cauchy problem for models of large amplitude internal waves,, Nonlinearity, 23 (2010), 237. doi: 10.1088/0951-7715/23/2/003. Google Scholar
[13]	M. Hochbruck and A. Ostermann, Exponential Runge-Kutta methods for semilinear parabolic problems,, SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 43 (2005), 1069. Google Scholar
[14]	B. B. Kadomtsev and V. I. Petviashvili, On the stability of solitary waves in weakly dispersing media,, Sov. Phys. Dokl., 15 (1970), 539. Google Scholar
[15]	A.-K. Kassam and L. N. Trefethen, Fourth order time-stepping for stiff pdes,, SIAM J. Sci. Comput., 26 (2005), 1214. doi: 10.1137/S1064827502410633. Google Scholar
[16]	C. Klein and R. Peter, Numerical study of blow-up in solutions to generalized Korteweg-de Vries equations,, Preprint available at: , (). Google Scholar
[17]	C. Klein and K. Roidot, Fourth order time-stepping for Kadomtsev-Petviashvili and Davey-Stewartson equations,, SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing, 33 (2011), 3333. doi: 10.1137/100816663. Google Scholar
[18]	C. Klein and J. Saut, Numerical study of blow up and stability of solutions of generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equations,, J. Nonl. Sci., 22 (2012), 763. doi: 10.1007/s00332-012-9127-4. Google Scholar
[19]	C. Klein, C. Sparber and P. Markowich, Numerical study of oscillatory regimes in the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation,, J. Nonl. Sci., 17 (2007), 429. doi: 10.1007/s00332-007-9001-y. Google Scholar
[20]	C. Klein, Fourth order time-stepping for low dispersion Korteweg-de Vries and nonlinear Schrödinger equations,, ETNA, 29 (): 116. Google Scholar
[21]	C. Klein and K. Roidot, Fourth order time-stepping for Kadomtsev-Petviashvili and Davey-Stewardson equations,, SIAM J. Sci. Comput., 33 (2011), 3333. doi: 10.1137/100816663. Google Scholar
[22]	J. C. Lagarias, J. A. Reeds, M. H. Wright and P. E. Wright, Convergence properties of the Nelder-Mead simplex method in low dimensions,, SIAM Journal of Optimization, 9 (1999), 112. doi: 10.1137/S1052623496303470. Google Scholar
[23]	Y. Liu, Blow-up and instability of solitary-wave solutions to a generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation,, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc., 353 (2001), 191. doi: 10.1090/S0002-9947-00-02465-X. Google Scholar
[24]	S. Manakov, V. Zakharov, L. Bordag and V. Matveev, Two-dimensional solitons of the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation and their interaction,, Phys. Lett. A, 63 (1977), 205. doi: 10.1016/0375-9601(77)90875-1. Google Scholar
[25]	Y. Martel, F. Merle and P. Raphaël, Blow up for the critical gKdV equation I: Dynamics near the solition,, Preprint available at: , (). Google Scholar
[26]	L. Molinet, J. C. Saut and N. Tzvetkov, Remarks on the mass constraint for KP type equations,, SIAM J. Math. Anal., 39 (2007), 627. doi: 10.1137/060654256. Google Scholar
[27]	T. Schmelzer, The Fast Evaluation of Matrix Functions for Exponential Integrators,, PhD thesis, (2007). Google Scholar

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References:

[1]	M. Ablowitz and A. Fokas, On the inverse scattering and direct linearizing transforms for the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation,, Phys. Lett. A, 94 (1983), 67. doi: 10.1016/0375-9601(83)90208-6. Google Scholar
[2]	M. Boiti, F. Pempinelli and A. K. Pogrebkov, Solutions of the KPI equation with smooth initial data,, Inverse Problems, 10 (1994), 505. doi: 10.1088/0266-5611/10/3/001. Google Scholar
[3]	J. L. Bona, V. A. Dougalis, O. A. Karakashian and W. R. McKinney, Computations of blow-up and decay for periodic solutions of the generalized Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers equation,, Appl. Num. Maths., 10 (1992), 335. doi: 10.1016/0168-9274(92)90049-J. Google Scholar
[4]	J. L. Bona, V. A. Dougalis, O. A. Karakashian and W. R. McKinney, Conservative, high-order numerical schemes for the generalized Korteweg-de Vries equation,, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A, 351 (1995), 107. doi: 10.1098/rsta.1995.0027. Google Scholar
[5]	S. M. Cox and P. C. Matthews, Exponential time differencing for stiff systems,, J. Comp. Phys., 176 (2002), 430. doi: 10.1006/jcph.2002.6995. Google Scholar
[6]	A. de Bouard and J.-C. Saut, Solitary waves of the generalized KP equations,, Ann. Inst. Henri Poincaré, 14 (1997), 211. doi: 10.1016/S0294-1449(97)80145-X. Google Scholar
[7]	A. de Bouard and J.-C. Saut, Symmetry and decay of the generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili solitary waves,, SIAM J. Math. Anal., 28 (1997), 1064. doi: 10.1137/S0036141096297662. Google Scholar
[8]	D. B. Dix and W. R. McKinney, Numerical computations of self-similar blow-up solutions of the generalized Korteweg-de Vries equations,, Differ. Integral Equ., 11 (1998), 679. Google Scholar
[9]	G. Falkovitch and S. Turitsyn, Stability of magnetoelastic solitons and self-focusing of sound in antiferromagnet,, Sov. Phys. JETP, 62 (1985), 146. Google Scholar
[10]	A. Fokas and L. Sung, The Cauchy problem for the KP I equation without the zero mass constraint,, Math. Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc., 125 (1999), 113. doi: 10.1017/S0305004198002850. Google Scholar
[11]	P. Gravejat, Asymptotics of the solitary waves for the generalised Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equations,, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst., 21 (2008), 835. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2008.21.835. Google Scholar
[12]	P. Guyenne, D. Lannes and J.-C. Saut, Well-posedness of the Cauchy problem for models of large amplitude internal waves,, Nonlinearity, 23 (2010), 237. doi: 10.1088/0951-7715/23/2/003. Google Scholar
[13]	M. Hochbruck and A. Ostermann, Exponential Runge-Kutta methods for semilinear parabolic problems,, SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 43 (2005), 1069. Google Scholar
[14]	B. B. Kadomtsev and V. I. Petviashvili, On the stability of solitary waves in weakly dispersing media,, Sov. Phys. Dokl., 15 (1970), 539. Google Scholar
[15]	A.-K. Kassam and L. N. Trefethen, Fourth order time-stepping for stiff pdes,, SIAM J. Sci. Comput., 26 (2005), 1214. doi: 10.1137/S1064827502410633. Google Scholar
[16]	C. Klein and R. Peter, Numerical study of blow-up in solutions to generalized Korteweg-de Vries equations,, Preprint available at: , (). Google Scholar
[17]	C. Klein and K. Roidot, Fourth order time-stepping for Kadomtsev-Petviashvili and Davey-Stewartson equations,, SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing, 33 (2011), 3333. doi: 10.1137/100816663. Google Scholar
[18]	C. Klein and J. Saut, Numerical study of blow up and stability of solutions of generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equations,, J. Nonl. Sci., 22 (2012), 763. doi: 10.1007/s00332-012-9127-4. Google Scholar
[19]	C. Klein, C. Sparber and P. Markowich, Numerical study of oscillatory regimes in the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation,, J. Nonl. Sci., 17 (2007), 429. doi: 10.1007/s00332-007-9001-y. Google Scholar
[20]	C. Klein, Fourth order time-stepping for low dispersion Korteweg-de Vries and nonlinear Schrödinger equations,, ETNA, 29 (): 116. Google Scholar
[21]	C. Klein and K. Roidot, Fourth order time-stepping for Kadomtsev-Petviashvili and Davey-Stewardson equations,, SIAM J. Sci. Comput., 33 (2011), 3333. doi: 10.1137/100816663. Google Scholar
[22]	J. C. Lagarias, J. A. Reeds, M. H. Wright and P. E. Wright, Convergence properties of the Nelder-Mead simplex method in low dimensions,, SIAM Journal of Optimization, 9 (1999), 112. doi: 10.1137/S1052623496303470. Google Scholar
[23]	Y. Liu, Blow-up and instability of solitary-wave solutions to a generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation,, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc., 353 (2001), 191. doi: 10.1090/S0002-9947-00-02465-X. Google Scholar
[24]	S. Manakov, V. Zakharov, L. Bordag and V. Matveev, Two-dimensional solitons of the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation and their interaction,, Phys. Lett. A, 63 (1977), 205. doi: 10.1016/0375-9601(77)90875-1. Google Scholar
[25]	Y. Martel, F. Merle and P. Raphaël, Blow up for the critical gKdV equation I: Dynamics near the solition,, Preprint available at: , (). Google Scholar
[26]	L. Molinet, J. C. Saut and N. Tzvetkov, Remarks on the mass constraint for KP type equations,, SIAM J. Math. Anal., 39 (2007), 627. doi: 10.1137/060654256. Google Scholar
[27]	T. Schmelzer, The Fast Evaluation of Matrix Functions for Exponential Integrators,, PhD thesis, (2007). Google Scholar

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