Spreading speeds and traveling wave solutions in a competitive reaction-diffusion model for species persistence in a stream

Bingtuan Li; William F. Fagan; Garrett Otto; Chunwei Wang

doi:10.3934/dcdsb.2014.19.3267

Article Contents

2014, Volume 19, Issue 10: 3267-3281. Doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2014.19.3267

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Spreading speeds and traveling wave solutions in a competitive reaction-diffusion model for species persistence in a stream

1.
Department of Mathematics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292
2.
Department of Biology, The University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742

Received: June 30, 2013

Revised: January 31, 2014

Published: November 2014

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Abstract

We propose a reaction-advection-diffusion model to study competition between two species in a stream. We divide each species into two compartments, individuals inhabiting the benthos and individuals drifting in the stream. We assume that the growth of and competitive interactions between the populations take place on the benthos and that dispersal occurs in the stream. Our system consists of two linear reaction-advection-diffusion equations and two ordinary differential equations. Here, we provide a thorough study for the corresponding single species model, which has been previously proposed. We next give formulas for the rightward spreading and leftward spreading speed for the model. We show that rightward spreading speed can be characterized as is the slowest speed of a class of traveling wave speeds. We provide sharp conditions for the spreading speeds to be positive. For the two species competition model, we investigate how a species spreads into its competitor's environment. Formulas for the spreading speeds are provided under linear determinacy conditions. We demonstrate that under certain conditions, the invading species can spread upstream. Lastly, we study the existence of traveling wave solutions for the two species competition model.

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Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary: 34C05, 34D20; Secondary: 92D45.

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