Entropy determination based on the ordinal structure of a dynamical system

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December 2015, 20(10): 3507-3524. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2015.20.3507

Entropy determination based on the ordinal structure of a dynamical system

Karsten Keller ^1, , Sergiy Maksymenko ^2, and Inga Stolz ^3,

1.	Universität zu Lübeck, Institut für Mathematik, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck
2.	Institute of Mathematics of NAS of Ukraine, Tereshchenkivs'ka str., 3, 01601 Kyiv
3.	Universität zu Lübeck, Institut für Mathematik, Ratzeburger Allee 160, Lübeck, 23562, Germany

Received December 2014 Revised February 2015 Published September 2015

Abstract
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The ordinal approach to evaluate time series due to innovative works of Bandt and Pompe has increasingly established itself among other techniques of nonlinear time series analysis. In this paper, we summarize and generalize the theory of determining the Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy of a measure-preserving dynamical system via increasing sequences of order generated partitions of the state space. Our main focus are measuring processes without information loss. Particularly, we consider the question of the minimal necessary number of measurements related to the properties of a given dynamical system.

Keywords: Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy, algebra reconstruction dimension., permutation entropy, ordinal time series analysis.

Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary: 37A35, 28D05; Secondary: 37M1.

Citation: Karsten Keller, Sergiy Maksymenko, Inga Stolz. Entropy determination based on the ordinal structure of a dynamical system. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2015, 20 (10) : 3507-3524. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2015.20.3507

References:

[1]	J. M. Amigó, K. Keller and V. A. Unakafova, Ordinal symbolic analysis and its application to biomedical recordings,, Philosophical Transactions Royal Society A, 373 (2015). Google Scholar
[2]	J. M. Amigó, K. Keller and J. Kurths (eds.), Recent progess in symbolic dynamics and permutation complexity. Ten years of permutation entropy,, The European Physical Journal Special Topics, 222 (2013), 241. Google Scholar
[3]	J. M. Amigó, The equality of Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy and metric permutation entropy generalized,, Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena, 241 (2012), 789. doi: 10.1016/j.physd.2012.01.004. Google Scholar
[4]	J. M. Amigó, Permutation Complexity in Dynamical Systems: Ordinal Patterns, Permutation Entropy and All That,, Springer Series in Synergetics, (2010). doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-04084-9. Google Scholar
[5]	J. M. Amigó, M. B. Kennel and L. Kocarev, The permutation entropy rate equals the metric entropy rate for ergodic information sources and ergodic dynamical systems,, Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena, 210 (2005), 77. doi: 10.1016/j.physd.2005.07.006. Google Scholar
[6]	A. Antoniouk, K. Keller and S. Maksymenko, Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy via separation properties of order-generated sigma-algebras,, Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems - A, 34 (2014), 1793. Google Scholar
[7]	C. Bandt, G. Keller and B. Pompe, Entropy of interval maps via permutations,, Nonlinearity, 15 (2002), 1595. doi: 10.1088/0951-7715/15/5/312. Google Scholar
[8]	C. Bandt and B. Pompe, Permutation entropy: A natural complexity measure for time series,, Physical Review Letters, 88 (2002). Google Scholar
[9]	M. Einsiedler, E. Lindenstrauss and T. Ward, Entropy in ergodic theory and homogeneous dynamics,, unpublished, (2014). Google Scholar
[10]	M. Einsiedler and T. Ward, Ergodic Theory With a View Towards Number Theory,, Graduate Texts in Mathematics, (2010). Google Scholar
[11]	W. Hurewicz and H. Wallman, Dimension Theory,, Princeton Mathematical Series, (1941). Google Scholar
[12]	A. S. Kechris, Classical Descriptive Set Theory,, Graduate Texts in Mathematics, (1995). doi: 10.1007/978-1-4612-4190-4. Google Scholar
[13]	K. Keller, Permutations and the Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy,, Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems - A, 32 (2012), 891. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2012.32.891. Google Scholar
[14]	K. Keller and M. Sinn, Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy from the ordinal viewpoint,, Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena, 239 (2010), 997. doi: 10.1016/j.physd.2010.02.006. Google Scholar
[15]	K. Keller and M. Sinn, A standardized approach to the Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy,, Nonlinearity, 22 (2009), 2417. doi: 10.1088/0951-7715/22/10/006. Google Scholar
[16]	K. Keller, M. Sinn and J. Emonds, Time series from the ordinal viewpoint,, Stochastics and Dynamics, 7 (2007), 247. doi: 10.1142/S0219493707002025. Google Scholar
[17]	K. Keller, A. M. Unakafov and V. A. Unakafova, On the relation of KS entropy and permutation entropy,, Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena, 241 (2012), 1477. doi: 10.1016/j.physd.2012.05.010. Google Scholar
[18]	W. Krieger, On entropy and generators of measure-preserving transformations,, Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 149 (1970), 453. doi: 10.1090/S0002-9947-1970-0259068-3. Google Scholar
[19]	W. Parry, Generators and strong generators in ergodic theory,, Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, 72 (1966), 294. doi: 10.1090/S0002-9904-1966-11498-2. Google Scholar
[20]	M. Riedl, A. Müller and N. Wessel, Practical considerations of permutation entropy; a tutorial review,, The European Physical Journal Special Topics, 222 (2013), 249. Google Scholar
[21]	V. A. Rohlin, Exact endomorphisms of a Lebesgue space,, Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR Seriya Matematicheskaya, 25 (1961), 499. Google Scholar
[22]	T. Sauer, J. A. Yorke and M. Casdagli, Embeddology,, Journal of Statistical Physics, 65 (1991), 579. doi: 10.1007/BF01053745. Google Scholar
[23]	F. Takens, Detecting strange attractors in turbulence,, in Dynamical Systems and Turbulence* (eds. D. A. Rand and L. S. Young)*, (1981), 366. Google Scholar
[24]	A. M. Unakafov and K. Keller, Conditional entropy of ordinal patterns,, Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena, 269 (2014), 94. doi: 10.1016/j.physd.2013.11.015. Google Scholar
[25]	V. A. Unakafova and K. Keller, Efficiently measuring complexity on the basis of real-world data,, Entropy, 15 (2013), 4392. doi: 10.3390/e15104392. Google Scholar
[26]	V. A. Unakafova, A. M. Unakafov and K. Keller, An approach to comparing Kolmogorov-Sinai and permutation entropy,, The European Physical Journal Special Topics, 222 (2013), 353. doi: 10.1140/epjst/e2013-01846-7. Google Scholar
[27]	P. Walters, An Introduction to Ergodic Theory,, Graduate Texts in Mathematics, (2000). doi: 10.1007/978-1-4612-5775-2. Google Scholar
[28]	M. Zanin, L. Zunino, O. A. Rosso and D. Papo, Permutation entropy and its main biomedical and econophysics applications: A review,, Entropy, 14 (2012), 1553. doi: 10.3390/e14081553. Google Scholar

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References:

[1]	J. M. Amigó, K. Keller and V. A. Unakafova, Ordinal symbolic analysis and its application to biomedical recordings,, Philosophical Transactions Royal Society A, 373 (2015). Google Scholar
[2]	J. M. Amigó, K. Keller and J. Kurths (eds.), Recent progess in symbolic dynamics and permutation complexity. Ten years of permutation entropy,, The European Physical Journal Special Topics, 222 (2013), 241. Google Scholar
[3]	J. M. Amigó, The equality of Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy and metric permutation entropy generalized,, Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena, 241 (2012), 789. doi: 10.1016/j.physd.2012.01.004. Google Scholar
[4]	J. M. Amigó, Permutation Complexity in Dynamical Systems: Ordinal Patterns, Permutation Entropy and All That,, Springer Series in Synergetics, (2010). doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-04084-9. Google Scholar
[5]	J. M. Amigó, M. B. Kennel and L. Kocarev, The permutation entropy rate equals the metric entropy rate for ergodic information sources and ergodic dynamical systems,, Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena, 210 (2005), 77. doi: 10.1016/j.physd.2005.07.006. Google Scholar
[6]	A. Antoniouk, K. Keller and S. Maksymenko, Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy via separation properties of order-generated sigma-algebras,, Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems - A, 34 (2014), 1793. Google Scholar
[7]	C. Bandt, G. Keller and B. Pompe, Entropy of interval maps via permutations,, Nonlinearity, 15 (2002), 1595. doi: 10.1088/0951-7715/15/5/312. Google Scholar
[8]	C. Bandt and B. Pompe, Permutation entropy: A natural complexity measure for time series,, Physical Review Letters, 88 (2002). Google Scholar
[9]	M. Einsiedler, E. Lindenstrauss and T. Ward, Entropy in ergodic theory and homogeneous dynamics,, unpublished, (2014). Google Scholar
[10]	M. Einsiedler and T. Ward, Ergodic Theory With a View Towards Number Theory,, Graduate Texts in Mathematics, (2010). Google Scholar
[11]	W. Hurewicz and H. Wallman, Dimension Theory,, Princeton Mathematical Series, (1941). Google Scholar
[12]	A. S. Kechris, Classical Descriptive Set Theory,, Graduate Texts in Mathematics, (1995). doi: 10.1007/978-1-4612-4190-4. Google Scholar
[13]	K. Keller, Permutations and the Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy,, Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems - A, 32 (2012), 891. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2012.32.891. Google Scholar
[14]	K. Keller and M. Sinn, Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy from the ordinal viewpoint,, Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena, 239 (2010), 997. doi: 10.1016/j.physd.2010.02.006. Google Scholar
[15]	K. Keller and M. Sinn, A standardized approach to the Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy,, Nonlinearity, 22 (2009), 2417. doi: 10.1088/0951-7715/22/10/006. Google Scholar
[16]	K. Keller, M. Sinn and J. Emonds, Time series from the ordinal viewpoint,, Stochastics and Dynamics, 7 (2007), 247. doi: 10.1142/S0219493707002025. Google Scholar
[17]	K. Keller, A. M. Unakafov and V. A. Unakafova, On the relation of KS entropy and permutation entropy,, Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena, 241 (2012), 1477. doi: 10.1016/j.physd.2012.05.010. Google Scholar
[18]	W. Krieger, On entropy and generators of measure-preserving transformations,, Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 149 (1970), 453. doi: 10.1090/S0002-9947-1970-0259068-3. Google Scholar
[19]	W. Parry, Generators and strong generators in ergodic theory,, Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, 72 (1966), 294. doi: 10.1090/S0002-9904-1966-11498-2. Google Scholar
[20]	M. Riedl, A. Müller and N. Wessel, Practical considerations of permutation entropy; a tutorial review,, The European Physical Journal Special Topics, 222 (2013), 249. Google Scholar
[21]	V. A. Rohlin, Exact endomorphisms of a Lebesgue space,, Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR Seriya Matematicheskaya, 25 (1961), 499. Google Scholar
[22]	T. Sauer, J. A. Yorke and M. Casdagli, Embeddology,, Journal of Statistical Physics, 65 (1991), 579. doi: 10.1007/BF01053745. Google Scholar
[23]	F. Takens, Detecting strange attractors in turbulence,, in Dynamical Systems and Turbulence* (eds. D. A. Rand and L. S. Young)*, (1981), 366. Google Scholar
[24]	A. M. Unakafov and K. Keller, Conditional entropy of ordinal patterns,, Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena, 269 (2014), 94. doi: 10.1016/j.physd.2013.11.015. Google Scholar
[25]	V. A. Unakafova and K. Keller, Efficiently measuring complexity on the basis of real-world data,, Entropy, 15 (2013), 4392. doi: 10.3390/e15104392. Google Scholar
[26]	V. A. Unakafova, A. M. Unakafov and K. Keller, An approach to comparing Kolmogorov-Sinai and permutation entropy,, The European Physical Journal Special Topics, 222 (2013), 353. doi: 10.1140/epjst/e2013-01846-7. Google Scholar
[27]	P. Walters, An Introduction to Ergodic Theory,, Graduate Texts in Mathematics, (2000). doi: 10.1007/978-1-4612-5775-2. Google Scholar
[28]	M. Zanin, L. Zunino, O. A. Rosso and D. Papo, Permutation entropy and its main biomedical and econophysics applications: A review,, Entropy, 14 (2012), 1553. doi: 10.3390/e14081553. Google Scholar

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