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High order Gauss-Seidel schemes for charged particle dynamics

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  • Gauss-Seidel projection methods are designed for achieving desirable long-term computational efficiency and reliability in micromagnetics simulations. While conventional Gauss-Seidel schemes are explicit, easy to use and furnish a better stability as compared to Euler's method, their order of accuracy is only one. This paper proposes an improved Gauss-Seidel methodology for particle simulations of magnetized plasmas. A novel new class of high order schemes are implemented via composition strategies. The new algorithms acquired are not only explicit and symmetric, but also volume-preserving together with their adjoint schemes. They are highly favorable for long-term computations. The new high order schemes are then utilized for simulating charged particle motions under the Lorentz force. Our experiments indicate a remarkable satisfaction of the energy preservation and angular momentum conservation of the numerical methods in multi-scale plasma dynamics computations.

    Mathematics Subject Classification: 60E10, 60J10, 60J27, 60J35.

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  • Figure 1.  The fourth order explicit method $RK4$ is applied to the simple 2D dynamics with step size $h = \pi/10$. (a): The orbit in the first $2691$ steps. (b): The orbit after $2.7\times10^{5}$ steps. (c): Energy error $H^{n}-H^{0}$. (d): Angular momentum error $p_{\xi}^{n}-p_{\xi}^{0}$

    Figure 2.  Numerical orbits of the symmetric and volume-preserving methods with time step $h = \pi/10$. (a): The orbit after $5\times10^{5}$ steps by the second order method. (b): The orbit after $2.5\times10^{5}$ steps by the fourth order method

    Figure 3.  Convergence rates of numerical solutions by the methods $GS_{h}^{2}$, $\tilde{G}_{h}^{2}$, $GS_{h}^{4}$ and $G_{h}^{4}$

    Figure 4.  Left: The errors of the energy. Right: The errors of the angular momentum

    Figure 5.  Relative errors of the energy $H$ and the angular momentum $p_{\xi}$ as a function of time $t\equiv nh$. The step size is $h = \pi/10$, and the integration time interval is $[0, 10^{5}h]$

    Figure 6.  Numerical orbits. (a): Banana orbit by the $RK4$. (b): Transit orbit by the $RK4$. (c): Banana orbit by the volume-preserving methods. (d): Transit orbit by the volume-preserving methods. The step size is $h = \pi/10$, and the integration time interval is $[0, 5\times10^{5}h]$

    Figure 7.  Relative errors of the energy $H$ and the angular momentum $p_{\xi}$ as a function of time $t\equiv nh$. The step size is $h = \pi/10$, and the integration time interval is $[0, 5\times10^{5}h]$

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