Pullback attractors for bi-spatial continuous random dynamical systems and application to stochastic fractional power dissipative equation on an unbounded domain

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July 2019, 24(7): 3395-3438. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2018326

Pullback attractors for bi-spatial continuous random dynamical systems and application to stochastic fractional power dissipative equation on an unbounded domain

Wenqiang Zhao

School of Mathematics and Statistics, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China

Received May 2018 Revised July 2018 Published January 2019

Fund Project: The author is supported by NSF grant 11601046, CTBU Grant 1751041 and Chongqing key laboratory of social economy and applied statistics

In this article, a notion of bi-spatial continuous random dynamical system is introduced between two completely separable metric spaces. It is show that roughly speaking, if such a random dynamical system is asymptotically compact and random absorbing in the initial space, then it admits a bi-spatial pullback attractor which is measurable in two spaces. The measurability of pullback attractor in the regular spaces is completely solved theoretically. As applications, we study the dynamical behaviour of solutions of the non-autonomous stochastic fractional power dissipative equation on $ \mathbb{R}^N $ with additive white noise and a polynomial-like growth nonlinearity of order $ p, p\geq2 $. We prove that this equation generates a bi-spatial $ (L^2(\mathbb{R}^N), H^s(\mathbb{R}^N)\cap L^p(\mathbb{R}^N)) $-continuous random dynamical system, and the random dynamics for this system is captured by a bi-spatial pullback attractor which is compact and attracting in $ H^s(\mathbb{R}^N)\cap L^p(\mathbb{R}^N) $, where $ H^s(\mathbb{R}^N) $ is a fractional Sobolev space with $ s\in(0,1) $. Especially, the measurability of pullback attractor is individually derived by proving the the continuity of solutions in $ H^s(\mathbb{R}^N) $ and $ L^p(\mathbb{R}^N) $ with respect to the sample. A difference estimates approach, rather than the usual truncation estimate and spectral decomposition technique, is employed to overcome the loss of Sobolev compact embedding in $ H^s(\mathbb{R}^N)\cap L^p(\mathbb{R}^N),s\in(0,1),N\geq1 $.

Keywords: Bi-spatial continuous random dynamical system, fractional power dissipative equation, fractional Sobolev space, pullback attractor, measurability.

Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary: 35R60, 35B40, 35B41; Secondary: 35B65.

Citation: Wenqiang Zhao. Pullback attractors for bi-spatial continuous random dynamical systems and application to stochastic fractional power dissipative equation on an unbounded domain. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2019, 24 (7) : 3395-3438. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2018326

References:

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References:

[1]	L. Arnold, Random Dynamical Systems, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 1998. doi: 10.1007/BFb0095238. Google Scholar
[2]	L. Arnold and B. Schmalfuss, Fixed points and attractors for random dynamical systems, in Advances in Nonlinear Stochastic Mechanics(eds. A. Naess and S. Krenk), Solid Mech. Appl. vol. 47, Kluwer Acad. Publ. Dordrecht, (1996), 19-28. doi: 10.1007/978-94-009-0321-0_3. Google Scholar
[3]	J. P. Aubin and H. Frankowska, Set-Valued Analysis, Springer, Boston, 1990. doi: 10.1007/978-0-8176-4848-0. Google Scholar
[4]	A. V. Babin and M. I. Vishik, Attractors of Evolution Equations, North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1992. Google Scholar
[5]	T. Bartsch and Z. Liu, On a supperlinear elliptic p-Laplacian equation, J. Differential Equations, 198 (2004), 149-175. doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2003.08.001. Google Scholar
[6]	P. W. Bates, K. Lu and B. Wang, Attractors of non-autonomous stochastic lattice systems in weighted spaces, Physica D, 289 (2014), 32-50. doi: 10.1016/j.physd.2014.08.004. Google Scholar
[7]	D. Cao, C. Sun and M. Yang, Dynamics for a stochastic reaction-diffusion equation with additive noise, J. Differential Equations, 259 (2015), 838-872. doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2015.02.020. Google Scholar
[8]	T. Caraballo, M. J. Garrido-Atienza, B. Schmalfuß and J. Valero, Nonautonomous and random attractors for delay random semilinear equations without uniqueness, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst., 21 (2008), 415-443. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2008.21.415. Google Scholar
[9]	T. Caraballo, M. J. Garrido-Atienza, B. Schmalfuß and J. Valero, Asymptotic behaviour of a stochastic semilinear dissipative functional equation without uniqueness of solutions, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst., 14 (2010), 439-455. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2010.14.439. Google Scholar
[10]	T. Caraballo, F. Morillas and J. Valero, Random attractors for stochastic lattice systems with non-Lipschitz nonlinearity, J. Difference. Equ. Appl., 17 (2011), 161-184. doi: 10.1080/10236198.2010.549010. Google Scholar
[11]	A. N. Carvalho, J. A. Langa and J. C. Robinson, Attractors for Infinite-Dimensional Non-autonomous Dynamical Systems, Appl. Math. Sciences, 184, Springer, 2013. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-4581-4. Google Scholar
[12]	C. Castaing and M. Valadier, Convex Analysis and Measurable Multifunctions, Lecture Notes in Mathematics, 580, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1977. Google Scholar
[13]	I. Chueshov, Monotone Random Systems Theory and Applications, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2002. doi: 10.1007/b83277. Google Scholar
[14]	H. Crauel and F. Flandoli, Attracors for random dynamical systems, Probab. Theory Related Fields, 100 (1994), 365-393. doi: 10.1007/BF01193705. Google Scholar
[15]	H. Crauel, A. Debussche and F. Flandoli, Random attractors, J. Dyn. Differ. Equ., 9 (1997), 307-341. doi: 10.1007/BF02219225. Google Scholar
[16]	H. Crauel and P. E. Kloeden, Nonautonomous and random attractors, Jahresber. Dtsch. Math. Ver., 117 (2015), 173-206. doi: 10.1365/s13291-015-0115-0. Google Scholar
[17]	E. Di Nezza, G. Palatucci and E. Valdinoci, Hitchhiker's guide to the fractional Sobolev spaces, Bull. Sci. Math., 136 (2012), 521-573. doi: 10.1016/j.bulsci.2011.12.004. Google Scholar
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[19]	F. Flandoli and B. Schmalfuß, Random attractors for the 3D stochastic Navier-Stokes equation with multiplicative noise, Stoch. Stoch. Rep., 59 (1996), 21-45. doi: 10.1080/17442509608834083. Google Scholar
[20]	R. K. Getoor, First passage times for symmetric stable processes in space, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc., 101 (1961), 75-90. doi: 10.1090/S0002-9947-1961-0137148-5. Google Scholar
[21]	A. Gu, D. Li, B. Wang and H. Yang, Regularity of random attractors for fractional stochastic reaction-diffusion equations on Rⁿ, J. Differential Equations, 264 (2018), 7094-7137. doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2018.02.011. Google Scholar
[22]	S. Hu and N. S. Papageorgiou, Handbook of Multivalued Analysis, Vol. Ⅰ, volume 419 of Mathematics and its Applications, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1997. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4615-6359-4. Google Scholar
[23]	P. E. Kloeden and T. Lorenz, Pullback and forward attractors of nonautonomous difference equations, in, Difference equations, discrete dynamical systems and applications (eds. M. Bohner, Y. Ding and O. Dosly), Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, 150 (2015), 37-48. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-24747-2_3. Google Scholar
[24]	P. E. Kloeden and T. Lorenz, Construction of nonautonomous forward attractors, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc., 144 (2016), 259-268. doi: 10.1090/proc/12735. Google Scholar
[25]	P. E. Kloeden and M. Yang, Forward attraction in nonautonomous difference equations, J. Difference. Equ. Appl., 22 (2016), 513-525. doi: 10.1080/10236198.2015.1107550. Google Scholar
[26]	A. Krause and B. Wang, Pullback attractors of non-autonomous stochastic degenerate parabolic equations on unbounded domains, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 417 (2014), 1018-1038. doi: 10.1016/j.jmaa.2014.03.037. Google Scholar
[27]	N. S. Landkof, Foundations of Modern Potential Theory (Translated from the Russian by A. P. Doohovskoy), Die Grundlehren der mathematischen Wissenschaften, vol.180, Springer-Verlag, NewYork-Heidelberg, 1972. Google Scholar
[28]	L. Li, J. Sun and S. Tersian, Infinitely many sign-changing solutions for the Brézis-Nirenberg problem involving the fractional Laplacian, Fract. Calc. Appl. Anal., 20 (2017), 1146-1164. doi: 10.1515/fca-2017-0061. Google Scholar
[29]	Y. Li and J. Yin, A modified proof of pullback attractors in a Sobolev space for stochastic FitzHugh-Nagumo equations, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. Ser. B, 21 (2016), 1203-1223. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2016.21.1203. Google Scholar
[30]	Y. Li and B. Guo, Random attractors for quasi-continuous random dynamical systems and applications to stochastic reaction-diffusion equations, J. Differential Equations, 245 (2008), 1775-1800. doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2008.06.031. Google Scholar
[31]	Y. Li, A. Gu and J. Li, Existences and continuity of bi-spatial random attractors and application to stochasitic semilinear Laplacian equations, J. Differential Equations, 258 (2015), 504-534. doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2014.09.021. Google Scholar
[32]	H. Lu, P. W. Bates, J. Xin and M. Zhang, Asymptotic behavior of stochastic fractional power dissipative equations on Rⁿ, Nonlinear Anal., 128 (2015), 176-198. doi: 10.1016/j.na.2015.06.033. Google Scholar
[33]	H. Lu, P. W. Bates, S. Lu and M. Zhang, Dynamics of the 3D fractional Ginzburg-Landau equation with multiplicative noise on an unbounded domain, Commun. Math. Sci., 14 (2016), 273-295. doi: 10.4310/CMS.2016.v14.n1.a11. Google Scholar
[34]	H. Lu, P. W. Bates, S. Lu and M. Zhang, Dynamics of 3D fractional complex Ginzburg-Landau equation, J. Differential Equations, 259 (2015), 5276-5301. doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2015.06.028. Google Scholar
[35]	R. Metzler and J. Klafter, The random walk's guide to anomalous diffusion: a fractional dynamics approach, Phys. Rep., 339 (2000), 1-77. doi: 10.1016/S0370-1573(00)00070-3. Google Scholar
[36]	J. C. Robinson, Infinite-Dimensional Dyanmical Systems: An Introduction to Dissipative Parabolic PDEs and the Theory of Global Attractors, Cambridge University Press, 2001. doi: 10.1007/978-94-010-0732-0. Google Scholar
[37]	B. Schmalfuß, Backward cocycle and attractors of stochastic differential equations, in International Seminar on Applied Mathematics-Nonlinear Dynamics: Attractor Approximation and Global Behavior (eds. V. Reitmann, T. Riedrich and N. Koksch), Technische Universität, Dresden, (1992), 185-192.Google Scholar
[38]	B. Schmalfuß, Attractors for the nonautonomous dynamical systems, in International Conference on Differential Equations (eds. B. Fiedler, K. Gröger and J. Sprekels), World Sci. Publishing, Singapore, (2000), 684-690. Google Scholar
[39]	E. M. Stein, Singular Integrals and Differentiability Properties of Functions, Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, NY, 1970. Google Scholar
[40]	P. R. Stinga and J. L. Torrea, Extension problem and Harnack's inequality for some fractional operators, Comm. Partial Differential Equations, 35 (2010), 2092-2122. doi: 10.1080/03605301003735680. Google Scholar
[41]	B. Q. Tang, Regularity of pullback random attractors for stochasitic FitzHugh-Nagumo system on unbounded domains, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. Ser. A, 35 (2015), 441-466. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2015.35.441. Google Scholar
[42]	R. Temam, Infinite-Dimensional Dynamical Systems in Mechanics and Physics, Second Edition, Springer, New York, 1997. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4612-0645-3. Google Scholar
[43]	B. Wang, Random attractors for non-autonomous stochastic wave euqations with multiplicative noises, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst., 34 (2014), 269-330. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2014.34.269. Google Scholar
[44]	B. Wang, Suffcient and necessary criteria for existence of pullback attractors for non-compact random dynamical systems, J. Differential Equations, 253 (2012), 1544-1583. doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2012.05.015. Google Scholar
[45]	B. Wang, Multivalued non-autonomous random dynamical systems for wave equations without uniqueness, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. Ser. B, 22 (2017), 2011-2051. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2017119. Google Scholar
[46]	B. Wang, Asymptotic behavior of non-autonomous fractional stochastic reaction-diffusion equations, Nonlinear Anal., 158 (2017), 60-82. doi: 10.1016/j.na.2017.04.006. Google Scholar
[47]	Y. Wang and J. Wang, Pullback attractors for multi-valued non-compact random dynamcal systems generated by reaction-diffusion equations on an unbounded domain, J. Differential Equations, 259 (2015), 728-776. doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2015.02.026. Google Scholar
[48]	Z. Wang and S. Zhou, Random attractors for non-autonomous stochastic lattice FitzHugh-Nagumo systems with random coupled coefficients, Taiwanese J. Math., 20 (2016), 589-616. doi: 10.11650/tjm.20.2016.6699. Google Scholar
[49]	J. Yin and Y. Li, Two types of upper semi-continuity of bi-spatial attractors for non-autonomous stochastic p-Laplacian equations on R^N, Math. Meth. Appl. Sci., 40 (2017), 4863-4879. Google Scholar
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