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doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2020366

The effect of surface pattern property on the advancing motion of three-dimensional droplets

Hua Zhong 1, , Xiaolin Fan 2, and  Shuyu Sun 3,,

1. 

School of Mathematics and Statistics, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
2. 

School of Mathematical Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
3. 

Computational Transport Phenomena Laboratory, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia

* Corresponding author

Received  December 2017 Revised  October 2020 Published  December 2020

We investigate numerically the advancing motion of 3D droplets spreading on physically flat chemically heterogeneous surfaces with periodic structures. We use the Navier-Stokes-Cahn-Hilliard equations with the generalized Navier boundary conditions to model the motion of droplets. Based on a convex splitting scheme, we have done numerical simulations and compared the results between different surface patterns quantitatively. We study the effect of pattern property on the advancing motion of three phase contact lines, the critical volume at the contact line jump and the effective advancing angles. By increasing the volume of droplet slowly on heterogeneous surfaces with different pattern property, we find that the advancing contact line approaches an equiangular octagon for the patterned surface with periodic squares separated by channels and approaches a regular hexagon for the patterned surface with periodic circles in regular hexagonal arrays. The shape of three-phase contact line is much more determined by the macro structure of the pattern than the micro structure of the pattern in each period.

Keywords: Advancing motion, contact angle hysteresis, patterned surfaces, contact line, two-phase flow.
Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary: 76T10, 76D05, 76D45; Secondary: 97M10.
Citation: Hua Zhong, Xiaolin Fan, Shuyu Sun. The effect of surface pattern property on the advancing motion of three-dimensional droplets. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2020366
References:
[1]

S. Brandon, N. Haimovich, E. Yeger and A. Marmur, Partial wetting of chemically patterned surfaces: The effect of drop size, J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 263 (2003), 237-243.   Google Scholar

[2]

S. Brandon and A. Marmur, Simulation of contact angle hysteresis on chemically heterogeneous surfaces, J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 183 (1996), 351-355.   Google Scholar

[3]

S. Brandon, A. Wachs and A. Marmur, Simulated contact angle hysteresis of a three-dimensional drop on a chemically heterogeneous surface: A numerical example, J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 191 (1997), 110-116.   Google Scholar

[4]

A. B. D. Cassie and S. Baxter, Wettability of porous surfaces, Trans. Faraday Soc., 40 (1944), 546-551.  doi: 10.1039/tf9444000546.  Google Scholar

[5]

D. Chatain, D. Lewis, J.-P. Baland and W. C. Carter, Numerical analysis of the shapes and energies of droplets on micropatterned substrates, Langmuir, 22 (2006), 4237-4243.  doi: 10.1021/la053146q.  Google Scholar

[6]

P. G. de Gennes, Wetting: Statics and dynamics, Rev. Mod. Phys., 57 (1985), 827-863.  doi: 10.1103/RevModPhys.57.827.  Google Scholar

[7]

M. Gao and X.-P. Wang, A gradient stable scheme for a phase field model for the moving contact line problem, J. Comput. Phys., 231 (2012), 1372-1386.  doi: 10.1016/j.jcp.2011.10.015.  Google Scholar

[8]

H. Gouin, The wetting problem of fluids on solid surfaces. Ⅰ. The dynamics of contact lines, Contin. Mech. Thermodyn., 15 (2003), 581-596.  doi: 10.1007/s00161-003-0136-2.  Google Scholar

[9]

H. Gouin, The wetting problem of fluids on solid surfaces. Ⅱ. The contact angle hysteresis, Contin. Mech. Thermodyn., 15 (2003), 597-611.  doi: 10.1007/s00161-003-0137-1.  Google Scholar

[10]

M. Iwamatsu, Contact angle hysteresis of cylindrical drops on chemically heterogeneous striped surfaces, J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 297 (2006), 772-777.  doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2005.11.032.  Google Scholar

[11]

J. F. Joanny and P. G. de Gennes, A model for contact angle hysteresis, J. Chem. Phys., 81 (1984), 552-562.  doi: 10.1142/9789812564849_0048.  Google Scholar

[12]

R. E. Johnson and R. H. Dettre, Contact-angle hysteresis. 3. study of an idealized heterogeneous surface, J. Phys. Chem., 68 (1964), 1744-1749.  doi: 10.1021/j100789a012.  Google Scholar

[13]

H. Kusumaatmaja and J. M. Yeomans, Modeling contact angle hysteresis on chemically patterned and superhydrophobic surfaces, Langmuir, 23 (2007), 6019-6032.  doi: 10.1021/la063218t.  Google Scholar

[14]

S. T. Larsen and R. Taboryski, A Cassie-like law using triple phase boundary line fractions for faceted droplets on chemically heterogeneous surfaces, Langmuir, 25 (2009), 1282-1284.  doi: 10.1021/la8030045.  Google Scholar

[15]

L. Luo, X.-P. Wang and X.-C. Cai, An efficient finite element method for simulation of droplet spreading on a topologically rough surface, J. Comput. Phys., 349 (2017), 233-252.  doi: 10.1016/j.jcp.2017.08.010.  Google Scholar

[16]

A. Marmur, Contact-angle hysteresis on heterogeneous smooth surfaces, J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 168 (1994), 40-46.  doi: 10.1006/jcis.1994.1391.  Google Scholar

[17]

T. Qian, X. P. Wang and P. Sheng, Molecular scale contact line hydrodynamics of immiscible flows, Phys. Rev. E, 68 (2003), 016306. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.68.016306.  Google Scholar

[18]

W. Ren, Wetting transition on patterned surfaces: Transition states and energy barriers, Langmuir, 30 (2014), 2879-2885.  doi: 10.1021/la404518q.  Google Scholar

[19]

L. W. Schwartz and S. Garoff, Contact angle hysteresis on heterogeneous surfaces, Langmuir, 1 (1985), 219-230.  doi: 10.1021/la00062a007.  Google Scholar

[20]

L. W. Schwartz and S. Garoff, Contact angle hysteresis and the shape of the 3-phase line, J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 106 (1985), 422-437.  doi: 10.1016/S0021-9797(85)80016-3.  Google Scholar

[21]

P. S. Swain and R. Lipowsky, Contact angles on heterogeneous surfaces: A new look at Cassie's and Wenzel's laws, Langmuir, 14 (1998), 6772-6780.  doi: 10.1021/la980602k.  Google Scholar

[22]

X.-P. Wang, T. Qian and P. Sheng, Moving contact line on chemically patterned surfaces, J. Fluid Mech., 605 (2008), 59-78.  doi: 10.1017/S0022112008001456.  Google Scholar

[23]

R. N. Wenzel, Resistance of solid surfaces to wetting by water, Ind. Eng. Chem., 28 (1936), 988-994.  doi: 10.1021/ie50320a024.  Google Scholar

[24]

G. Wolansky and A. Marmur, The actual contact angle on a heterogeneous rough surface in three dimensions, Langmuir, 14 (1998), 5292-5297.  doi: 10.1021/la960723p.  Google Scholar

[25]

X. Xu, Analysis for wetting on rough surfaces by a three-dimensional phase field model, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. Ser. B, 21 (2016), 2839-2850.  doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2016075.  Google Scholar

[26]

X. Xu and X. Wang, Analysis of wetting and contact angle hysteresis on chemically patterned surfaces, SIAM J. Appl. Math., 71 (2011), 1753-1779.  doi: 10.1137/110829593.  Google Scholar

[27]

T. Young, An essay on the cohesion of fluids, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, 95 (1805), 65-87.  doi: 10.1098/rstl.1805.0005.  Google Scholar

[28]

H. Zhong, X.-P. Wang, A. Salama and S. Sun, Quasistatic analysis on configuration of two-phase flow in Y-shaped tubes, Comput. Math. Appl., 68 (2014), 1905-1914.  doi: 10.1016/j.camwa.2014.10.004.  Google Scholar

[29]

H. Zhong, X.-P. Wang and S. Sun, A numerical study of three-dimensional droplets spreading on chemically patterned surfaces, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. Ser. B, 21 (2016), 2905-2926.  doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2016079.  Google Scholar

show all references

References:
[1]

S. Brandon, N. Haimovich, E. Yeger and A. Marmur, Partial wetting of chemically patterned surfaces: The effect of drop size, J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 263 (2003), 237-243.   Google Scholar

[2]

S. Brandon and A. Marmur, Simulation of contact angle hysteresis on chemically heterogeneous surfaces, J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 183 (1996), 351-355.   Google Scholar

[3]

S. Brandon, A. Wachs and A. Marmur, Simulated contact angle hysteresis of a three-dimensional drop on a chemically heterogeneous surface: A numerical example, J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 191 (1997), 110-116.   Google Scholar

[4]

A. B. D. Cassie and S. Baxter, Wettability of porous surfaces, Trans. Faraday Soc., 40 (1944), 546-551.  doi: 10.1039/tf9444000546.  Google Scholar

[5]

D. Chatain, D. Lewis, J.-P. Baland and W. C. Carter, Numerical analysis of the shapes and energies of droplets on micropatterned substrates, Langmuir, 22 (2006), 4237-4243.  doi: 10.1021/la053146q.  Google Scholar

[6]

P. G. de Gennes, Wetting: Statics and dynamics, Rev. Mod. Phys., 57 (1985), 827-863.  doi: 10.1103/RevModPhys.57.827.  Google Scholar

[7]

M. Gao and X.-P. Wang, A gradient stable scheme for a phase field model for the moving contact line problem, J. Comput. Phys., 231 (2012), 1372-1386.  doi: 10.1016/j.jcp.2011.10.015.  Google Scholar

[8]

H. Gouin, The wetting problem of fluids on solid surfaces. Ⅰ. The dynamics of contact lines, Contin. Mech. Thermodyn., 15 (2003), 581-596.  doi: 10.1007/s00161-003-0136-2.  Google Scholar

[9]

H. Gouin, The wetting problem of fluids on solid surfaces. Ⅱ. The contact angle hysteresis, Contin. Mech. Thermodyn., 15 (2003), 597-611.  doi: 10.1007/s00161-003-0137-1.  Google Scholar

[10]

M. Iwamatsu, Contact angle hysteresis of cylindrical drops on chemically heterogeneous striped surfaces, J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 297 (2006), 772-777.  doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2005.11.032.  Google Scholar

[11]

J. F. Joanny and P. G. de Gennes, A model for contact angle hysteresis, J. Chem. Phys., 81 (1984), 552-562.  doi: 10.1142/9789812564849_0048.  Google Scholar

[12]

R. E. Johnson and R. H. Dettre, Contact-angle hysteresis. 3. study of an idealized heterogeneous surface, J. Phys. Chem., 68 (1964), 1744-1749.  doi: 10.1021/j100789a012.  Google Scholar

[13]

H. Kusumaatmaja and J. M. Yeomans, Modeling contact angle hysteresis on chemically patterned and superhydrophobic surfaces, Langmuir, 23 (2007), 6019-6032.  doi: 10.1021/la063218t.  Google Scholar

[14]

S. T. Larsen and R. Taboryski, A Cassie-like law using triple phase boundary line fractions for faceted droplets on chemically heterogeneous surfaces, Langmuir, 25 (2009), 1282-1284.  doi: 10.1021/la8030045.  Google Scholar

[15]

L. Luo, X.-P. Wang and X.-C. Cai, An efficient finite element method for simulation of droplet spreading on a topologically rough surface, J. Comput. Phys., 349 (2017), 233-252.  doi: 10.1016/j.jcp.2017.08.010.  Google Scholar

[16]

A. Marmur, Contact-angle hysteresis on heterogeneous smooth surfaces, J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 168 (1994), 40-46.  doi: 10.1006/jcis.1994.1391.  Google Scholar

[17]

T. Qian, X. P. Wang and P. Sheng, Molecular scale contact line hydrodynamics of immiscible flows, Phys. Rev. E, 68 (2003), 016306. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.68.016306.  Google Scholar

[18]

W. Ren, Wetting transition on patterned surfaces: Transition states and energy barriers, Langmuir, 30 (2014), 2879-2885.  doi: 10.1021/la404518q.  Google Scholar

[19]

L. W. Schwartz and S. Garoff, Contact angle hysteresis on heterogeneous surfaces, Langmuir, 1 (1985), 219-230.  doi: 10.1021/la00062a007.  Google Scholar

[20]

L. W. Schwartz and S. Garoff, Contact angle hysteresis and the shape of the 3-phase line, J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 106 (1985), 422-437.  doi: 10.1016/S0021-9797(85)80016-3.  Google Scholar

[21]

P. S. Swain and R. Lipowsky, Contact angles on heterogeneous surfaces: A new look at Cassie's and Wenzel's laws, Langmuir, 14 (1998), 6772-6780.  doi: 10.1021/la980602k.  Google Scholar

[22]

X.-P. Wang, T. Qian and P. Sheng, Moving contact line on chemically patterned surfaces, J. Fluid Mech., 605 (2008), 59-78.  doi: 10.1017/S0022112008001456.  Google Scholar

[23]

R. N. Wenzel, Resistance of solid surfaces to wetting by water, Ind. Eng. Chem., 28 (1936), 988-994.  doi: 10.1021/ie50320a024.  Google Scholar

[24]

G. Wolansky and A. Marmur, The actual contact angle on a heterogeneous rough surface in three dimensions, Langmuir, 14 (1998), 5292-5297.  doi: 10.1021/la960723p.  Google Scholar

[25]

X. Xu, Analysis for wetting on rough surfaces by a three-dimensional phase field model, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. Ser. B, 21 (2016), 2839-2850.  doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2016075.  Google Scholar

[26]

X. Xu and X. Wang, Analysis of wetting and contact angle hysteresis on chemically patterned surfaces, SIAM J. Appl. Math., 71 (2011), 1753-1779.  doi: 10.1137/110829593.  Google Scholar

[27]

T. Young, An essay on the cohesion of fluids, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, 95 (1805), 65-87.  doi: 10.1098/rstl.1805.0005.  Google Scholar

[28]

H. Zhong, X.-P. Wang, A. Salama and S. Sun, Quasistatic analysis on configuration of two-phase flow in Y-shaped tubes, Comput. Math. Appl., 68 (2014), 1905-1914.  doi: 10.1016/j.camwa.2014.10.004.  Google Scholar

[29]

H. Zhong, X.-P. Wang and S. Sun, A numerical study of three-dimensional droplets spreading on chemically patterned surfaces, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. Ser. B, 21 (2016), 2905-2926.  doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2016079.  Google Scholar

Figure 1.  Schematic diagram of a flat surface with a ring pattern
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Figure 2.  A spherical cap
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Figure 3.  Schematic diagram of physically flat surfaces with square-channel like pattern (upper), circular patches in square arrays (middle) and in regular hexagonal arrays (lower)
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Figure 4.  Effective advancing angle versus Young's angle of channel with Young's angle of square $ 60^\circ $
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Figure 5.  Advancing contact line and cubic root of critical volume with $ a:b = 12:5, \theta_a:\theta_b = 60^\circ:100^\circ $
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Figure 6.  Advancing contact line (part) and cubic root of critical volume with $ a:b = 12:5, \theta_a:\theta_b = 60^\circ:110^\circ $
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Figure 7.  Advancing contact line and cubic root of critical volume with $ a:b = 12:5, \theta_a:\theta_b = 60^\circ:120^\circ $
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Figure 8.  Advancing contact line and cubic root of critical volume with $ a:b = 12:12, \theta_a:\theta_b = 60^\circ:110^\circ $
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Figure 9.  Circle pattern in square arrays and in regular hexagon arrays
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