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Further results on stabilization of stochastic differential equations with delayed feedback control under $ G $-expectation framework
Slow-fast dynamics and nonlinear oscillations in transmission of mosquito-borne diseases
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA |
Disease transmission can present significantly different cyclic patterns including small fluctuations, regular oscillations, and singular oscillations with short endemic period and long inter-epidemic period. In this paper we consider the slow-fast dynamics and nonlinear oscillations during the transmission of mosquito-borne diseases. Under the assumption that the host population has a small natural death rate, we prove the existence of relaxation oscillation cycles by geometric singular perturbation techniques and the delay of stability loss. Generation and annihilation of periodic orbits are investigated through local, semi-local bifurcations and bifurcation of slow-fast cycles. It turns out that relaxation oscillation cycles occur only if the basic reproduction number $ \mathcal{R}_0 $ is greater than 1, while small fluctuations and regular oscillations exist under much less restrictive conditions. Our results here provide a sound explanation for different cyclic patterns exhibited in the transmission of mosquito-borne diseases.
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Persistence and smoothness of invariant manifolds for flows, Indiana Univ. Math J., 21 (1971), 193-226.
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H. W. Hethcote, Asymptotic behavior in a deterministic epidemic model, Bull. Math. Biol., 35 (1973), 607-614. Google Scholar |
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T.-H. Hsu,
Number and stability of relaxation oscillations for predator-prey systems with small death rates, SIAM J. Appl. Dyn. Syst., 18 (2019), 33-67.
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[15] |
J. Huang, S. Ruan, P. Yu and Y. Zhang,
Bifurcation analysis of a mosquito population model with a saturated release rate of sterile mosquitoes, SIAM J. Appl. Dyn. Syst., 18 (2019), 939-972.
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M. Krupa and P. Szmolyan,
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[22] |
W. Liu,
Geometric singular perturbations for multiple turning points: Invariant manifolds and exchange lemmas, J. Dynam. Differential Equations, 18 (2006), 667-691.
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[23] |
W. Liu, Simon A. Levin and Y. Iwasa,
Influence of nonlinear incidence rates upon the behavior of SIRS epidemiological models, J. Math. Biol., 23 (1986), 187-204.
doi: 10.1007/BF00276956. |
[24] |
M. Lu, J. Huang, S. Ruan and P. Yu,
Bifurcation analysis of an SIRS epidemic model with a generalized nonmonotone and saturated incidence rate, J. Differential Equations, 267 (2019), 1859-1898.
doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2019.03.005. |
[25] |
W. P. London and J. A. Yorke, Recurrent outbreaks of measles, chickenpox and mumps. I. Seasonal variation in contact rates, Am. J. Epidemiol., 98 (1973), 453-468. Google Scholar |
[26] |
E. F. Mishchenko, Yu. S. Kolesov, A. Yu. Kolesov and N. Kh. Rozov, Asymptotic Methods in Singularly Perturbed Systems, translated from the Russian by I, Aleksanova, Monographs in Contemporary Mathematics, Consultants Bureau, New York, 1994. |
[27] |
N. G. Reich, et al., Interactions between serotypes of dengue highlight epidemiological impact of cross-immunity, J. R. Soc. Interface., 10 (2013), art. no. 0414.
doi: 10.1098/rsif.2013.0414. |
[28] |
S. Ruan and W. Wang,
Dynamical behavior of an epidemic model with a nonlinear incidence rate, J. Differential Equations, 188 (2003), 135-163.
doi: 10.1016/S0022-0396(02)00089-X. |
[29] |
S. Schecter,
Persistent unstable equilibria and closed orbits of a singularly perturbed equation, J. Differential Equations, 60 (1985), 131-141.
doi: 10.1016/0022-0396(85)90124-X. |
[30] |
C. Shan and H. Zhu,
Bifurcations and complex dynamics of an SIR model with the impact of the number of hospital beds, J. Differential Equations, 257 (2014), 1662-1688.
doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2014.05.030. |
[31] |
C. Shan, Y. Yi and H. Zhu,
Nilpotent singularities and dynamics in an SIR type of compartmental model with hospital resources, J. Differential Equations, 260 (2016), 4339-4365.
doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2015.11.009. |
[32] |
M. Wechselberger, Geometric Singular Perturbation Theory Beyond the Standard Form, Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2020.
doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-36399-4. |
show all references
References:
[1] |
A. Abdelrazec, J. Belair, C. Shan and H. Zhu,
Modeling the spread and control of dengue with limited public health resources, Math. Biosci., 271 (2016), 136-145.
doi: 10.1016/j.mbs.2015.11.004. |
[2] | R. M. Anderson and R. M. May, Infectious Diseases of Humans: Dynamics and Control, Oxford Science Publications, Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, 1992. Google Scholar |
[3] |
E. Benoit, Linear dynamic bifurcation with noise, in: E. Benoit (Ed.), Dynamic Bifurcations, Luminy, 1990, in: Lecture Notes in Math., vol.1493, Springer, Berlin, 1991,131–150.
doi: 10.1007/BFb0085028. |
[4] |
CDC, West Nile virus final annual maps & data for 1999-2018, https://www.cdc.gov/westnile/statsmaps/finalmapsdata/index.html. Google Scholar |
[5] |
S.-N. Chow, W. Liu and Y. Yi,
Center manifold theory for smooth invariant manifolds, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc., 352 (2000), 5179-5211.
doi: 10.1090/S0002-9947-00-02443-0. |
[6] |
S.-N. Chow, W. Liu and Y. Yi,
Center manifold theory for invariant sets, J. Differential Equations, 168 (2000), 355-385.
doi: 10.1006/jdeq.2000.3890. |
[7] |
P. De Maesschalck and F. Dumortier,
Time analysis and entry-exit relation near planar turning points, J. Differential Equations, 215 (2005), 225-267.
doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2005.01.004. |
[8] |
P. De Maesschalck, F. Dumortier and R. Roussarie,
Cyclicity of common slow-fast cycles, Indag. Math., 22 (2011), 165-206.
doi: 10.1016/j.indag.2011.09.008. |
[9] |
P. De Maesschalck and S. Schecter,
The entry-exit function and geometric singular perturbation theory, J. Differential Equations, 260 (2016), 6697-6715.
doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2016.01.008. |
[10] |
N. Fenichel,
Persistence and smoothness of invariant manifolds for flows, Indiana Univ. Math J., 21 (1971), 193-226.
doi: 10.1512/iumj.1972.21.21017. |
[11] |
N. Fenichel,
Geometric singular perturbation theory for ordinary differential equations, J. Differential Equations, 31 (1979), 53-98.
doi: 10.1016/0022-0396(79)90152-9. |
[12] |
H. W. Hethcote, Asymptotic behavior in a deterministic epidemic model, Bull. Math. Biol., 35 (1973), 607-614. Google Scholar |
[13] |
H. W. Hethcote, H. W. Stech and P. Van Den Driessche,
Nonlinear oscillations in epidemic models, SIAM J. Appl. Math., 40 (1981), 1-9.
doi: 10.1137/0140001. |
[14] |
T.-H. Hsu,
Number and stability of relaxation oscillations for predator-prey systems with small death rates, SIAM J. Appl. Dyn. Syst., 18 (2019), 33-67.
doi: 10.1137/18M1166705. |
[15] |
J. Huang, S. Ruan, P. Yu and Y. Zhang,
Bifurcation analysis of a mosquito population model with a saturated release rate of sterile mosquitoes, SIAM J. Appl. Dyn. Syst., 18 (2019), 939-972.
doi: 10.1137/18M1208435. |
[16] |
M. Krupa and P. Szmolyan,
Extending geometric singular perturbation theory to nonhyperbolic points-fold and canard points in two dimensions, SIAM J. Math. Anal., 33 (2001), 286-314.
doi: 10.1137/S0036141099360919. |
[17] |
M. Krupa and P. Szmolyan,
Relaxation oscillation and canard explosion, J. Differential Equations, 174 (2001), 312-368.
doi: 10.1006/jdeq.2000.3929. |
[18] |
J. P. LaSalle, The Stability of Dynamical Systems, Regional Conference Series in Appl. Math., 25, SIAM, Philadelphia, 1976. |
[19] |
C. Li, J. Li, Z. Ma and H. Zhu,
Canard phenomenon for an SIS epidemic model with nonlinear incidence, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 420 (2014), 987-1004.
doi: 10.1016/j.jmaa.2014.06.035. |
[20] |
M. Li, W. Liu, C. Shan and Y. Yi,
Turning points and relaxation oscillation cycles in epidemic models, SIAM J. Appl. Math., 76 (2016), 663-687.
doi: 10.1137/15M1038785. |
[21] |
W. Liu,
Exchange lemmas for singularly perturbation problems with certain turning points, J. Differential Equations, 167 (2000), 134-180.
doi: 10.1006/jdeq.2000.3778. |
[22] |
W. Liu,
Geometric singular perturbations for multiple turning points: Invariant manifolds and exchange lemmas, J. Dynam. Differential Equations, 18 (2006), 667-691.
doi: 10.1007/s10884-006-9020-7. |
[23] |
W. Liu, Simon A. Levin and Y. Iwasa,
Influence of nonlinear incidence rates upon the behavior of SIRS epidemiological models, J. Math. Biol., 23 (1986), 187-204.
doi: 10.1007/BF00276956. |
[24] |
M. Lu, J. Huang, S. Ruan and P. Yu,
Bifurcation analysis of an SIRS epidemic model with a generalized nonmonotone and saturated incidence rate, J. Differential Equations, 267 (2019), 1859-1898.
doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2019.03.005. |
[25] |
W. P. London and J. A. Yorke, Recurrent outbreaks of measles, chickenpox and mumps. I. Seasonal variation in contact rates, Am. J. Epidemiol., 98 (1973), 453-468. Google Scholar |
[26] |
E. F. Mishchenko, Yu. S. Kolesov, A. Yu. Kolesov and N. Kh. Rozov, Asymptotic Methods in Singularly Perturbed Systems, translated from the Russian by I, Aleksanova, Monographs in Contemporary Mathematics, Consultants Bureau, New York, 1994. |
[27] |
N. G. Reich, et al., Interactions between serotypes of dengue highlight epidemiological impact of cross-immunity, J. R. Soc. Interface., 10 (2013), art. no. 0414.
doi: 10.1098/rsif.2013.0414. |
[28] |
S. Ruan and W. Wang,
Dynamical behavior of an epidemic model with a nonlinear incidence rate, J. Differential Equations, 188 (2003), 135-163.
doi: 10.1016/S0022-0396(02)00089-X. |
[29] |
S. Schecter,
Persistent unstable equilibria and closed orbits of a singularly perturbed equation, J. Differential Equations, 60 (1985), 131-141.
doi: 10.1016/0022-0396(85)90124-X. |
[30] |
C. Shan and H. Zhu,
Bifurcations and complex dynamics of an SIR model with the impact of the number of hospital beds, J. Differential Equations, 257 (2014), 1662-1688.
doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2014.05.030. |
[31] |
C. Shan, Y. Yi and H. Zhu,
Nilpotent singularities and dynamics in an SIR type of compartmental model with hospital resources, J. Differential Equations, 260 (2016), 4339-4365.
doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2015.11.009. |
[32] |
M. Wechselberger, Geometric Singular Perturbation Theory Beyond the Standard Form, Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2020.
doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-36399-4. |








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