Front propagation and blocking for the competition-diffusion system in a domain of half-lines with a junction

Yoshihisa Morita; Ken-Ichi Nakamura; Toshiko Ogiwara

doi:10.3934/dcdsb.2022136

Article Contents

2023, Volume 28, Issue 12: 6345-6361. Doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2022136 open access

This issue Previous Article All global bifurcation diagrams of stationary solutions to a phase field model Next Article Blow-up on metric graphs and Riemannian manifolds

Front propagation and blocking for the competition-diffusion system in a domain of half-lines with a junction

1.
Department of Applied Mathematics and Informatics, Ryukoku University, Seta Otsu 520-2194, Japan; Current address: Joint Research Center for Science and Technology, Ryukoku University, Seta Otsu 520-2194, Japan
2.
Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan; Current address: Meiji Institute for Advanced Study of Mathematical Sciences, Meiji University, Nakano Tokyo 164-8525, Japan
3.
Department of Mathematics, Josai University, Keyakidai Sakado 350-0295, Japan

^*Corresponding author: Yoshihisa Morita
^*Corresponding author: Yoshihisa Morita

Received: November 2021

Revised: April 2022

Early access: July 20, 2022

Published online: July 20, 2022

The first author was partially supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP18H01139. The second author was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP18K03412 and JP21K03368.

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Abstract

The two-component Lotka-Volterra competition-diffusion system is well accepted as a model describing the invasion of a superior species into a new habitat. Under a bistable condition, we deal with the system in a domain of half-lines with a single junction and investigate the condition for the invasion from some of the half-lines beyond the junction or blocking the propagation of the superior species. We first give a sufficient condition for the invasion in the whole domain by a subsolution. Then, making use of sub- and supersolutions, we construct a standing front solution blocking the propagation if the number of half-lines occupied by the inferior species is sufficiently larger than that occupied by the superior species.

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Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary: 35B40, 35C07, 35K57; Secondary: 92D25.

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Figure 1. Occupation of the species $ U $ and $ V $ in the domain $ \Omega $ with $ m = 4, \ell = 3 $. The vertical line indicates the values of $ U $ and $ V $ in the domain

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