Dimension reduction of thermistor models for large-area organic light-emitting diodes

Annegret Glitzky; Matthias Liero; Grigor Nika

doi:10.3934/dcdss.2020460

Article Contents

2021, Volume 14, Issue 11: 3953-3971. Doi: 10.3934/dcdss.2020460 open access

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Dimension reduction of thermistor models for large-area organic light-emitting diodes

Weierstrass Institute for Applied Analysis and Stochastics, Mohrenstraße 39, 10117 Berlin, Germany

^* Corresponding author: Matthias Liero
^* Corresponding author: Matthias Liero

Received: April 2020

Revised: September 2020

Early access: November 2020

Published: November 2021

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Abstract

An effective system of partial differential equations describing the heat and current flow through a thin organic light-emitting diode (OLED) mounted on a glass substrate is rigorously derived from a recently introduced fully three-dimensional $ p(x) $-Laplace thermistor model. The OLED consists of several thin layers that scale differently with respect to the multiscale parameter $ \varepsilon>0 $, which is the ratio between the total thickness and the lateral extent of the OLED. Starting point of the derivation is a rescaled formulation of the current-flow equation in the OLED for the driving potential and the heat equation in OLED and glass substrate with Joule heat term concentrated in the OLED. Assuming physically motivated scalings in the electrical flux functions, uniform a priori bounds are derived for the solutions of the three-dimensional system which facilitates the extraction of converging subsequences with limits that are identified as solutions of a dimension reduced system. In the latter, the effective current-flow equation is given by two semilinear equations in the two-dimensional cross-sections of the electrodes and algebraic equations for the continuity of the electrical fluxes through the organic layers. The effective heat equation is formulated only in the glass substrate with Joule heat term on the part of the boundary where the OLED is mounted.

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Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary:35J92, 35Q79, 35J57, 80A20, 35B30, 35B20.

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Figure 1. Sketch of the domain $ \Omega_ \varepsilon $ consisting of the glass substrate $ \Omega^\mathrm{sub} $ and the OLED $ \Omega_ \varepsilon^\mathrm{oled} $. The latter consists of $ N $ layers (with $ N = 5 $ in the figure). The bottom and top layer $ \Omega_ \varepsilon^1 $ and $ \Omega_ \varepsilon^N $ describe the electrodes with Dirichlet boundaries $ \Gamma_ \varepsilon^- $ and $ \Gamma_ \varepsilon^+ $ (green) for the potential where the voltage is applied. In the effective limit, the current-flow equation reduces to coupled equations on the two-dimensional domain $ \Gamma_0 $ (red) and the heat equation is solved only in $ \Omega^\mathrm{sub} $ with an additional boundary source term on $ \Gamma_0 $

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