# American Institute of Mathematical Sciences

## Damping, stabilization, and numerical filtering for the modeling and the simulation of time dependent PDEs

 Laboratoire LAMFA (UMR CNRS 7352), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 33 rue Saint Leu, 80039 Amiens Cédex, France

* Corresponding author: Jean-Paul Chehab

To the memory of Ezzeddine Zahrouni (1963-2018)

Received  June 2020 Revised  December 2020 Published  January 2021

We present here different situations in which the filtering of high or low modes is used either for stabilizing semi-implicit numerical schemes when solving nonlinear parabolic equations, or for building adapted damping operators in the case of dispersive equation. We consider numerical filtering provided by mutigrid-like techniques as well as the filtering resulting from operator with monotone symbols. Our approach applies to several discretization techniques and we focus on finite elements and finite differences. Numerical illustrations are given on Cahn-Hilliard, Korteweig-de Vries and Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equations.

Citation: Jean-Paul Chehab. Damping, stabilization, and numerical filtering for the modeling and the simulation of time dependent PDEs. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - S, doi: 10.3934/dcdss.2021002
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Different filters
Different basis of orthogonal polynomials: Chebyshev polynomials (top left), Legendre polynomials (top right) and Fourier polynomials (bottom)
Hierarchy of the triangulation of $\Omega = ]0,1[^2$: solid line (coarse triangulation), dashed line (complementary triangulation)
3D output and iso-values for $u(x,y) = \cos \bigl(5(1-x^2-y^2)\bigr)$ on the unit disk. The function $u$ with $\mathbb{P}_2$ elements (top) and the $z_h$ components (bottom)
Function $u(x,y) = \cos \bigl(5(1-x^2-y^2)\bigr)$ on the unit disk. Eigenfunction (Fourier) coefficients on the fine mesh for the original function $u_h$ (red line) and the associated correction $z_h$ (blue line)
Decomposition of the signal $u(x) = \sin(2\pi x)+\sin(6\pi x)+\sin(12\pi x)+0.1\sin(20\pi x)+0.1\sin(30\pi x)+0.1\sin(120\pi x)$, $N = 100, m = 8$. Original signal (top), high frequencies fluctuent part (bottom left) and low frequencies mean part (bottom right)
Dirichlet BC (Top Left), Neumannn BC (Top Right), Periodic BC (Bottom). The original values are given at grid points $\times$, interpolated values are computed at grid points $o$. The boundary points are marked by a dot, in the Dirichlet case
Low-pass filters: (left) - Exponential of low pass filters = high-pass filter (right)
Coarse mesh (left) and fine mesh (right)
Initial solution (left) and Final Solution (right) - \hskip 1.cm $\mathbb{P}_2$ Elements. $\epsilon=0.08$, $\Delta t =1.e-4, \tau=4\epsilon^2, T=0.012$
Energy (left) and mass (right) vs time - \hskip 2.cm $\mathbb{P}_2$ Elements. $\epsilon=0.08$, $\Delta t =1.e-4, \tau=4\epsilon^2, \ T=0.012$
$\|u\|_{L^2}$ vs time with $u_0 = \cos(2\pi x/L)+\cos(6\pi x/L)+\cos(12\pi x/L)+\cos(20\pi x/L)$, $(\tau_0,\tau_1) = (10,100)$ (left) $(\tau_0,\tau_1) = (100,10)$ (right), $\Delta t = 1.e-1$, $T = 10$, $L = 100$
KdV $(\tau_0,\tau_1) = (0,0)$, $\mathbb{P}_1$ Elements. $\Delta t = 1.e-2$, $T = 40$. Mass $\int_0^Ludx$ (left) and $L^2$-norm $|u|_{L^2}$ (right) vs time
KdV $(\tau_0,\tau_1) = (0,100)$ Low pass damping, $\mathbb{P}_1$ Elements. $\Delta t = 1.e-2$, $T = 40$. Mass $\int_0^Ludx$ (left) and $L^2$-norm $|u|_{L^2}$ (right) vs time
KdV $(\tau_0,\tau_1) = (0,100)$ Low pass damping, $\mathbb{P}_1$ Elements. $\Delta t = 1.e-2$, $T = 4$. Mass $\int_0^Ludx$ (left) and $L^2$-norm $|u|_{L^2}$ (right) vs time
Heat Equation - $L^{\infty}$-norm of the error vs time - $n = 100, m = 4, \Delta t = 9.95 \, 10^{-5}, \tau = 1.6,10^{4}$
KSE Low and high frequency components of the solution at final time $T=140$ (left), time evolution of the mean value (right) - $n=128, \ m=8$, $\Delta t=0.01$, $L=10$ (line 1), $L=20$ (line 2)
KSE Low and high frequency components of the solution at final time $T=140$ (left), time evolution of the mean value (right) - $\Delta t=0.01$. Line 1: $L=50$, $n=128, \ m=8$; line 2: $L=100$, $n=256, \, m=10$
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