A new geometric procedure to construct symplectic methods for constrained mechanical systems is developed in this paper. The definition of a map coming from the notion of retraction maps allows to adapt the continuous problem to the discretization rule rather than vice versa. As a result, the constraint submanifold is exactly preserved by the symplectic discrete flow and the extension of these methods to the case of non-linear configuration spaces, such as systems on Lie groups with holonomic constraints, is also described.
| Citation: |
| [1] |
R. Abraham and J. E. Marsden, Foundations of Mechanics, Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Co. Inc. Advanced Book Program, Reading, Mass., 1978. Second edition, revised and enlarged, With the assistance of Tudor Raţiu and Richard Cushman.
|
| [2] |
P.-A. Absil, R. Mahony and R. Sepulchre, Optimization Algorithms on Matrix Manifolds, With A foreword by Paul Van Dooren, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 2008.
doi: 10.1515/9781400830244.
|
| [3] |
R. L. Adler, J.-P. Dedieu, J. Y. Margulies, M. Martens and M. Shub, Newton's method on Riemannian manifolds and a geometric model for the human spine, IMA J. Numer. Anal., 22 (2002), 359-390.
doi: 10.1093/imanum/22.3.359.
|
| [4] |
H. C. Andersen, Rattle: A "velocity" version of the shake algorithm for molecular dynamics calculations, Journal of Computational Physics, 52 (1983), 24-34.
doi: 10.1016/0021-9991(83)90014-1.
|
| [5] |
V. I. Arnold, Mathematical Methods of Classical Mechanics, volume 60 of Graduate Texts in Mathematics., Springer-Verlag, New York, 1989. Translated from the 1974 Russian original by K. Vogtmann and A. Weinstein, Corrected reprint of the second (1989) edition.
|
| [6] |
M. Barbero-Liñán and D. Martín de Diego, Retraction maps: A seed of geometric integrators, Found. Comput. Math., 23 (2023), 1335-1380.
doi: 10.1007/s10208-022-09571-x.
|
| [7] |
G. Benettin and A. Giorgilli, On the Hamiltonian interpolation of near-to-the-identity symplectic mappings with application to symplectic integration algorithms, J. Statist. Phys., 74 (1994), 1117-1143.
doi: 10.1007/BF02188219.
|
| [8] |
P. Betsch, The discrete null space method for the energy consistent integration of constrained mechanical systems Part Ⅰ: Holonomic constraints, Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Egrg., 194 (2005), 5159-5190.
doi: 10.1016/j.cma.2005.01.004.
|
| [9] |
P. Betsch and S. Leyendecker, The discrete null space method for the energy consistent integration of constrained mechanical systems. Ⅱ. Multibody dynamics, Internat. J. Numer. Methods Engrg., 67 (2006), 499-552.
doi: 10.1002/nme.1639.
|
| [10] |
S. Blanes and F. Casas, A Concise Introduction to Geometric Numerical Integration, Monographs and Research Notes in Mathematics. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2016.
|
| [11] |
G. Bogfjellmo and H. Marthinsen, High-order symplectic partitioned Lie group methods, Found. Comput. Math., 16 (2016), 493-530.
doi: 10.1007/s10208-015-9257-9.
|
| [12] |
K. Borsuk, Sur les retractes, Fund. Math., 17 (1931), 152-170.
doi: 10.4064/fm-17-1-152-170.
|
| [13] |
N. Bou-Rabee and J. E. Marsden, Hamilton-Pontryagin integrators on Lie groups. Ⅰ. Introduction and structure-preserving properties, Found. Comput. Math., 9 (2009), 197-219.
doi: 10.1007/s10208-008-9030-4.
|
| [14] |
E. Celledoni, E. Çokaj, A. Leone, D. Murari and B. Owren, Lie group integrators for mechanical systems, Int. J. Comput. Math., 99 (2022), 58-88.
doi: 10.1080/00207160.2021.1966772.
|
| [15] |
D. E. Chang, M. Perlmutter and J. Vankerschaver, Feedback integrators for mechanical systems with holonomic constraints, Sensors, 22 (2022).
doi: 10.3390/s22176487.
|
| [16] |
M. P. do Carmo, Riemannian Geometry, Mathematics: Theory & Applications. Birkhäuser Boston, Inc., Boston, MA, 1992. Translated from the second Portuguese edition by Francis Flaherty.
|
| [17] |
V. Duruisseaux and M. Leok, Accelerated optimization on Riemannian manifolds via discrete constrained variational integrators, J. Nonlinear Sci., 32 (2002), Paper No. 42, 34 pp.
doi: 10.1007/s00332-022-09795-9.
|
| [18] |
K. Grabowska and J. Grabowski, Tulczyjew triples: From statics to field theory, J. Geom. Mech., 5 (2013), 445-472.
doi: 10.3934/jgm.2013.5.445.
|
| [19] |
V. Guillemin and S. Sternberg, Semi-Classical Analysis, International Press, Boston, MA, 2013.
|
| [20] |
E. Hairer, C. Lubich and G. Wanner, Geometric Numerical Integration, volume 31 of Springer Series in Computational Mathematics, Springer, Heidelberg, 2010. ISBN 978-3-642-05157-9. Structure-Preserving Algorithms for Ordinary Differential Equations, Reprint of the second (2006) edition.
|
| [21] |
S. Hante and M. Arnold, RATTLie: A variational Lie group integration scheme for constrained mechanical systems, J. Comput. Appl. Math., 387 (2021), Paper No. 112492, 14 pp.
doi: 10.1016/j.cam.2019.112492.
|
| [22] |
D. D. Holm, T. Schmah and C. Stoica, Geometric Mechanics and Symmetry, volume 12 of Oxford Texts in Applied and Engineering Mathematics, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2009.
|
| [23] |
A. Iserles, H. Z. Munthe-Kaas, S. P. Nørsett and A. Zanna, Lie-group methods, In Acta Numerica, 9 (2000), of Acta Numer., 215-365. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge.
doi: 10.1017/S0962492900002154.
|
| [24] |
L. Jay, Symplectic partitioned Runge-Kutta methods for constrained Hamiltonian systems, SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 33 (1996), 368-387.
doi: 10.1137/0733019.
|
| [25] |
L. O. Jay, Lobatto Methods, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2015,817-826.
doi: 10.1007/978-3-540-70529-1_123.
|
| [26] |
E. R. Johnson and T. D. Murphey, Dangers of two-point holonomic constraints for variational integrators, American Control Conference, 2009, 4723-4728-R308.
doi: 10.1109/ACC.2009.5160488.
|
| [27] |
M. I. Jordan, Dynamical symplectic and stochastic perspectives on gradient-based optimization, In Proceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians——Rio de Janeiro 2018. Vol. Ⅰ. Plenary Lectures, World Sci. Publ., Hackensack, NJ, 2018,523-549.
|
| [28] |
B. Leimkuhler and S. Reich, Simulating Hamiltonian Dynamics, volume 14 of Cambridge Monographs on Applied and Computational Mathematics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2004.
|
| [29] |
B. J. Leimkuhler and R. D. Skeel, Symplectic numerical integrators in constrained Hamiltonian systems, J. Comput. Phys., 112 (1994), 117-125.
doi: 10.1006/jcph.1994.1085.
|
| [30] |
P. Libermann and C.-M. Marle, Symplectic Geometry and Analytical Mechanics, volume 35 of Mathematics and its Applications, D. Reidel Publishing Co., Dordrecht, 1987. Translated from the French by Bertram Eugene Schwarzbach.
doi: 10.1007/978-94-009-3807-6.
|
| [31] |
J. E. Marsden and M. West, Discrete mechanics and variational integrators, Acta Numer., 10 (2001), 357-514.
doi: 10.1017/S096249290100006X.
|
| [32] |
A. Murua Uría, Métodos Simplécticos Desarrollables en P-series, PhD thesis, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, 1995.
|
| [33] |
S. Reich, Symplectic integration of constrained Hamiltonian systems by composition methods, SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 33 (1996), 475-491.
doi: 10.1137/0733025.
|
| [34] |
J. M. Sanz-Serna and M. P. Calvo, Numerical Hamiltonian Problems, volume 7 of Applied Mathematics and Mathematical Computation, Chapman & Hall, London, 1994.
|
| [35] |
X. Shen, K. Tran and M. Leok, High-order symplectic Lie group methods on $SO(n)$ using the polar decomposition, J. Comput. Dyn., 9 (2022), 529-551.
doi: 10.3934/jcd.2022003.
|
| [36] |
J. Śniatycki and W. M. Tulczyjew, Generating forms of Lagrangian submanifolds, Indiana Univ. Math. J., 22 (1972/73), 267-275.
doi: 10.1512/iumj.1972.22.22021.
|
| [37] |
W. M. Tulczyjew, Les sous-variétés lagrangiennes et la dynamique lagrangienne, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Sér. A-B, 283 (1976), A675-A678.
|
| [38] |
W. M. Tulczyjew, Les sous-variétés lagrangiennes et la dynamique hamiltonienne, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Sér. A-B, 283 (1976), A15-A18.
|
| [39] |
W. M. Tulczyjew and P. Urbański, A slow and careful Legendre transformation for singular Lagrangians, Acta Phys. Polon. B, 30 (1999), 2909-2978. ISSN 0587-4254. The Infeld Centennial Meeting (Warsaw, 1998).
|