# American Institute of Mathematical Sciences

July  2015, 11(3): 849-866. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2015.11.849

## A novel active DRX mechanism in LTE technology and its performance evaluation

 1 School of Information Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Computer Virtual Technology and System Integration of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China 2 Department of Intelligence and Informatics, Konan University, Kobe 658-8501 3 School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China 4 Department of Networked Systems and Services, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest 1000, Hungary

Received  September 2013 Revised  June 2014 Published  October 2014

With the development of communication technology, the functions of the mobile terminals are becoming ever more enhanced, and the energy requirements for the terminals become harder than before. In this paper we propose a novel Active Discontinuous Reception (DRX) mechanism with a sleep-delay strategy in the Long Term Evolution (LTE) technology in order to reduce the average latency while saving more energy in 4G networks. The key idea is to influence the control of the downlink transmission on that way that the system would go to sleep only when there is no data frame arrival within the sleep-delay timer. Considering several logical channels for one connection, we model the network using the novel Active DRX mechanism with a sleep-delay strategy as a multiple synchronous vacation queueing system with a wake-up period and a sleep-delay. We derive several performance measures, such as the energy saving ratio, the system blocking ratio and the average latency. We also provide numerical results by means of analysis and simulation to show the validity of the novel Active DRX mechanism. Finally by constructing a profit function, we optimize several system parameters in terms of the number of the logical channels for one connection, the time lengths of the sleep-delay timer and the sleep period.
Citation: Shunfu Jin, Wuyi Yue, Chao Meng, Zsolt Saffer. A novel active DRX mechanism in LTE technology and its performance evaluation. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2015, 11 (3) : 849-866. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2015.11.849
##### References:
 [1] S. Abeta, Toward LTE commercial launch and future plan for LTE enhancements (LTE-Advanced),, Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Communication Systems, (2010), 146. doi: 10.1109/ICCS.2010.5686367. [2] S. Baek and B. D. Choi, Analysis of discontinuous reception with both downlink and uplink packet arrivals in 3GPP LTE,, Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 8 (2012), 841. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2012.8.841. [3] C. S. Bontu and E. Illidge, DRX mechanism for power saving in LTE,, IEEE Communications Magazine, 47 (2009), 48. doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2009.5116800. [4] C. S. Chang, Performance guarantees in communication networks,, European Transactions on Telecommunications, 12 (2001). doi: 10.1002/ett.4460120413. [5] S. Fowler, Study on power saving based on radio frame in LTE wireless communication system using DRX,, Proceedings of GLOBECOM Workshops, (2011), 1062. doi: 10.1109/GLOCOMW.2011.6162340. [6] S. Fowler, R. S. Bhamber and A. Mellouk, Analysis of adjustable and fixed DRX mechanism for power saving in LTE/LTE-Advanced,, Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Communications, (2012), 1964. doi: 10.1109/ICC.2012.6363708. [7] S. Gao, H. Tian, J. Zhu and L. Chen, A more power-efficient adaptive discontinuous reception mechanism in LTE,, Proceedings of IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Fall), (2011), 1. doi: 10.1109/VETECF.2011.6092961. [8] S. C. Jha, A. T. Koc and R. Vannithamby, Optimization of discontinuous reception (DRX) for mobile Internet applications over LTE,, Proceedings of IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Fall), (2012), 1. doi: 10.1109/VTCFall.2012.6399035. [9] S. Jin, Y. Zhao, W. Yue and L. Chen, Performance analysis of a P2P storage system with a lazy replica repair policy,, Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 10 (2014), 151. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2014.10.151. [10] R. K. Kalle, A. K. Nandan and D. Das, La VoLTE: novel cross layer optimized mechanism of video transmission over LTE for DRX,, Proceedings of IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring), (2012), 1. doi: 10.1109/VETECS.2012.6240102. [11] A. T. Koc, S. C. Jha, R. Vannithamby and M. Torlak, Optimizing DRX configuration to improve battery power saving and latency of active mobile applications over LTE-A network,, Proceedings of Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, (2013), 568. doi: 10.1109/WCNC.2013.6554626. [12] A. Mutairi, S. Roy and G. Hwang, Delay analysis of OFDMA-Aloha,, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 12 (2013), 89. doi: 10.1109/TWC.2012.113012.111776. [13] K. C. Ting, H. C. Wang, C. C. Tseng and F. C. Kuo, Energy-efficient DRX scheduling for QoS traffic in LTE networks,, Proceedings of IEEE International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing with Applications, (2011), 213. doi: 10.1109/ISPA.2011.57. [14] F. Yin, An application aware discontinuous reception mechanism in LTE-Advanced with carrier aggregation consideration,, Annales Des Telecommunications-Annals of Telecommunications, 67 (2012), 147. doi: 10.1007/s12243-012-0284-0. [15] Y. P. Yu and K. T. Feng, Traffic-based DRX cycles adjustment scheme for 3GPP LTE systems,, Proceedings of IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring), (2012), 1. doi: 10.1109/VETECS.2012.6240136. [16] Y. Zhao, S. Jin and W. Yue, Performance evaluation of the centralized spectrum access strategy with multiple input streams in cognitive radio networks,, IEICE Transactions on Communications, 97 (2014), 334. doi: 10.1587/transcom.E97.B.334.

show all references

##### References:
 [1] S. Abeta, Toward LTE commercial launch and future plan for LTE enhancements (LTE-Advanced),, Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Communication Systems, (2010), 146. doi: 10.1109/ICCS.2010.5686367. [2] S. Baek and B. D. Choi, Analysis of discontinuous reception with both downlink and uplink packet arrivals in 3GPP LTE,, Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 8 (2012), 841. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2012.8.841. [3] C. S. Bontu and E. Illidge, DRX mechanism for power saving in LTE,, IEEE Communications Magazine, 47 (2009), 48. doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2009.5116800. [4] C. S. Chang, Performance guarantees in communication networks,, European Transactions on Telecommunications, 12 (2001). doi: 10.1002/ett.4460120413. [5] S. Fowler, Study on power saving based on radio frame in LTE wireless communication system using DRX,, Proceedings of GLOBECOM Workshops, (2011), 1062. doi: 10.1109/GLOCOMW.2011.6162340. [6] S. Fowler, R. S. Bhamber and A. Mellouk, Analysis of adjustable and fixed DRX mechanism for power saving in LTE/LTE-Advanced,, Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Communications, (2012), 1964. doi: 10.1109/ICC.2012.6363708. [7] S. Gao, H. Tian, J. Zhu and L. Chen, A more power-efficient adaptive discontinuous reception mechanism in LTE,, Proceedings of IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Fall), (2011), 1. doi: 10.1109/VETECF.2011.6092961. [8] S. C. Jha, A. T. Koc and R. Vannithamby, Optimization of discontinuous reception (DRX) for mobile Internet applications over LTE,, Proceedings of IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Fall), (2012), 1. doi: 10.1109/VTCFall.2012.6399035. [9] S. Jin, Y. Zhao, W. Yue and L. Chen, Performance analysis of a P2P storage system with a lazy replica repair policy,, Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 10 (2014), 151. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2014.10.151. [10] R. K. Kalle, A. K. Nandan and D. Das, La VoLTE: novel cross layer optimized mechanism of video transmission over LTE for DRX,, Proceedings of IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring), (2012), 1. doi: 10.1109/VETECS.2012.6240102. [11] A. T. Koc, S. C. Jha, R. Vannithamby and M. Torlak, Optimizing DRX configuration to improve battery power saving and latency of active mobile applications over LTE-A network,, Proceedings of Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, (2013), 568. doi: 10.1109/WCNC.2013.6554626. [12] A. Mutairi, S. Roy and G. Hwang, Delay analysis of OFDMA-Aloha,, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 12 (2013), 89. doi: 10.1109/TWC.2012.113012.111776. [13] K. C. Ting, H. C. Wang, C. C. Tseng and F. C. Kuo, Energy-efficient DRX scheduling for QoS traffic in LTE networks,, Proceedings of IEEE International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing with Applications, (2011), 213. doi: 10.1109/ISPA.2011.57. [14] F. Yin, An application aware discontinuous reception mechanism in LTE-Advanced with carrier aggregation consideration,, Annales Des Telecommunications-Annals of Telecommunications, 67 (2012), 147. doi: 10.1007/s12243-012-0284-0. [15] Y. P. Yu and K. T. Feng, Traffic-based DRX cycles adjustment scheme for 3GPP LTE systems,, Proceedings of IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring), (2012), 1. doi: 10.1109/VETECS.2012.6240136. [16] Y. Zhao, S. Jin and W. Yue, Performance evaluation of the centralized spectrum access strategy with multiple input streams in cognitive radio networks,, IEICE Transactions on Communications, 97 (2014), 334. doi: 10.1587/transcom.E97.B.334.
 [1] Zhanqiang Huo, Wuyi Yue, Naishuo Tian, Shunfu Jin. Performance evaluation for the sleep mode in the IEEE 802.16e based on a queueing model with close-down time and multiple vacations. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2009, 5 (3) : 511-524. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2009.5.511 [2] Anupam Gautam, Selvamuthu Dharmaraja. Selection of DRX scheme for voice traffic in LTE-A networks: Markov modeling and performance analysis. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2019, 15 (2) : 739-756. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2018068 [3] Yuan Zhao, Wuyi Yue. Performance evaluation and optimization of cognitive radio networks with adjustable access control for multiple secondary users. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2019, 15 (1) : 1-14. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2018029 [4] Zhanyou Ma, Wenbo Wang, Linmin Hu. Performance evaluation and analysis of a discrete queue system with multiple working vacations and non-preemptive priority. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2017, 13 (5) : 1-14. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2018196 [5] Zhanyou Ma, Pengcheng Wang, Wuyi Yue. Performance analysis and optimization of a pseudo-fault Geo/Geo/1 repairable queueing system with N-policy, setup time and multiple working vacations. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2017, 13 (3) : 1467-1481. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2017002 [6] Omer Faruk Yilmaz, Mehmet Bulent Durmusoglu. A performance comparison and evaluation of metaheuristics for a batch scheduling problem in a multi-hybrid cell manufacturing system with skilled workforce assignment. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2018, 14 (3) : 1219-1249. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2018007 [7] Sangkyu Baek, Bong Dae Choi. Performance of an efficient sleep mode operation for IEEE 802.16m. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2011, 7 (3) : 623-639. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2011.7.623 [8] Dequan Yue, Wuyi Yue, Zsolt Saffer, Xiaohong Chen. Analysis of an M/M/1 queueing system with impatient customers and a variant of multiple vacation policy. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2014, 10 (1) : 89-112. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2014.10.89 [9] Zsolt Saffer, Miklós Telek. Analysis of BMAP vacation queue and its application to IEEE 802.16e sleep mode. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2010, 6 (3) : 661-690. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2010.6.661 [10] Yuan Zhao, Wuyi Yue. Cognitive radio networks with multiple secondary users under two kinds of priority schemes: Performance comparison and optimization. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2017, 13 (3) : 1449-1466. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2017001 [11] Shunfu Jin, Wuyi Yue, Zhanqiang Huo. Performance evaluation for connection oriented service in the next generation Internet. Numerical Algebra, Control & Optimization, 2011, 1 (4) : 749-761. doi: 10.3934/naco.2011.1.749 [12] Keiji Tatsumi, Masashi Akao, Ryo Kawachi, Tetsuzo Tanino. Performance evaluation of multiobjective multiclass support vector machines maximizing geometric margins. Numerical Algebra, Control & Optimization, 2011, 1 (1) : 151-169. doi: 10.3934/naco.2011.1.151 [13] Tuan Phung-Duc, Wouter Rogiest, Sabine Wittevrongel. Single server retrial queues with speed scaling: Analysis and performance evaluation. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2017, 13 (4) : 1927-1943. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2017025 [14] Shunfu Jin, Haixing Wu, Wuyi Yue, Yutaka Takahashi. Performance evaluation and Nash equilibrium of a cloud architecture with a sleeping mechanism and an enrollment service. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2017, 13 (5) : 1-18. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2019060 [15] Shaojun Lan, Yinghui Tang, Miaomiao Yu. System capacity optimization design and optimal threshold $N^{*}$ for a $GEO/G/1$ discrete-time queue with single server vacation and under the control of Min($N, V$)-policy. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2016, 12 (4) : 1435-1464. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2016.12.1435 [16] Zsolt Saffer, Wuyi Yue. M/M/c multiple synchronous vacation model with gated discipline. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2012, 8 (4) : 939-968. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2012.8.939 [17] Mohamed Baouch, Juan Antonio López-Ramos, Blas Torrecillas, Reto Schnyder. An active attack on a distributed Group Key Exchange system. Advances in Mathematics of Communications, 2017, 11 (4) : 715-717. doi: 10.3934/amc.2017052 [18] Martene L. Fair, Stephen L. Campbell. Active incipient fault detection in continuous time systems with multiple simultaneous faults. Numerical Algebra, Control & Optimization, 2011, 1 (2) : 211-224. doi: 10.3934/naco.2011.1.211 [19] Dequan Yue, Wuyi Yue. A heterogeneous two-server network system with balking and a Bernoulli vacation schedule. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2010, 6 (3) : 501-516. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2010.6.501 [20] Shunfu Jin, Wuyi Yue. Performance analysis and evaluation for power saving class type III in IEEE 802.16e network. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2010, 6 (3) : 691-708. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2010.6.691

2017 Impact Factor: 0.994