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Proposed supplier selection criteria classification
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April
2017, 13(2): 1041-1064.
doi: 10.3934/jimo.2016061
A multi-objective integrated model for closed-loop supply chain configuration and supplier selection considering uncertain demand and different performance levels
Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kharazmi University, 15719-14911 Tehran, Iran |
In the supply chain management, configuration of supply chain is the most important decision in the long term and supplier selection and order allocation are the most important decision in the medium-term that are considered separately. Considering these together can overcome the sub-optimality. This paper deals with an integrated model that has two phases. In the first phase, we present a framework for supplier selection criteria in Closed Loop Supply Chain (CLSC). In addition, we define two performance levels for each supplier based on the quantity and capability of purchasing from it to be closer to real world problem. The output of this phase is the score of each supplier in each criterion in each level. In the second phase, we propose a nonlinear multi-objective mixed integer model that determines the number and location of all facilities (strategic decision), flow in each echelon of CLSC (tactical decision) and supplier selection and order allocation (hybrid decision). The objective functions maximize profit and scores of suppliers and minimize total pollution. To solve the model, we have created a transformation based on the piecewise linearization method. The mathematical programming model illustrated by a real numerical example.
Keywords:
Closed-loop supply chain,
uncertain demand,
performance level,
hybrid motor vehicle,
green supplier selection.
Mathematics Subject Classification:
Primary: 90B06, 90B50; Secondary: 65K05.
Citation:
Masoud Mohammadzadeh, Alireza Arshadi Khamseh, Mohammad Mohammadi. A multi-objective integrated model for closed-loop supply chain configuration and supplier selection considering uncertain demand and different performance levels. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization,
2017, 13
(2)
: 1041-1064.
doi: 10.3934/jimo.2016061
![]()
References:
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S. H. Amin and J. Razmi,
An integrated fuzzy model for supplier management: A case study of ISP selection and evaluation, Expert Systems with Applications, 36 (2009), 8639-8648.
doi: 10.1016/j.eswa.2008.10.012. |
| [2] |
S. H. Amin and G. Zhang,
An integrated model for closed-loop supply chain configuration and supplier selection: Multi-objective approach, Expert Systems with Applications, 39 (2012), 6782-6791.
doi: 10.1016/j.eswa.2011.12.056. |
| [3] |
A. Azaron, K. N. Brown, S. A. Tarima and M. Modarres,
A multi-objective stochastic programming approach for supply chain design considering risk, International Journal of Production Economics, 116 (2008), 129-138.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijpe.2008.08.002. |
| [4] |
A. Azaron, K. Furmans and M. Modarres,
Interactive multi-objective stochastic programming approaches for designing robust supply chain networks, Operations Research Proceedings 2008, (2009), 173-178.
doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-00142-0_28. |
| [5] |
A. Baghalian, S. Rezapour and R. Z. Farahani,
Robust supply chain network design with service level against disruptions and demand uncertainties: A real-life case, European Journal of Operational Research, 227 (2013), 199-215.
doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2012.12.017. |
| [6] |
L. T. Chen,
Dynamic co-opetitive approach of a closed loop system with remanufacturing for deteriorating items in e-markets, Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 33 (2014), 166-176.
doi: 10.1016/j.jmsy.2013.11.002. |
| [7] |
S. Y. Chou and Y. H. Chang, A decision support system for supplier selection based on a strategy-aligned fuzzy SMART approac, Expert Systems with Applications, 34 (2008), 2241-2253. |
| [8] |
L. De Boer, E. Labro and P. Morllacchi, A review of methods supporting supplier selection, European Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 7 (2001), 75-89. |
| [9] |
H. Fallah, H. Eskandari and M. Pishvaee,
Competitive closed-loop supply chain network design under uncertainty, Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 37 (2015), 649-661.
doi: 10.1016/j.jmsy.2015.01.005. |
| [10] |
M. Fleischmann, P. Beullens, J. M. Bloemhof-Ruwaard and L. N. Van Wassenhove,
The impact of product recovery on logistics network design, Productionand and Operations Management, 10 (2001), 156-173.
doi: 10.1111/j.1937-5956.2001.tb00076.x. |
| [11] |
D. Francas and S. Minner,
Manufacturing network configuration in supply chains with product recovery, Omega, 37 (2009), 757-769.
doi: 10.1016/j.omega.2008.07.007. |
| [12] |
X. Gang, Y. Wuyi and W. Shouyang,
Optimal Selection Of Cleaner Products In A Green Supply Chain With Risk Aversion, Journal Of Industrial And Mangement Optimization, 11 (2015), 515-528.
doi: 10.3934/jimo.2015.11.515. |
| [13] |
S. H. Ghodsypour and C. O'Brein,
A decision support system for supplier selection using an integrated analytic hierarchy process and linear programming, International Journal of Production Economics, 56/57 (1998), 199-212.
doi: 10.1016/S0925-5273(97)00009-1. |
| [14] |
B. Giri and S. Sharma, Optimizing a closed-loop supply chain with manufacturing defects, Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 35 (2015), 92-111. |
| [15] |
M. Goh, J. Lim and F. Meng,
A stochastic model for risk management in global chain networks, European Journal of Operational Research, 182 (2007), 164-173.
doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2006.08.028. |
| [16] |
G. Guillen, F. D. Male, M. J. Bagaajewicz, A. Espuna and L. Puigjaner,
Multiobjective supply chain design under uncertainty, Chemical Engineering Science, 60 (2005), 1535-1553.
doi: 10.1016/j.ces.2004.10.023. |
| [17] |
I. Harris, M. Naim, A. Palmer, A. Potter and C. Mumdord,
Assessing the impact of cost optimization based on infrastructure modelling on CO2 emissions, International Journal of
Production Economics, 131 (2011), 313-321.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijpe.2010.03.005. |
| [18] |
W. Ho,
Integrated analytic hierarchy process and its applications --A literature review, European Journal of Operational Research, 186 (2008), 211-228.
doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2007.01.004. |
| [19] |
P. K. Humphreys, Y. K. Wong and F. T. Chan,
Integrating environmental criteria into the supplier selection process, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 138 (2003), 349-356.
doi: 10.1016/S0924-0136(03)00097-9. |
| [20] |
C. L. Hwang and K. Yoon, Multiple Attribute Decision Making: Methods and Applications, Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, 186. Springer-Verlag, Berlin-New York, 1981. |
| [21] |
H. kabza, Hybrid Electric Vehicles: Overview, Encyclopedia of Electrochemical Power Sources, (2009), 249-268. |
| [22] |
C. Kahraman, U. Cebeci and Z. Ulukan,
Multi-criteria supplier selection using fuzzy AHP, Logistics Information Management, 16 (2003), 382-394.
doi: 10.1108/09576050310503367. |
| [23] |
D. Kannan, R. Khodaverdi, L. Olfat and A. Diabat, Integrated fuzzy multi criteria decision making method and multiobjective programming approach for supplier selection and order allocation in a green supply chain, Journal of Cleaner Production, 47 (2013), 355-367. |
| [24] |
H. J. Ko and G. W. Evans,
A genetic-based heuristic for the dynamic integrated forward/reverse logistics network for 3PLs, Computers and Operations Research, 34 (2007), 346-366.
doi: 10.1016/j.cor.2005.03.004. |
| [25] |
Y. J. Lai and C. L. Hwang, Fuzzy Mathematical Programming: Methods and Applications, Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, 394. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1992.
doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-48753-8_3. |
| [26] |
A. H. Lee, H. Y. Kang, C. F. Hsu and H. C. Hung,
A green supplier selection model for high-tech industry, Expert Systems with Applications, 36 (2009), 7917-7927.
doi: 10.1016/j.eswa.2008.11.052. |
| [27] |
D. H. Lee and M. Dong,
Dynamic network design for reverse logistics operations under uncertainty, Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 45 (2009), 61-71.
doi: 10.1016/j.tre.2008.08.002. |
| [28] |
O. Listes,
A generic stochastic model for supply-and-return network design, Computers and Operations Research, 34 (2007), 417-442.
doi: 10.1016/j.cor.2005.03.007. |
| [29] |
A. Najla, M. Haouari and E. Hassini, Supplier selection and order lot sizing modeling: A review, Computers and operations research, 34 (2007), 3516-3540. |
| [30] |
K. R. Pati, P. Vrat and P. Kumar,
A goal programming model for paper recycling system, Omega, 36 (2008), 405-417.
doi: 10.1016/j.omega.2006.04.014. |
| [31] |
S. K. Paul, R. Sarker and D. Essam,
Managing risk and disruption in production-inventory and supply chain systems: A review, Journal Of Industrial And Management Optimization, 12 (2016), 1009-1029.
doi: 10.3934/jimo.2016.12.1009. |
| [32] |
D. Peidro, J. Mula, R. Poler and J. L. Verdegay,
Fuzzy optimization for supply chain planning under supply, demand and process uncertainties, Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 160 (2009), 2640-2657.
doi: 10.1016/j.fss.2009.02.021. |
| [33] |
S. pokharel and A. Mutha,
Perspectives in reverse logistics: A review, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 53 (2009), 175-182.
doi: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2008.11.006. |
| [34] |
J. Shu and J. Sun,
Designing the distribution network for an integrated supply chain, Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 2 (2006), 339-349.
doi: 10.3934/jimo.2006.2.339. |
| [35] |
B. Sundarakani, R. de'Souza, M. Goh, S. M. Wagner and S. Manikandan,
Modeling carbon footprints across the supply chain, International Journal of Production Economics, 128 (2010), 43-50.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijpe.2010.01.018. |
| [36] |
M. Thierry, M. Salomon, J. V. Nunen and L. V. Wassenhove, Strategic issues in product recovery management, California Management Review, 37 (1995), 114-135. |
| [37] |
P. Tsiakis, N. Shah and C. C. Pantelides,
Design of multi echelon supply chain networks under demand uncertainty, Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 40 (2001), 3585-3604.
doi: 10.1021/ie0100030. |
| [38] |
H. Uster, G. Easwaran, E. Akcali and S. Cetinkaya,
Benders decomposition with alternative multiple cuts for a multi-product closed-loop supply chain network design model, Naval Research Logistics, 54 (2007), 890-907.
doi: 10.1002/nav.20262. |
| [39] |
H. F. Wang and H. W. Hsu,
A closed-loop logistic model with a spanning-tree based genetic algorithm, Computers and Operations Research, 37 (2010), 376-389.
doi: 10.1016/j.cor.2009.06.001. |
| [40] |
C. A. Weber, J. P. Current and W. C. Benton,
Vendor selection criteria and methods, European Journal of Operational Research, 50 (1991), 2-18.
doi: 10.1016/0377-2217(91)90033-R. |
| [41] |
G. Xie, W. Yue and S. Wang,
Optimal selection of cleaner products in a green supply chain with risk aversion, Journal Of Industrial Aand Management Optimization, 11 (2015), 515-528.
doi: 10.3934/jimo.2015.11.515. |
| [42] |
Q. Zhai, H. Cao, X. Zhao and C. Yuan,
Assessing application potential of clean energy supply for greenhouse gas emission mitigation: a case study on General Motors global manufacturing, Journal of Cleaner Production, 75 (2014), 11-19.
doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.03.072. |
| [43] |
H. Zimmermann, Fuzzy Set Theory And its Applications, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, 2001.
doi: 10.1007/978-94-010-0646-0. |
show all references
References:
| [1] |
S. H. Amin and J. Razmi,
An integrated fuzzy model for supplier management: A case study of ISP selection and evaluation, Expert Systems with Applications, 36 (2009), 8639-8648.
doi: 10.1016/j.eswa.2008.10.012. |
| [2] |
S. H. Amin and G. Zhang,
An integrated model for closed-loop supply chain configuration and supplier selection: Multi-objective approach, Expert Systems with Applications, 39 (2012), 6782-6791.
doi: 10.1016/j.eswa.2011.12.056. |
| [3] |
A. Azaron, K. N. Brown, S. A. Tarima and M. Modarres,
A multi-objective stochastic programming approach for supply chain design considering risk, International Journal of Production Economics, 116 (2008), 129-138.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijpe.2008.08.002. |
| [4] |
A. Azaron, K. Furmans and M. Modarres,
Interactive multi-objective stochastic programming approaches for designing robust supply chain networks, Operations Research Proceedings 2008, (2009), 173-178.
doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-00142-0_28. |
| [5] |
A. Baghalian, S. Rezapour and R. Z. Farahani,
Robust supply chain network design with service level against disruptions and demand uncertainties: A real-life case, European Journal of Operational Research, 227 (2013), 199-215.
doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2012.12.017. |
| [6] |
L. T. Chen,
Dynamic co-opetitive approach of a closed loop system with remanufacturing for deteriorating items in e-markets, Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 33 (2014), 166-176.
doi: 10.1016/j.jmsy.2013.11.002. |
| [7] |
S. Y. Chou and Y. H. Chang, A decision support system for supplier selection based on a strategy-aligned fuzzy SMART approac, Expert Systems with Applications, 34 (2008), 2241-2253. |
| [8] |
L. De Boer, E. Labro and P. Morllacchi, A review of methods supporting supplier selection, European Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 7 (2001), 75-89. |
| [9] |
H. Fallah, H. Eskandari and M. Pishvaee,
Competitive closed-loop supply chain network design under uncertainty, Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 37 (2015), 649-661.
doi: 10.1016/j.jmsy.2015.01.005. |
| [10] |
M. Fleischmann, P. Beullens, J. M. Bloemhof-Ruwaard and L. N. Van Wassenhove,
The impact of product recovery on logistics network design, Productionand and Operations Management, 10 (2001), 156-173.
doi: 10.1111/j.1937-5956.2001.tb00076.x. |
| [11] |
D. Francas and S. Minner,
Manufacturing network configuration in supply chains with product recovery, Omega, 37 (2009), 757-769.
doi: 10.1016/j.omega.2008.07.007. |
| [12] |
X. Gang, Y. Wuyi and W. Shouyang,
Optimal Selection Of Cleaner Products In A Green Supply Chain With Risk Aversion, Journal Of Industrial And Mangement Optimization, 11 (2015), 515-528.
doi: 10.3934/jimo.2015.11.515. |
| [13] |
S. H. Ghodsypour and C. O'Brein,
A decision support system for supplier selection using an integrated analytic hierarchy process and linear programming, International Journal of Production Economics, 56/57 (1998), 199-212.
doi: 10.1016/S0925-5273(97)00009-1. |
| [14] |
B. Giri and S. Sharma, Optimizing a closed-loop supply chain with manufacturing defects, Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 35 (2015), 92-111. |
| [15] |
M. Goh, J. Lim and F. Meng,
A stochastic model for risk management in global chain networks, European Journal of Operational Research, 182 (2007), 164-173.
doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2006.08.028. |
| [16] |
G. Guillen, F. D. Male, M. J. Bagaajewicz, A. Espuna and L. Puigjaner,
Multiobjective supply chain design under uncertainty, Chemical Engineering Science, 60 (2005), 1535-1553.
doi: 10.1016/j.ces.2004.10.023. |
| [17] |
I. Harris, M. Naim, A. Palmer, A. Potter and C. Mumdord,
Assessing the impact of cost optimization based on infrastructure modelling on CO2 emissions, International Journal of
Production Economics, 131 (2011), 313-321.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijpe.2010.03.005. |
| [18] |
W. Ho,
Integrated analytic hierarchy process and its applications --A literature review, European Journal of Operational Research, 186 (2008), 211-228.
doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2007.01.004. |
| [19] |
P. K. Humphreys, Y. K. Wong and F. T. Chan,
Integrating environmental criteria into the supplier selection process, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 138 (2003), 349-356.
doi: 10.1016/S0924-0136(03)00097-9. |
| [20] |
C. L. Hwang and K. Yoon, Multiple Attribute Decision Making: Methods and Applications, Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, 186. Springer-Verlag, Berlin-New York, 1981. |
| [21] |
H. kabza, Hybrid Electric Vehicles: Overview, Encyclopedia of Electrochemical Power Sources, (2009), 249-268. |
| [22] |
C. Kahraman, U. Cebeci and Z. Ulukan,
Multi-criteria supplier selection using fuzzy AHP, Logistics Information Management, 16 (2003), 382-394.
doi: 10.1108/09576050310503367. |
| [23] |
D. Kannan, R. Khodaverdi, L. Olfat and A. Diabat, Integrated fuzzy multi criteria decision making method and multiobjective programming approach for supplier selection and order allocation in a green supply chain, Journal of Cleaner Production, 47 (2013), 355-367. |
| [24] |
H. J. Ko and G. W. Evans,
A genetic-based heuristic for the dynamic integrated forward/reverse logistics network for 3PLs, Computers and Operations Research, 34 (2007), 346-366.
doi: 10.1016/j.cor.2005.03.004. |
| [25] |
Y. J. Lai and C. L. Hwang, Fuzzy Mathematical Programming: Methods and Applications, Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, 394. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1992.
doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-48753-8_3. |
| [26] |
A. H. Lee, H. Y. Kang, C. F. Hsu and H. C. Hung,
A green supplier selection model for high-tech industry, Expert Systems with Applications, 36 (2009), 7917-7927.
doi: 10.1016/j.eswa.2008.11.052. |
| [27] |
D. H. Lee and M. Dong,
Dynamic network design for reverse logistics operations under uncertainty, Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 45 (2009), 61-71.
doi: 10.1016/j.tre.2008.08.002. |
| [28] |
O. Listes,
A generic stochastic model for supply-and-return network design, Computers and Operations Research, 34 (2007), 417-442.
doi: 10.1016/j.cor.2005.03.007. |
| [29] |
A. Najla, M. Haouari and E. Hassini, Supplier selection and order lot sizing modeling: A review, Computers and operations research, 34 (2007), 3516-3540. |
| [30] |
K. R. Pati, P. Vrat and P. Kumar,
A goal programming model for paper recycling system, Omega, 36 (2008), 405-417.
doi: 10.1016/j.omega.2006.04.014. |
| [31] |
S. K. Paul, R. Sarker and D. Essam,
Managing risk and disruption in production-inventory and supply chain systems: A review, Journal Of Industrial And Management Optimization, 12 (2016), 1009-1029.
doi: 10.3934/jimo.2016.12.1009. |
| [32] |
D. Peidro, J. Mula, R. Poler and J. L. Verdegay,
Fuzzy optimization for supply chain planning under supply, demand and process uncertainties, Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 160 (2009), 2640-2657.
doi: 10.1016/j.fss.2009.02.021. |
| [33] |
S. pokharel and A. Mutha,
Perspectives in reverse logistics: A review, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 53 (2009), 175-182.
doi: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2008.11.006. |
| [34] |
J. Shu and J. Sun,
Designing the distribution network for an integrated supply chain, Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 2 (2006), 339-349.
doi: 10.3934/jimo.2006.2.339. |
| [35] |
B. Sundarakani, R. de'Souza, M. Goh, S. M. Wagner and S. Manikandan,
Modeling carbon footprints across the supply chain, International Journal of Production Economics, 128 (2010), 43-50.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijpe.2010.01.018. |
| [36] |
M. Thierry, M. Salomon, J. V. Nunen and L. V. Wassenhove, Strategic issues in product recovery management, California Management Review, 37 (1995), 114-135. |
| [37] |
P. Tsiakis, N. Shah and C. C. Pantelides,
Design of multi echelon supply chain networks under demand uncertainty, Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 40 (2001), 3585-3604.
doi: 10.1021/ie0100030. |
| [38] |
H. Uster, G. Easwaran, E. Akcali and S. Cetinkaya,
Benders decomposition with alternative multiple cuts for a multi-product closed-loop supply chain network design model, Naval Research Logistics, 54 (2007), 890-907.
doi: 10.1002/nav.20262. |
| [39] |
H. F. Wang and H. W. Hsu,
A closed-loop logistic model with a spanning-tree based genetic algorithm, Computers and Operations Research, 37 (2010), 376-389.
doi: 10.1016/j.cor.2009.06.001. |
| [40] |
C. A. Weber, J. P. Current and W. C. Benton,
Vendor selection criteria and methods, European Journal of Operational Research, 50 (1991), 2-18.
doi: 10.1016/0377-2217(91)90033-R. |
| [41] |
G. Xie, W. Yue and S. Wang,
Optimal selection of cleaner products in a green supply chain with risk aversion, Journal Of Industrial Aand Management Optimization, 11 (2015), 515-528.
doi: 10.3934/jimo.2015.11.515. |
| [42] |
Q. Zhai, H. Cao, X. Zhao and C. Yuan,
Assessing application potential of clean energy supply for greenhouse gas emission mitigation: a case study on General Motors global manufacturing, Journal of Cleaner Production, 75 (2014), 11-19.
doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.03.072. |
| [43] |
H. Zimmermann, Fuzzy Set Theory And its Applications, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, 2001.
doi: 10.1007/978-94-010-0646-0. |
Figure 3.
Approximation of accumulative standard normal distribution function 6
Figure 4.
The solution of the numerical example network
Table 1.
Importance of categories
| Category | DM1 | DM2 | DM3 | TFN1 | TFN2 | TFN3 | Weight of Category |
| Ability | M | M | MH | (3, 5, 7) | (3, 5, 7) | (5, 7, 9) | (3.66, 5.66, 7.66) |
| Responsibility | MH | H | MH | (5, 7, 9) | (7, 9, 10) | (5, 7, 9) | (5.66, 7.66, 9.33) |
| Green | H | H | VH | (7, 9, 10) | (7, 9, 10) | (9, 10, 10) | (7.66, 9.33, 10) |
| Process-related | M | MH | M | (3, 5, 7) | (5, 7, 9) | (3, 5, 7) | (3.66, 5.66, 7.66) |
| Category | DM1 | DM2 | DM3 | TFN1 | TFN2 | TFN3 | Weight of Category |
| Ability | M | M | MH | (3, 5, 7) | (3, 5, 7) | (5, 7, 9) | (3.66, 5.66, 7.66) |
| Responsibility | MH | H | MH | (5, 7, 9) | (7, 9, 10) | (5, 7, 9) | (5.66, 7.66, 9.33) |
| Green | H | H | VH | (7, 9, 10) | (7, 9, 10) | (9, 10, 10) | (7.66, 9.33, 10) |
| Process-related | M | MH | M | (3, 5, 7) | (5, 7, 9) | (3, 5, 7) | (3.66, 5.66, 7.66) |
Table 2.
Importance of criteria
| Criteria | DM1 | DM2 | DM3 | Weight of criteria |
| Delivery (Lead time) | VH | H | H | (8.33, 9.66, 10) |
| Defect rate | MH | M | M | (3.66, 5.66, 7.66) |
| Financial position | MH | M | MH | (4.33, 6.33, 8.33) |
| Training | H | MH | VH | (7, 8.66, 9.66) |
| Number of personnel | VH | H | MH | (7, 8.66, 9.66) |
| Number of personnel | MH | M | M | (3.66, 5.66, 7.66) |
| Green packaging | M | MH | MH | (4.33, 6.33, 8.33) |
| Process flexibility | M | MH | M | (3.66, 5.66, 7.66) |
| Process safety | MH | H | MH | (4.33, 6.33, 8.33) |
| Criteria | DM1 | DM2 | DM3 | Weight of criteria |
| Delivery (Lead time) | VH | H | H | (8.33, 9.66, 10) |
| Defect rate | MH | M | M | (3.66, 5.66, 7.66) |
| Financial position | MH | M | MH | (4.33, 6.33, 8.33) |
| Training | H | MH | VH | (7, 8.66, 9.66) |
| Number of personnel | VH | H | MH | (7, 8.66, 9.66) |
| Number of personnel | MH | M | M | (3.66, 5.66, 7.66) |
| Green packaging | M | MH | MH | (4.33, 6.33, 8.33) |
| Process flexibility | M | MH | M | (3.66, 5.66, 7.66) |
| Process safety | MH | H | MH | (4.33, 6.33, 8.33) |
Table 3.
Assessment supplier 1 in two performance levels
| Criteria | SUPPLIER 1 IN LEVEL 1 | SUPPLIER 1 IN LEVEL 2 | ||||||
| DM1 | DM2 | DM3 | ASSESSMENT SUPPLIER 1 IN LEVEL 1 | DM1 | DM2 | DM3 | ASSESSMENT SUPPLIER 1 IN LEVEL 2 | |
| Delivery (Lead time) | VH | H | MH | (7, 8.66, 9.66) | VH | VH | H | (8.33, 9.66, 10) |
| Defect rate | MH | M | ML | (3, 5, 7) | H | MH | M | (5, 7, 8.66) |
| Financial position | MH | M | M | (3.66, 5.66, 7.66) | MH | MH | M | (4.33, 6.33, 8.33) |
| Training | H | MH | H | (6.33, 8.33, 9.66) | H | H | VH | (7.66, 9.33, 10) |
| Number of personnel | VH | H | MH | (7, 8.66, 9.66) | VH | VH | H | (8.33, 9.66, 10) |
| Number of personnel | MH | M | MH | (4.33, 6.33, 8.33) | H | MH | H | (6.33, 8.33, 9.66) |
| Green packaging | M | MH | M | (3.66, 5.66, 7.66) | MH | H | MH | (5.66, 7.66, 9.33) |
| Process flexibility | M | MH | MH | (4.33, 6.33, 8.33) | MH | H | H | (6.33, 8.33, 9.66) |
| Process safety | MH | H | H | (6.33, 8.33, 9.66) | H | VH | VH | (8.33, 9.66, 10) |
| Criteria | SUPPLIER 1 IN LEVEL 1 | SUPPLIER 1 IN LEVEL 2 | ||||||
| DM1 | DM2 | DM3 | ASSESSMENT SUPPLIER 1 IN LEVEL 1 | DM1 | DM2 | DM3 | ASSESSMENT SUPPLIER 1 IN LEVEL 2 | |
| Delivery (Lead time) | VH | H | MH | (7, 8.66, 9.66) | VH | VH | H | (8.33, 9.66, 10) |
| Defect rate | MH | M | ML | (3, 5, 7) | H | MH | M | (5, 7, 8.66) |
| Financial position | MH | M | M | (3.66, 5.66, 7.66) | MH | MH | M | (4.33, 6.33, 8.33) |
| Training | H | MH | H | (6.33, 8.33, 9.66) | H | H | VH | (7.66, 9.33, 10) |
| Number of personnel | VH | H | MH | (7, 8.66, 9.66) | VH | VH | H | (8.33, 9.66, 10) |
| Number of personnel | MH | M | MH | (4.33, 6.33, 8.33) | H | MH | H | (6.33, 8.33, 9.66) |
| Green packaging | M | MH | M | (3.66, 5.66, 7.66) | MH | H | MH | (5.66, 7.66, 9.33) |
| Process flexibility | M | MH | MH | (4.33, 6.33, 8.33) | MH | H | H | (6.33, 8.33, 9.66) |
| Process safety | MH | H | H | (6.33, 8.33, 9.66) | H | VH | VH | (8.33, 9.66, 10) |
Table 4.
Final score for supplier 1 in two performance levels
| Criteria | Final score 1 | Final score 2 | a1l1 | a1l2 |
| Delivery (Lead time) | (213.41,473.49,739.95) | (248,462.33,760) | 411.6 | 490.1 |
| Defect rate | (39.52,160.17,410.72) | (64.8,219.52,496.73) | 203.3 | 260.3 |
| Financial position | (58,202.78,488.76) | (66.56,222.26,523.56) | 249.8 | 270.3 |
| Training | (250.79,552.57,870.63) | (297.92,607.84,892.8) | 557.9 | 599.5 |
| Number of personnel | (277.34,574.46,870.63) | (325.36,627.45,892.8) | 574.1 | 615.1 |
| Reusable | (121.39,328.1,630.8) | (172.36,432.26,729.6) | 360 | 444.7 |
| Green packaging | (117.64,328.1,630.8) | (183,445.28,771.9) | 358.8 | 466.7 |
| Process flexibility | (55.72,197.56,479.4) | (81.64,260.28,554.49) | 244.2 | 298.7 |
| Process safety | (97.52,292.82,605.56) | (128.484,292.82,630.8) | 331.9 | 350.6 |
| Criteria | Final score 1 | Final score 2 | a1l1 | a1l2 |
| Delivery (Lead time) | (213.41,473.49,739.95) | (248,462.33,760) | 411.6 | 490.1 |
| Defect rate | (39.52,160.17,410.72) | (64.8,219.52,496.73) | 203.3 | 260.3 |
| Financial position | (58,202.78,488.76) | (66.56,222.26,523.56) | 249.8 | 270.3 |
| Training | (250.79,552.57,870.63) | (297.92,607.84,892.8) | 557.9 | 599.5 |
| Number of personnel | (277.34,574.46,870.63) | (325.36,627.45,892.8) | 574.1 | 615.1 |
| Reusable | (121.39,328.1,630.8) | (172.36,432.26,729.6) | 360 | 444.7 |
| Green packaging | (117.64,328.1,630.8) | (183,445.28,771.9) | 358.8 | 466.7 |
| Process flexibility | (55.72,197.56,479.4) | (81.64,260.28,554.49) | 244.2 | 298.7 |
| Process safety | (97.52,292.82,605.56) | (128.484,292.82,630.8) | 331.9 | 350.6 |
Table 5.
score of supplier k in criteria l in performance level w
| aklw | k1 | k2 | k3 | k4 | k5 |
| l1.w1 | 411.6 | 372.5 | 367.7 | 433.4 | 371.1 |
| l2.w1 | 203.3 | 505.9 | 563 | 270.2 | 288.1 |
| l3.w1 | 249.8 | 420.6 | 499.4 | 525.2 | 473.7 |
| l4.w1 | 557.9 | 425.8 | 345.8 | 248.1 | 478.4 |
| l5.w1 | 574.1 | 410.9 | 505.6 | 383.2 | 573.7 |
| l6.w1 | 360 | 225.6 | 561.3 | 491 | 384.1 |
| l7.w1 | 358.8 | 523.9 | 232.9 | 280.4 | 366.7 |
| l8.w1 | 244.2 | 217.6 | 300.8 | 477.9 | 307.8 |
| l9.w1 | 331.9 | 204.7 | 234.2 | 533.9 | 283.9 |
| l1.w2 | 490.1 | 409.7 | 404.4 | 476.7 | 408.2 |
| l2.w2 | 260.3 | 556.4 | 619.3 | 297.2 | 316.9 |
| l3.w2 | 270.3 | 462.6 | 549.3 | 577.7 | 521.1 |
| l4.w2 | 599.5 | 638.7 | 518.7 | 372.1 | 717.6 |
| l5.w2 | 615.1 | 616.3 | 758.4 | 574.8 | 860.5 |
| l6.w2 | 444.7 | 239.1 | 594.9 | 520.4 | 407.1 |
| l7.w2 | 466.7 | 555.3 | 246.8 | 297.2 | 388.7 |
| l8.w2 | 298.7 | 243.7 | 336.8 | 535.2 | 344.7 |
| l9.w2 | 350.6 | 229.2 | 262.3 | 597.9 | 317.9 |
| aklw | k1 | k2 | k3 | k4 | k5 |
| l1.w1 | 411.6 | 372.5 | 367.7 | 433.4 | 371.1 |
| l2.w1 | 203.3 | 505.9 | 563 | 270.2 | 288.1 |
| l3.w1 | 249.8 | 420.6 | 499.4 | 525.2 | 473.7 |
| l4.w1 | 557.9 | 425.8 | 345.8 | 248.1 | 478.4 |
| l5.w1 | 574.1 | 410.9 | 505.6 | 383.2 | 573.7 |
| l6.w1 | 360 | 225.6 | 561.3 | 491 | 384.1 |
| l7.w1 | 358.8 | 523.9 | 232.9 | 280.4 | 366.7 |
| l8.w1 | 244.2 | 217.6 | 300.8 | 477.9 | 307.8 |
| l9.w1 | 331.9 | 204.7 | 234.2 | 533.9 | 283.9 |
| l1.w2 | 490.1 | 409.7 | 404.4 | 476.7 | 408.2 |
| l2.w2 | 260.3 | 556.4 | 619.3 | 297.2 | 316.9 |
| l3.w2 | 270.3 | 462.6 | 549.3 | 577.7 | 521.1 |
| l4.w2 | 599.5 | 638.7 | 518.7 | 372.1 | 717.6 |
| l5.w2 | 615.1 | 616.3 | 758.4 | 574.8 | 860.5 |
| l6.w2 | 444.7 | 239.1 | 594.9 | 520.4 | 407.1 |
| l7.w2 | 466.7 | 555.3 | 246.8 | 297.2 | 388.7 |
| l8.w2 | 298.7 | 243.7 | 336.8 | 535.2 | 344.7 |
| l9.w2 | 350.6 | 229.2 | 262.3 | 597.9 | 317.9 |
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