American Institute of Mathematical Sciences

Advanced
July  2017, (3): 1329-1345. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2016075

Single server retrial queues with setup time

Tuan Phung-Duc

Division of Policy and Planning Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Information and Systems, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan

Received  September 2015 Revised  May 2016 Published  October 2016

Fund Project: The reviewing process of the paper was handled by Wuyi Yue and Yutaka Takahashi as Guest Editors.

This paper considers single server retrial queues with setup time where the server is aware of the existence of retrying customers. In the basic model, the server is switched off immediately when the system becomes empty in order to save energy consumption. Arriving customers that see the server occupied join the orbit and repeat their attempt after some random time. The new feature of our models is that an arriving customer that sees the server off waits at the server and the server is turned on. The server needs some setup time to be active so as to serve the waiting customer. If the server completes a service and the orbit is not empty, it stays idle waiting for either a new or retrial customer. Under the assumption that the service time and the setup time are arbitrarily distributed, we obtain explicit expressions for the generating functions of the joint queue length. We also obtain recursive formulas for computing the moments of the queue length. We then consider an extended model where the server has a closedown time before being turned off for which an explicit solution is also obtained.

Keywords: M/G/1/1 retrial queue, setup time, power-saving, closedown, moments.
Mathematics Subject Classification: 60K25, 68M20, 90B22.
Citation: Tuan Phung-Duc. Single server retrial queues with setup time. Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 2017, (3) : 1329-1345. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2016075
References:
[1]

J. R. Artalejo, Analysis of an M/G/1 queue with constant repeated attempts and server vacations, Computers and Operations Research, 24 (1997), 493-504.  doi: 10.1016/S0305-0548(96)00076-7.

[2]

L. A. Barroso and U. Holzle, The case for energy-proportional computing, Computer, 40 (2007), 33-37.  doi: 10.1109/MC.2007.443.

[3]

W. Bischof, Analysis of M/G/1-queues with setup times and vacations under six different service disciplines, Queueing Systems, 39 (2001), 265-301.  doi: 10.1023/A:1013992708103.

[4]

S. Derkic and J. E. Stafford, Symbolic computation of moments in priority queues, INFORMS Journal on Computing, 14 (2002), 261-277.  doi: 10.1287/ijoc.14.3.261.115.

[5]

S. Drekic, J. E. Stafford and G. E. Willmot, Symbolic calculation of the moments of the time of ruin, Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, 34 (2004), 109-120.  doi: 10.1016/j.insmatheco.2003.11.004.

[6]

T. V. Do, M/M/1 retrial queue with working vacations, Acta Informatica, 47 (2010), 67-75.  doi: 10.1007/s00236-009-0110-y.

[7]

G. I. Falin and J. G. C. Templeton, Retrial Queues Chapman and Hall, London, 1997.

[8]

A. Gandhi, M. Harchol-Balter and M. A. Kozuch, Are sleep states effective in data centers?, Proceedings of IEEE 2012 International Green Computing Conference (IGCC), (2012), 1-10.  doi: 10.1109/IGCC.2012.6322260.

[9]

A. Gandhi, S. Doroudi, M. Harchol-Balter and A. Scheller-Wolf, Exact analysis of the M/M/k/setup class of Markov chains via recursive renewal reward, Proceedings of the ACM SIGMETRICS, (2013), 153-166. 

[10]

A. Gandhi, S. Doroudi, M. Harchol-Balter and A. Scheller-Wolf, Exact analysis of the M/M/k/setup class of Markov chains via recursive renewal reward, Queueing Systems, 77 (2014), 177-209.  doi: 10.1007/s11134-014-9409-7.

[11]

S. Kapodistria, T. Phung-Duc and J. Resing, Linear birth/immigration-death process with binomial catastrophes, Probability in the Engineering and Informational Sciences, 30 (2016), 79-111.  doi: 10.1017/S0269964815000297.

[12]

V. J. Maccio and D. G. Down, On optimal policies for energy-aware servers, Performance Evaluation, 90 (2013), 36-52.  doi: 10.1109/MASCOTS.2013.11.

[13]

I. Mitrani, Managing performance and power consumption in a server farm, Annals of Operations Research, 202 (2013), 121-134.  doi: 10.1007/s10479-011-0932-1.

[14]

T. Phung-Duc, H. Masuyama, S. Kasahara and Y. Takahashi, M/M/3/3 and M/M/4/4 retrial queues, Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 5 (2009), 431-451.  doi: 10.3934/jimo.2009.5.431.

[15]

T. Phung-Duc, H. Masuyama, S. Kasahara and Y. Takahashi, State-dependent M/M/c/c+ r retrial queues with Bernoulli abandonment, Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 6 (2010), 517-540.  doi: 10.3934/jimo.2010.6.517.

[16]

T. Phung-Duc, An explicit solution for a tandem queue with retrials and losses, Operational Research, 12 (2012), 189-207.  doi: 10.1007/s12351-011-0113-7.

[17]

T. Phung-Duc, Impatient customers in power-saving data centers, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 8499 (2014), 185-199.  doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-08219-6_13.

[18]

T. Phung-Duc, Server farms with batch arrival and staggered setup, Proceedings of the Fifth Symposium on Information and Communication Technology, (2014), 240-247.  doi: 10.1145/2676585.2676613.

[19]

T. Phung-Duc, Exact solutions for M/M/$c$/Setup queues Telecommunication Systems 2016. doi: 10.1007/s11235-016-0177-z.

[20]

T. Phung-Duc, Multiserver queues with finite capacity and setup time, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 9081 (2015), 173-187.  doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-18579-8_13.

[21]

T. Phung-Duc, M/M/1/1 retrial queues with setup time, Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 383 (2015), 93-104.  doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-22267-7_9.

[22]

C. Schwartz, R. Pries and P. Tran-Gia, A queuing analysis of an energy-saving mechanism in data centers, Proceedings of IEEE 2012 International Conference on Information Networking (ICOIN), (2012), 70-75.  doi: 10.1109/ICOIN.2012.6164352.

[23]

H. Takagi, Priority queues with setup times, Operations Research, 38 (1990), 667-677.  doi: 10.1287/opre.38.4.667.

[24]

H. Takagi and K. Sakamaki, Symbolic moment calculation for the sojourn time in M/G/1 queues with Bernoulli feedback, Journal of the Operations Research Society of Japan, 42 (1999), 78-87.  doi: 10.1016/S0453-4514(99)80006-4.

[25]

H. Takagi and K. Sakamaki, Moments for M/G/1 queues, Mathematica Journal, 6 (1996), 75-80. 

[26]

H. Takagi and S. Kudoh, Symbolic higher-order moments of the waiting time in an M/G/1 queue with random order of service, Stochastic Models, (1997), 167-179.  doi: 10.1080/15326349708807419.

show all references

References:
[1]

J. R. Artalejo, Analysis of an M/G/1 queue with constant repeated attempts and server vacations, Computers and Operations Research, 24 (1997), 493-504.  doi: 10.1016/S0305-0548(96)00076-7.

[2]

L. A. Barroso and U. Holzle, The case for energy-proportional computing, Computer, 40 (2007), 33-37.  doi: 10.1109/MC.2007.443.

[3]

W. Bischof, Analysis of M/G/1-queues with setup times and vacations under six different service disciplines, Queueing Systems, 39 (2001), 265-301.  doi: 10.1023/A:1013992708103.

[4]

S. Derkic and J. E. Stafford, Symbolic computation of moments in priority queues, INFORMS Journal on Computing, 14 (2002), 261-277.  doi: 10.1287/ijoc.14.3.261.115.

[5]

S. Drekic, J. E. Stafford and G. E. Willmot, Symbolic calculation of the moments of the time of ruin, Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, 34 (2004), 109-120.  doi: 10.1016/j.insmatheco.2003.11.004.

[6]

T. V. Do, M/M/1 retrial queue with working vacations, Acta Informatica, 47 (2010), 67-75.  doi: 10.1007/s00236-009-0110-y.

[7]

G. I. Falin and J. G. C. Templeton, Retrial Queues Chapman and Hall, London, 1997.

[8]

A. Gandhi, M. Harchol-Balter and M. A. Kozuch, Are sleep states effective in data centers?, Proceedings of IEEE 2012 International Green Computing Conference (IGCC), (2012), 1-10.  doi: 10.1109/IGCC.2012.6322260.

[9]

A. Gandhi, S. Doroudi, M. Harchol-Balter and A. Scheller-Wolf, Exact analysis of the M/M/k/setup class of Markov chains via recursive renewal reward, Proceedings of the ACM SIGMETRICS, (2013), 153-166. 

[10]

A. Gandhi, S. Doroudi, M. Harchol-Balter and A. Scheller-Wolf, Exact analysis of the M/M/k/setup class of Markov chains via recursive renewal reward, Queueing Systems, 77 (2014), 177-209.  doi: 10.1007/s11134-014-9409-7.

[11]

S. Kapodistria, T. Phung-Duc and J. Resing, Linear birth/immigration-death process with binomial catastrophes, Probability in the Engineering and Informational Sciences, 30 (2016), 79-111.  doi: 10.1017/S0269964815000297.

[12]

V. J. Maccio and D. G. Down, On optimal policies for energy-aware servers, Performance Evaluation, 90 (2013), 36-52.  doi: 10.1109/MASCOTS.2013.11.

[13]

I. Mitrani, Managing performance and power consumption in a server farm, Annals of Operations Research, 202 (2013), 121-134.  doi: 10.1007/s10479-011-0932-1.

[14]

T. Phung-Duc, H. Masuyama, S. Kasahara and Y. Takahashi, M/M/3/3 and M/M/4/4 retrial queues, Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 5 (2009), 431-451.  doi: 10.3934/jimo.2009.5.431.

[15]

T. Phung-Duc, H. Masuyama, S. Kasahara and Y. Takahashi, State-dependent M/M/c/c+ r retrial queues with Bernoulli abandonment, Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 6 (2010), 517-540.  doi: 10.3934/jimo.2010.6.517.

[16]

T. Phung-Duc, An explicit solution for a tandem queue with retrials and losses, Operational Research, 12 (2012), 189-207.  doi: 10.1007/s12351-011-0113-7.

[17]

T. Phung-Duc, Impatient customers in power-saving data centers, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 8499 (2014), 185-199.  doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-08219-6_13.

[18]

T. Phung-Duc, Server farms with batch arrival and staggered setup, Proceedings of the Fifth Symposium on Information and Communication Technology, (2014), 240-247.  doi: 10.1145/2676585.2676613.

[19]

T. Phung-Duc, Exact solutions for M/M/$c$/Setup queues Telecommunication Systems 2016. doi: 10.1007/s11235-016-0177-z.

[20]

T. Phung-Duc, Multiserver queues with finite capacity and setup time, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 9081 (2015), 173-187.  doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-18579-8_13.

[21]

T. Phung-Duc, M/M/1/1 retrial queues with setup time, Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 383 (2015), 93-104.  doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-22267-7_9.

[22]

C. Schwartz, R. Pries and P. Tran-Gia, A queuing analysis of an energy-saving mechanism in data centers, Proceedings of IEEE 2012 International Conference on Information Networking (ICOIN), (2012), 70-75.  doi: 10.1109/ICOIN.2012.6164352.

[23]

H. Takagi, Priority queues with setup times, Operations Research, 38 (1990), 667-677.  doi: 10.1287/opre.38.4.667.

[24]

H. Takagi and K. Sakamaki, Symbolic moment calculation for the sojourn time in M/G/1 queues with Bernoulli feedback, Journal of the Operations Research Society of Japan, 42 (1999), 78-87.  doi: 10.1016/S0453-4514(99)80006-4.

[25]

H. Takagi and K. Sakamaki, Moments for M/G/1 queues, Mathematica Journal, 6 (1996), 75-80. 

[26]

H. Takagi and S. Kudoh, Symbolic higher-order moments of the waiting time in an M/G/1 queue with random order of service, Stochastic Models, (1997), 167-179.  doi: 10.1080/15326349708807419.

Figure 1.  Transitions among states
Figure Options

Download full-size image

Download as PowerPoint slide

Figure 2.  Transition among states
Figure Options

Download full-size image

Download as PowerPoint slide

Figure 3.  Probability of OFF state against $\alpha$ ($\rho = 0.7$)
Figure Options

Download full-size image

Download as PowerPoint slide

Figure 4.  Mean number of jobs in orbit against $\alpha$ ($\rho = 0.7$)
Figure Options

Download full-size image

Download as PowerPoint slide

Figure 5.  Probability of OFF state against $\alpha$ ($\rho = 0.1$)
Figure Options

Download full-size image

Download as PowerPoint slide

Figure 6.  Mean number of jobs in orbit against $\alpha$ ($\rho = 0.1$)
Figure Options

Download full-size image

Download as PowerPoint slide

[1]

Sheng Zhu, Jinting Wang. Strategic behavior and optimal strategies in an M/G/1 queue with Bernoulli vacations. Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 2018, 14 (4) : 1297-1322. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2018008
[2]

Shaojun Lan, Yinghui Tang. Performance analysis of a discrete-time $ Geo/G/1$ retrial queue with non-preemptive priority, working vacations and vacation interruption. Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 2019, 15 (3) : 1421-1446. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2018102
[3]

Tuan Phung-Duc, Ken'ichi Kawanishi. Multiserver retrial queue with setup time and its application to data centers. Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 2019, 15 (1) : 15-35. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2018030
[4]

Biao Xu, Xiuli Xu, Zhong Yao. Equilibrium and optimal balking strategies for low-priority customers in the M/G/1 queue with two classes of customers and preemptive priority. Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 2019, 15 (4) : 1599-1615. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2018113
[5]

Dequan Yue, Wuyi Yue, Gang Xu. Analysis of customers' impatience in an M/M/1 queue with working vacations. Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 2012, 8 (4) : 895-908. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2012.8.895
[6]

Shan Gao, Jinting Wang. On a discrete-time GI$^X$/Geo/1/N-G queue with randomized working vacations and at most $J$ vacations. Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 2015, 11 (3) : 779-806. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2015.11.779
[7]

Yi Peng, Jinbiao Wu. On the $ BMAP_1, BMAP_2/PH/g, c $ retrial queueing system. Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 2021, 17 (6) : 3373-3391. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2020124
[8]

Ahmed M. K. Tarabia. Transient and steady state analysis of an M/M/1 queue with balking, catastrophes, server failures and repairs. Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 2011, 7 (4) : 811-823. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2011.7.811
[9]

Dequan Yue, Wuyi Yue, Guoxi Zhao. Analysis of an M/M/1 queue with vacations and impatience timers which depend on the server's states. Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 2016, 12 (2) : 653-666. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2016.12.653
[10]

Shaojun Lan, Yinghui Tang, Miaomiao Yu. System capacity optimization design and optimal threshold $N^{*}$ for a $GEO/G/1$ discrete-time queue with single server vacation and under the control of Min($N, V$)-policy. Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 2016, 12 (4) : 1435-1464. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2016.12.1435
[11]

A. Azhagappan, T. Deepa. Transient analysis of N-policy queue with system disaster repair preventive maintenance re-service balking closedown and setup times. Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 2020, 16 (6) : 2843-2856. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2019083
[12]

Veena Goswami, M. L. Chaudhry. Explicit results for the distribution of the number of customers served during a busy period for $M^X/PH/1$ queue. Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 2021  doi: 10.3934/jimo.2021168
[13]

Jerim Kim, Bara Kim, Hwa-Sung Kim. G/M/1 type structure of a risk model with general claim sizes in a Markovian environment. Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 2012, 8 (4) : 909-924. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2012.8.909
[14]

Chandra Shekhar, Amit Kumar, Shreekant Varshney, Sherif Ibrahim Ammar. $ \bf{M/G/1} $ fault-tolerant machining system with imperfection. Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 2021, 17 (1) : 1-28. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2019096
[15]

Ruiling Tian, Dequan Yue, Wuyi Yue. Optimal balking strategies in an M/G/1 queueing system with a removable server under N-policy. Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 2015, 11 (3) : 715-731. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2015.11.715
[16]

Sung-Seok Ko, Jangha Kang, E-Yeon Kwon. An $(s,S)$ inventory model with level-dependent $G/M/1$-Type structure. Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 2016, 12 (2) : 609-624. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2016.12.609
[17]

Zhanyou Ma, Pengcheng Wang, Wuyi Yue. Performance analysis and optimization of a pseudo-fault Geo/Geo/1 repairable queueing system with N-policy, setup time and multiple working vacations. Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 2017, 13 (3) : 1467-1481. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2017002
[18]

Hideaki Takagi. Unified and refined analysis of the response time and waiting time in the M/M/m FCFS preemptive-resume priority queue. Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 2017, 13 (4) : 1945-1973. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2017026
[19]

Arnaud Devos, Joris Walraevens, Tuan Phung-Duc, Herwig Bruneel. Analysis of the queue lengths in a priority retrial queue with constant retrial policy. Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 2020, 16 (6) : 2813-2842. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2019082
[20]

Yutaka Sakuma, Atsushi Inoie, Ken’ichi Kawanishi, Masakiyo Miyazawa. Tail asymptotics for waiting time distribution of an M/M/s queue with general impatient time. Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 2011, 7 (3) : 593-606. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2011.7.593

2021 Impact Factor: 1.411

Tools

Metrics

  • PDF downloads (210)
  • HTML views (418)
  • Cited by (4)

Other articles
by authors

[Back to Top]

Copyright © 2022 American Institute of Mathematical Sciences | Privacy Policy