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Energy management method for an unpowered landing

This work is supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant (No. 61973055), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. ZYGX2019J062) and a grant from the applied basic research programs of Sichuan province (No. 2019YJ0206).

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  • The unpowered landing of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is a critical stage, which affects the safety of flight. To solve the problem of the unpowered landing of UAV, an energy management scheme is proposed. After the cruise is over, the aircraft shuts down the engine and begins to land. When the aircraft is in the high altitude, the dynamic pressure is too large, and it is difficult to open the speed brake. When the aircraft is in the low altitude, it is close to the runway. The method of S-turn may make the aircraft veer off the runway and may be unable to land. So two different schemes of high altitude and low altitude are designed to control energy. In the high altitude, when the energy is too high, it takes the S-turn scheme to consume excess energy. At the same time, the availability and reasonability of the S-turn scheme is demonstrated. In the low altitude, the open angle of speed brake is controlled to adjust the energy consumption. Finally, the simulation results are given to illustrate the availability of energy management.

    Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary: 58F15, 58F17; Secondary: 53C35.

    Citation:

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  • Figure 1.  The full ground track of S-turn scheme

    Figure 2.  Flow chart of terminal energy management at various phase

    Figure 3.  The prediction of range in acquisition phase

    Figure 4.  The prediction of range in HAC-Turn phase

    Figure 5.  Track angle of aircraft

    Figure 6.  The judgment nominal line of aircraft in pre-approach phase

    Figure 7.  The force direction of the aircraft

    Figure 8.  The high energy change of the S-turning scheme

    Figure 9.  The range of the S-turning scheme at high energy

    Figure 10.  The low energy change of the S-turning scheme

    Figure 11.  The range of the S-turning scheme at low energy

    Figure 12.  The angle of speed brake in the nominal case

    Figure 13.  The angle of speed brake at high energy

    Figure 14.  The angle of speed brake at low energy

    Table 1.  The resistance of closed speed brake and opened speed brake

    h(m) $ \rho(kg/m^3) $ $ \alpha (^\circ) $ $ D_c $(N) $ D_o $(N)
    4500 0.7768 4.86 5541 7565
    4000 0.8191 4.74 5643 7782
    3500 0.8632 4.46 5769 8028
    3000 0.9091 4.36 5913 8296
    2500 0.9569 4.12 6071 8558
    2000 1.0065 3.76 11760 14290
    1500 1.0580 3.60 12290 14950
    1000 1.1116 3.44 12840 15630
     | Show Table
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    Table 2.  The control effect of the speed brake

    Speed brake Glide angle (high/low) Touchdown velocity
    Closed $ -9^{\circ}/-15^{\circ}/-19^{\circ} $ 293.4km/h
    Fully opened $ -29^{\circ}/-15^{\circ}/-19^{\circ} $ 290.2km/h
     | Show Table
    DownLoad: CSV
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