On the basic reproduction number $R_0$ in sexual activity models for HIV/AIDS epidemics: Example from Yunnan, China

Nicolas Bacaër; Xamxinur Abdurahman; Jianli Ye; Pierre Auger

doi:10.3934/mbe.2007.4.595

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2007, Volume 4, Issue 4: 595-607. Doi: 10.3934/mbe.2007.4.595

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On the basic reproduction number $R_0$ in sexual activity models for HIV/AIDS epidemics: Example from Yunnan, China

1.
Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (I.R.D.), 32 avenue Henri Varagnat, 93143 Bondy cedex
2.
College of Mathematics and System Sciences, Xinjiang University, 14 Shengli Road, Urumqi, 830046
3.
National Center for Women and Children's Health, Department of Information Management, 13 Dong Tu Cheng Street, Chang Yang District, Beijing, 100013

Received: April 2007

Revised: August 2007

Published: July 2007

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Abstract

Heterogeneity in sexual behavior is known to play an important role in the spread of HIV. In 1986, a mathematical model based on ordinary differential equations was introduced to take into account the distribution of sexual activity. Assuming proportionate mixing, it was shown that the basic reproduction number $R_0$ determining the epidemic threshold was proportional to $M+V/M$, where $M$ is the mean and $V$ the variance of the distribution. In the present paper, we notice that this theoretical distribution is different from the one obtained in behavioral surveys for the number of sexual partnerships over a period of length $\tau$. The latter is a ''mixed Poisson distribution'' whose mean $m$ and variance $v$ are such that $M=m/\tau$ and $V=(v-m)/\tau^2$. So $M+V/M=(m+v/m-1)/\tau$. This way, we improve the link between theory and data for sexual activity models of HIV/AIDS epidemics. As an example, we consider data concerning sex workers and their clients in Yunnan, China, and find an upper bound for the geometric mean of the transmission probabilities per partnership in this context.

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Mathematics Subject Classification: 92D30.

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