American Institute of Mathematical Sciences

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2011, 8(1): i-vi. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2011.8.1i

Preface

Carlos Castillo-Chavez 1, and  Gerardo Chowell 2,

1. 

Mathematical, Computational, and Modeling Sciences Center, Physical Sciences A, P.O. Box, 871904, Tempe, AZ 85287-1904
2. 

Mathematical, Computational & Modeling Sciences Center, School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Box 872402, Tempe, AZ 85287

Published  January 2011

A new A/H1N1 influenza virus strain was officially reported/identified in Mexico City on April 13 2009 and over a period of two-weeks the WHO pandemic alert was moved from level 3 to level 5. By May 2, a total of 141 cases had been confirmed in 19 states across the USA. Additional cases were soon confirmed in fifteen countries in Europe, Canada, New Zealand, and Asia. The global reach of this novel strain became evident when a summer influenza incidence high was reached in Japan by May 16, 2009 [2, 4] just about a month after its identification in the New World.

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Citation: Carlos Castillo-Chavez, Gerardo Chowell. Preface. Mathematical Biosciences & Engineering, 2011, 8 (1) : i-vi. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2011.8.1i
References:
[1]

J. Cohen, "Swine Flu Pandemic Reincarnates 1918 Virus, 24 March 2010,", Available from: (http://news.sciencemag.org/sciencenow/2010/03/swine-flu-pandemic-reincarnates-.html?rss=1), (2010).   Google Scholar

[2]

Tokyo: Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, "Japan, Influenza A(H1N1),", Available from: (http://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/topics/influenza_a/index.html), (2009).   Google Scholar

[3]

Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiol—gica (SINAVE), Mexico City, "Mexico Ministry of Health,", Available from: (http://www.dgepi.salud.gob.mx/sinave/index.htm.), ().   Google Scholar

[4]

H. Nishiura, C. Castillo-Chavez, M. Safan and G. Chowell, Transmission potential of the new influenza A(H1N1) virus and its age-specificity in Japan,, Euro Surveill, 14 (2009).   Google Scholar

[5]

V. Trifonov, H. Khiabanian, B. Greenbaum and R. Rabadan, The origin of the recent swine influenza A(H1N1) virus infecting humans,, Euro Surveill, 14 (2009).   Google Scholar

[6]

G. J. Smith, D. Vijaykrishna, J. Bahl, S. J. Lycett, M. Worobey, O. G. Pybus, S. K. Ma, C. L. Cheung, J. Raghwani, S. Bhatt, J. S. Peiris, Y. Guan and A. Rambaut, Origins and evolutionary genomics of the 2009 swine-origin H1N1 influenza A epidemic,, Nature, 459 (2009), 1122.  doi: doi:10.1038/nature08182.  Google Scholar

[7]

G. Chowell, S. M. Bertozzi, M. A. Colchero, H. Lopez-Gatell, C. Alpuche-Aranda, M. Hernandez and M. A. Miller, Severe respiratory disease concurrent with the circulation of H1N1 influenza,, N. Engl. J. Med., 361 (2009), 674.  doi: doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0904023.  Google Scholar

[8]

J. Taubenberger and D. M. Morens, 1918 Influenza: The mother of all pandemics,, Emerging Infectious Diseases, 12 (2006), 15.   Google Scholar

[9]

G. Chowell, C. Viboud, L. Simonsen, M. A. Miller and R. Acuna-Soto, Mortality patterns associated with the 1918 influenza pandemic in Mexico: evidence for a spring herald wave and lack of pre-existing immunity in older populations,, Journal of Infectious Diseases, 202 (2010), 567.  doi: doi:10.1086/654897.  Google Scholar

[10]

M. A. Miller, C. Viboud, M. Balinska and L. Simonsen, The signature features of influenza pandemics-implications for policy,, N. Engl. J. Med., 360 (2009), 2595.  doi: doi:10.1056/NEJMp0903906.  Google Scholar

[11]

W. W. Thompson, D. K. Shay, E. Weintraub, L. Brammer, N. Cox, L. J. Anderson and K. Fukuda, Mortality associated with influenza and respiratory syncytial virus in the United States,, JAMA, 289 (2003), 179.   Google Scholar

[12]

S. Towers and Z. Feng, Pandemic H1N1 influenza: predicting the course of a pandemic and assessing the efficacy of the planned vaccination programme in the United States,, Euro Surveill. \textbf{14} (2009), 14 (2009).   Google Scholar

[13]

R. Roos, "H1N1 Viruses Gain Tamiflu Resistance Without Losing Fitness,", Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy, (2009).   Google Scholar

[14]

M. Helferty, J. Vachon, J. Tarasuk, R. Rodin, J. Spika and L. Pelletier, Incidence of hospital admissions and severe outcomes during the first and second waves of pandemic (H1N1) 2009,, Canadian Medical Association Journal, ().   Google Scholar

[15]

J. B. Plotkin, J. Dushoff and S. A. Levin, Hemagglutinin sequence clusters and the antigenic evolution of influenza A virus,, PNAS, 99 (2002), 6263.  doi: doi:10.1073/pnas.082110799.  Google Scholar

[16]

J. Lin, V. Andreasen, R. Casagrandi and S. A. Levin, Traveling waves in a model of influenza a drift,, Journal of Theoretical Biology, 222 (2003), 437.   Google Scholar

show all references

References:
[1]

J. Cohen, "Swine Flu Pandemic Reincarnates 1918 Virus, 24 March 2010,", Available from: (http://news.sciencemag.org/sciencenow/2010/03/swine-flu-pandemic-reincarnates-.html?rss=1), (2010).   Google Scholar

[2]

Tokyo: Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, "Japan, Influenza A(H1N1),", Available from: (http://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/topics/influenza_a/index.html), (2009).   Google Scholar

[3]

Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiol—gica (SINAVE), Mexico City, "Mexico Ministry of Health,", Available from: (http://www.dgepi.salud.gob.mx/sinave/index.htm.), ().   Google Scholar

[4]

H. Nishiura, C. Castillo-Chavez, M. Safan and G. Chowell, Transmission potential of the new influenza A(H1N1) virus and its age-specificity in Japan,, Euro Surveill, 14 (2009).   Google Scholar

[5]

V. Trifonov, H. Khiabanian, B. Greenbaum and R. Rabadan, The origin of the recent swine influenza A(H1N1) virus infecting humans,, Euro Surveill, 14 (2009).   Google Scholar

[6]

G. J. Smith, D. Vijaykrishna, J. Bahl, S. J. Lycett, M. Worobey, O. G. Pybus, S. K. Ma, C. L. Cheung, J. Raghwani, S. Bhatt, J. S. Peiris, Y. Guan and A. Rambaut, Origins and evolutionary genomics of the 2009 swine-origin H1N1 influenza A epidemic,, Nature, 459 (2009), 1122.  doi: doi:10.1038/nature08182.  Google Scholar

[7]

G. Chowell, S. M. Bertozzi, M. A. Colchero, H. Lopez-Gatell, C. Alpuche-Aranda, M. Hernandez and M. A. Miller, Severe respiratory disease concurrent with the circulation of H1N1 influenza,, N. Engl. J. Med., 361 (2009), 674.  doi: doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0904023.  Google Scholar

[8]

J. Taubenberger and D. M. Morens, 1918 Influenza: The mother of all pandemics,, Emerging Infectious Diseases, 12 (2006), 15.   Google Scholar

[9]

G. Chowell, C. Viboud, L. Simonsen, M. A. Miller and R. Acuna-Soto, Mortality patterns associated with the 1918 influenza pandemic in Mexico: evidence for a spring herald wave and lack of pre-existing immunity in older populations,, Journal of Infectious Diseases, 202 (2010), 567.  doi: doi:10.1086/654897.  Google Scholar

[10]

M. A. Miller, C. Viboud, M. Balinska and L. Simonsen, The signature features of influenza pandemics-implications for policy,, N. Engl. J. Med., 360 (2009), 2595.  doi: doi:10.1056/NEJMp0903906.  Google Scholar

[11]

W. W. Thompson, D. K. Shay, E. Weintraub, L. Brammer, N. Cox, L. J. Anderson and K. Fukuda, Mortality associated with influenza and respiratory syncytial virus in the United States,, JAMA, 289 (2003), 179.   Google Scholar

[12]

S. Towers and Z. Feng, Pandemic H1N1 influenza: predicting the course of a pandemic and assessing the efficacy of the planned vaccination programme in the United States,, Euro Surveill. \textbf{14} (2009), 14 (2009).   Google Scholar

[13]

R. Roos, "H1N1 Viruses Gain Tamiflu Resistance Without Losing Fitness,", Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy, (2009).   Google Scholar

[14]

M. Helferty, J. Vachon, J. Tarasuk, R. Rodin, J. Spika and L. Pelletier, Incidence of hospital admissions and severe outcomes during the first and second waves of pandemic (H1N1) 2009,, Canadian Medical Association Journal, ().   Google Scholar

[15]

J. B. Plotkin, J. Dushoff and S. A. Levin, Hemagglutinin sequence clusters and the antigenic evolution of influenza A virus,, PNAS, 99 (2002), 6263.  doi: doi:10.1073/pnas.082110799.  Google Scholar

[16]

J. Lin, V. Andreasen, R. Casagrandi and S. A. Levin, Traveling waves in a model of influenza a drift,, Journal of Theoretical Biology, 222 (2003), 437.   Google Scholar

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