\`x^2+y_1+z_12^34\`
Advanced Search
Article Contents
Article Contents

Delay induced spatiotemporal patterns in a diffusive intraguild predation model with Beddington-DeAngelis functional response

Abstract / Introduction Full Text(HTML) Figure(10) / Table(1) Related Papers Cited by
  • A diffusive intraguild predation model with delay and Beddington-DeAngelis functional response is considered. Dynamics including stability and Hopf bifurcation near the spatially homogeneous steady states are investigated in detail. Further, it is numerically demonstrated that delay can trigger the emergence of irregular spatial patterns including chaos. The impacts of diffusion and functional response on the model's dynamics are also numerically explored.

    Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary: 35B32, 35B36, 35K57; Secondary: 92D25, 92D40.

    Citation:

    \begin{equation} \\ \end{equation}
  • 加载中
  • Figure 1.  Numerical solutions of (4) with $\tau = 0.7<\tau^\ast\approx0.7895$ (only the $u_1$ component is plotted here): the positive spatially homogeneous steady state is locally stable.

    Figure 2.  Numerical solutions of (4) with $\tau = 1.2>\tau^\ast\approx0.7895$: a periodic solution bifurcates from the positive spatially homogeneous steady state $E^\ast$.

    Figure 3.  Numerical solutions of the temporal model (left) and numerical solutions of the spatiotemporal model (right) with $\tau = 1$, $(P_2)$ and $(IC_2).$ Here, for the spatiotemporal model (4), average population density for each species is plotted.

    Figure 4.  Numerical solutions of the temporal model (left) and numerical solutions of the spatiotemporal model (right) with $\tau = 1.5$, $(P_2)$ and $(IC_2').$ Here, periodic oscillations are observed for the temporal model and chaotic behavior is observed for the spatiotemporal model.

    Figure 5.  Snapshots of contour maps of the basal resource $u_1$ for the temporal model (left) and spatiotemporal model (right) at $t = 2000$ with $\tau = 1.5$, $(P_2)$ and $(IC_2^\prime).$

    Figure 6.  Snapshots of contour maps of the time evolution of the specie $u_1$ at $t = 200$, $500$, $1000$, $1200$, $1500$, $2500$ with $\tau = 1.5$ under $(P_2)$ and $(IC_2^\prime)$.

    Figure 7.  Snapshots of contour maps of the time evolution of the basal resource $u_1$ with different values of $\tau$ at time $t = 1500$ under $(P_2)$ and $(IC_2^\prime)$. $(\mathrm{ⅰ})\,\tau = 0.86; (\mathrm{ⅱ})\,\tau = 1; (\mathrm{ⅲ})\,\tau = 1.2; (\mathrm{ⅳ})\,\tau = 1.4; (\mathrm{ⅴ})\,\tau = 1.6; (\mathrm{ⅵ})\,\tau = 1.9.$

    Figure 8.  Snapshots of contour maps of the basal resource $u_1$ at time $t = 1500$ with different diffusion coefficients, $\tau = 1.5$, under $(P_2)$ and $(IC_2^\prime)$.

    Figure 9.  Snapshots of contour maps of the time evolution of the basal resource $u_1$ with different values of $b$ and parameter values $\alpha = 0.7, \beta = 0.9, \beta_1 = 1.95, \beta_2 = 1.85, \gamma_1 = 0.2, \gamma_2 = 0.8, c = 5$ at times $t = 1500$ and $\tau = 1.5$ under$(IC_2^\prime)$.

    Figure 10.  10. Snapshots of contour maps of the time evolution of the basal resource $u_1$ with different values of $c$ and parameter values $\alpha = 0.7, \beta = 0.9, \beta_1 = 1.95, \beta_2 = 1.85, \gamma_1 = 0.2, \gamma_2 = 0.8, b = 0.25$ at times $t = 1500$ and $\tau = 1.5$ under$(IC_2^\prime)$.

    Table 1.  Parameters definitions in model (3) and their units, where [resource] indicates basal resource density, [IG prey] indicates IG prey density, and [IG predator] indicates IG predator density

    Symbol Parameter Definition Units
    $r$ Basal resource intrinsic growth rate [time]$^{-1}$
    $K$ Basal resource carrying capacity [Basal resource density]
    $c_1$ Predation rate of IG prey on resource [IG prey]$^{-1}$ [time]$^{-1}$
    $c_2$ Predation rate of IG predator on resource [IG predator]$^{-1}$[time]$^{-1}$
    $c_3$ Predation rate of IG predaotr on IG prey [IG preys][IG predator]$^{-1}$
    [time]$^{-1}$
    $e_1$ Conversion rate from resource to IG prey [IG preys][resource]$^{-1}$
    $e_2$ Conversion rate from resource to IG predator [IG predators][resource]$^{-1}$
    $e_3$ Conversion rate from IG prey to IG predator [IG predators][IG prey]$^{-1}$
    $a_1$ [Half saturation constant]$^{-1}$ [resource]$^{-1}$
    $a_2$ [Half saturation constant]$^{-1}$ [IG predator]$^{-1}$
    $m_1$ Mortality rate of IG prey [time]$^{-1}$
    $m_2$ Mortality rate of IG predator [time]$^{-1}$
    ${\widetilde d}_1$ Diffusion coefficient of resource [length]$^2$[time]$^{-1}$
    ${\widetilde d}_2$ Diffusion coefficient of IG prey [length]$^2$[time]$^{-1}$
    ${\widetilde d}_3$ Diffusion coefficient of IG predatior [length]$^2$[time]$^{-1}$
    $L$ The size of spatial domain $\Omega$ [length]
     | Show Table
    DownLoad: CSV
  • [1] J. D. Murray, Mathematical Biology II: Spatial Models and Biomedical Applications, Spring-Verlag, New York, 2003.
    [2] G. A. PolisC. A. Myers and R. D. Holt, The ecology and evolution of intraguild predation: Potential competitors that each other, Ann. Rev. Ecol. Sys., 20 (1989), 297-330.  doi: 10.1146/annurev.es.20.110189.001501.
    [3] M. H. Posey and A. H. Hines, Complex predator-prey interactions within an estuarine benthic community, Ecol., 72 (1991), 2155-2169.  doi: 10.2307/1941567.
    [4] G. A. Polis and R. D. Holt, Intraguild predation: The dynamics of complex trophic interactions, Trends Ecol. Evol., 7 (1992), 151-154. 
    [5] R. D. Holt and G. A. Polis, A theoretical framework for intraguild predation, Am. Nat., 149 (1997), 745-764.  doi: 10.1086/286018.
    [6] M. Arim and P. A. Marquet, Intraguild predation: A widespread interaction related to species biology, Ecol. Let., 7 (2004), 557-564.  doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2004.00613.x.
    [7] P. Amarasekare, Trade-offs, temporal, variation, and species coexistence in communities with intraguild predation, Ecol., 88 (2007), 2720-2728.  doi: 10.1890/06-1515.1.
    [8] R. Hall, Intraguild predation in the presence of a shared natural enemy, Ecol., 92 (2011), 352-361.  doi: 10.1890/09-2314.1.
    [9] Y. S. Wang and D. L. DeAngelis, Stability of an intraguild predation system with mutual predation, Commun. Nonlinear Sci. Numer. Simulat., 33 (2016), 141-159.  doi: 10.1016/j.cnsns.2015.09.004.
    [10] I. VelazquezD. KaplanJ. X. Velasco-Hernandez and S. A. Navarrete, Multistability in an open recruitment food web model, Appl. Math. Comp., 163 (2005), 275-294.  doi: 10.1016/j.amc.2004.02.005.
    [11] S. B. HsuS. Ruan and T. H. Yang, Analysis of three species Lotka-Volterra food web models with omnivory, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 426 (2015), 659-687.  doi: 10.1016/j.jmaa.2015.01.035.
    [12] P. A. Abrams and S. R. Fung, Prey persistence and abundance in systems with intraguild predation and type-2 functional response, J. Theor. Biol., 264 (2010), 1033-1042.  doi: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2010.02.045.
    [13] A. Verdy and P. Amarasekare, Alternative stable states in communities with intraguild predatiion, J. Theor. Biol., 262 (2010), 116-128.  doi: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2009.09.011.
    [14] M. FreezeY. Chang and W. Feng, Analysis of dynamics in a complex food chain with ratio-dependent functional response, J. Appl. Anal. Comput., 4 (2014), 69-87. 
    [15] Y. Kang and L. Wedekin, Dynamics of a intraguild predation model with generalist or specialist predator, J. Math. Biol., 67 (2013), 1227-1259.  doi: 10.1007/s00285-012-0584-z.
    [16] H. I. Freedman and V. S. H. Rao, Stability criteria for a system involving two time delays, SIAM J. Appl. Math., 46 (1986), 552-560.  doi: 10.1137/0146037.
    [17] G. S. K. Wolkowicz and H. X. Xia, Global asymptotic behavior of chemostat model with discrete delays, SIAM J. Appl. Math., 57 (1997), 1019-1043.  doi: 10.1137/S0036139995287314.
    [18] Y. L. SongM. A. Han and J. J. Wei, Stability and Hopf bifurcation analysis on a simplified BAM neural network with delays, Physica D, 200 (2005), 185-204.  doi: 10.1016/j.physd.2004.10.010.
    [19] S. Ruan, On nonlinear dynamics of predator-prey models with discrete delay, Math. Mod. Nat. Phen., 4 (2009), 140-188.  doi: 10.1051/mmnp/20094207.
    [20] X. Y. MengH. F. HuoX. B. Zhao and H. Xiang, Stability and Hopf bifurcation in a three-species system with feedback delays, Nonlinear Dyn., 64 (2011), 349-364.  doi: 10.1007/s11071-010-9866-4.
    [21] M. Y. Li and H. Shu, Multiple stable periodic oscillations in a mathematical model of CTL-response to HTLV-I infection, Bull. Math. Biol., 73 (2011), 1774-1793.  doi: 10.1007/s11538-010-9591-7.
    [22] H. ShuL. Wang and J. Watmough, Sustained and transient oscillations and chaos induced by delayed antiviral inmune response in an immunosuppressive infective model, J. Math. Biol., 68 (2014), 477-503.  doi: 10.1007/s00285-012-0639-1.
    [23] M. YamaguchiY. Takeuchi and W. Ma, Dynamical properties of a stage structured three-species model with intra-guild predation, J. Comput. Appl. Math., 201 (2007), 327-338.  doi: 10.1016/j.cam.2005.12.033.
    [24] H. ShuX. HuL. Wang and J. Watmough, Delayed induced stability switch, multitype bistability and chaos in an intraguild predation model, J. Math. Biol., 71 (2015), 1269-1298.  doi: 10.1007/s00285-015-0857-4.
    [25] A. Okubo and S. A. Levin, Diffusion and Ecological Problems: Modern perspectives, Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4757-4978-6.
    [26] T. Faria, Stability and bifurcation for a delayed predator-prey model and the effect of diffusion, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 254 (2001), 433-463.  doi: 10.1006/jmaa.2000.7182.
    [27] C. V. Pao, Systems of parabolic equations with continuous and discrete delays, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 205 (1997), 157-185.  doi: 10.1006/jmaa.1996.5177.
    [28] C. V. Pao, Convergence of solutions of reaction-diffusion systems with time delays, Nonlinear Anal., 48 (2002), 349-362.  doi: 10.1016/S0362-546X(00)00189-9.
    [29] J. WangJ. P. Shi and J. J. Wei, Dyanmics and pattern formation in a diffusive predator-prey system with strong Allee effect in prey, J. Diff. Equat., 251 (2011), 1276-1304.  doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2011.03.004.
    [30] C. Tian, Delay-driven spatial patterns in a plankton allelopathic system, Chaos, 22(2012), 013129, 7 pp. doi: 10.1063/1.3692963.
    [31] C. Tian and L. Zhang, Hopf bifurcation analysis in a diffusive food-chain model with time delay, Comput. Math. Appl., 66 (2013), 2139-2153.  doi: 10.1016/j.camwa.2013.09.002.
    [32] W. Zuo and J. Wei, Global stability and Hopf bifurcations of a Beddington-DeAngelis type predator-prey system with diffusion and delay, Appl. Math. Comput., 223 (2013), 423-435.  doi: 10.1016/j.amc.2013.08.029.
    [33] J. Zhao and J. Wei, Dynamics in a diffusive plankton system with delay and toxic substances effect, Nonlinear Anal., 22 (2015), 66-83.  doi: 10.1016/j.nonrwa.2014.07.010.
    [34] L. ZhuH. Zhao and X. M. Wang, Bifurcation analysis of a delay reaction-diffusion malware propagation model with feedback control, Commun. Nonlinear Sci. Numer. Simulat., 22 (2015), 747-768.  doi: 10.1016/j.cnsns.2014.08.027.
    [35] Y. Li and M. X. Wang, Hopf bifurcation and global stability of a delayed predator-prey model with prey harvesting, Comput. Math. Appl., 69 (2015), 398-410.  doi: 10.1016/j.camwa.2015.01.003.
    [36] H. Y. ZhaoX. Zhang and X. Huang, Hopf bifurcation and spatial patterns of a delayed biological economic system with diffusion, Appl. Math. Comput., 266 (2015), 462-480.  doi: 10.1016/j.amc.2015.05.089.
    [37] Q. X. Ye, Z. Y. Li, M. X. Wang and Y. P. Wu, Introduction to Reaction-diffusion Equations (Second Edition), Science Press, Bei Jing, 2011.
    [38] D. Henry, Geometric Theory of Semilinear Parabolic Equations, Springer-Verlag, Berlin/New York, 1981.
    [39] S. Ruan and J. Wei, On the zeros of a third degree exponential polynomial with applications to a delayed model for the control of testoterone secretion, Math. Med. Biol., 18 (2001), 41-52. 
    [40] J. Wu, Theory and Applications of Partial Functional Differential Equations, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1996. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4612-4050-1.
    [41] B. Hassard, N. Kazarinoff and Y. Wan, Theory and Applications of Hopf bifurcation, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1981.
    [42] J. Y. Wakano and C. Hauert, Pattern formation and chaos in spatial ecological public goods games, J. Theor. Biol., 268 (2011), 30-38.  doi: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2010.09.036.
    [43] M. Banerjee, S. Ghoral and N. Mukherjee, Approximated spiral and target patterns in Bazykin's prey-predator model: Multiscale perturbation analysis, Int. J. Bifurcat. Chaos, 27 (2017), 1750038, 14 pp. doi: 10.1142/S0218127417500389.
    [44] H. Malchow, S. V. Petrovskii and E. Venturino, Spatiotemporal Patterns in Ecology and Epidemiology: Theory, Models, Simulations, Chapman & Hall / CRC Press, 2008.
    [45] Q. Ouyang, Pattern Formation in Reaction-Diffusion Systems Shanghai Scientific and Technological Education Publishing House, SHANGHAI, 2000.
  • 加载中

Figures(10)

Tables(1)

SHARE

Article Metrics

HTML views(2584) PDF downloads(442) Cited by(0)

Access History

Other Articles By Authors

Catalog

    /

    DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
    Return
    Return