American Institute of Mathematical Sciences

September  2015, 5(3): 435-452. doi: 10.3934/mcrf.2015.5.435

Strong law of large numbers for upper set-valued and fuzzy-set valued probability

 1 Qilu Securities Institute for Financial Studies, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China, China 2 School of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China

Received  October 2014 Revised  February 2015 Published  July 2015

In this paper, we introduce the concepts of upper-lower set-valued probabilities and related upper-lower expectations for random variables. With a new concept of independence for random variables, we show a strong law of large numbers for upper-lower set-valued probabilities. Furthermore, we extend those concepts and theorem to the case of fuzzy-set.
Citation: Zengjing Chen, Yuting Lan, Gaofeng Zong. Strong law of large numbers for upper set-valued and fuzzy-set valued probability. Mathematical Control & Related Fields, 2015, 5 (3) : 435-452. doi: 10.3934/mcrf.2015.5.435
References:
 [1] Z. Artsteun, Set-valued measures,, Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 165 (1972), 103. doi: 10.1090/S0002-9947-1972-0293054-4. [2] Z. Chen and L. Epstein, Ambiguity, risk and asset returns in continuous time,, Econometrica, 70 (2002), 1403. doi: 10.1111/1468-0262.00337. [3] Z. Chen and P. Wu, Strong laws of large numbers for Bernoulli experiments under ambiguity,, Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing, 100 (2011), 19. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-22833-9_2. [4] Z. Chen, P. Wu and B. Li, A strong law of large numbers for non-additive probabilies,, International Journal of Approximate Reasoning, 54 (2013), 365. doi: 10.1016/j.ijar.2012.06.002. [5] G. Cooman and E. Miranda, Weak and strong laws of large numbers for coherent lower precision,, Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference, 138 (2008), 2409. doi: 10.1016/j.jspi.2007.10.020. [6] G. Debereu and D. Schmeidler, The Radom-Nikodym derivative of a correspondence,, Proc. Sixth Berkeley Sympo. Math. Statist. Probab, 2 (1970), 41. [7] L. DeRobertis and J. A. Hartigan, Bayesian inference using intervals of measures,, Annals of Statistics, 9 (1981), 235. doi: 10.1214/aos/1176345391. [8] L. Epstein and D. Schneider, IID: independently and indistingguishably distributed,, Journal of Economic Theory, 113 (2003), 32. doi: 10.1016/S0022-0531(03)00121-2. [9] P. Huper, The use of Choquet capacities in statistics,, Bulletin of the International Statistical Institute, 45 (1973), 181. [10] F. Maccheroni and M. Marinacci, A strong law of large number for capacities,, Annals of Probability, 33 (2005), 1171. doi: 10.1214/009117904000001062. [11] M. Marinacci, Limit laws for non-additive probabilities and their frequentist interpretation,, Journal of Economic Theory, 84 (1999), 145. doi: 10.1006/jeth.1998.2479. [12] C. V. Negoita and D. A. Ralescu, Applications of Fuzzy sets to Systems Analysis,, Birkhauser, (1975). doi: 10.1007/978-3-0348-5921-9. [13] S. Peng, BSDE and related g-expectation,, Pitman Research Notes in Mathematics Series, 364 (1997), 141. [14] S. Peng, Monotonic limit theorem of BSDE and nonlinear decomposition theorem of Doob-Meyer type,, Probability Theory and Related Fields, 113 (1999), 473. doi: 10.1007/s004400050214. [15] S. Peng, G-expectation, G-Brownian motion and related stochastic calculus of Itô type,, Stochastic Analysis and Applicatios, 2 (2007), 541. doi: 10.1007/978-3-540-70847-6_25. [16] S. Peng, Multi-Dimensional G-Brownian Motion and Related Stochastic Calculus under G-Expectation,, Stochastic Processes and their Applications, 118 (2008), 2223. doi: 10.1016/j.spa.2007.10.015. [17] S. Peng, Survey on normal distributions, central limit theorem, Brownian motion and the related stochastic calculus under sublinear expectations,, Science in China Series A-Mathematics, 52 (2009), 1391. doi: 10.1007/s11425-009-0121-8. [18] S. Peng, Nonlinear expectations and stochastic calculus under uncertainty-with robust central limit theorem and G-Brownian motion, preprint,, , (). [19] M. L. Puri and D. A. Ralescu, Strong law of large numbers with respect to a set-valued probability mesure,, The Annals of Probability, 11 (1983), 1051. doi: 10.1214/aop/1176993455. [20] M. L. Puri and D. A. Ralescu, Fuzzy random variables., Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 114 (1986), 409. doi: 10.1016/0022-247X(86)90093-4. [21] D. A. Ralescu, Radom-Nikodym theorem for fuzzy set-valued measures,, Fuzzy Sets Theory and Applications, 177 (1986), 39. [22] D. A. Ralescu, Strong law of large numbers with respect to a fuzzy probability measure,, Metron, 71 (2013), 201. doi: 10.1007/s40300-013-0022-z. [23] L. Wasserman and J. Kadane, Bayes's theorem for Choquent capacities,, The Annals of Statistics, 18 (1990), 1328. doi: 10.1214/aos/1176347752.

show all references

References:
 [1] Z. Artsteun, Set-valued measures,, Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 165 (1972), 103. doi: 10.1090/S0002-9947-1972-0293054-4. [2] Z. Chen and L. Epstein, Ambiguity, risk and asset returns in continuous time,, Econometrica, 70 (2002), 1403. doi: 10.1111/1468-0262.00337. [3] Z. Chen and P. Wu, Strong laws of large numbers for Bernoulli experiments under ambiguity,, Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing, 100 (2011), 19. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-22833-9_2. [4] Z. Chen, P. Wu and B. Li, A strong law of large numbers for non-additive probabilies,, International Journal of Approximate Reasoning, 54 (2013), 365. doi: 10.1016/j.ijar.2012.06.002. [5] G. Cooman and E. Miranda, Weak and strong laws of large numbers for coherent lower precision,, Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference, 138 (2008), 2409. doi: 10.1016/j.jspi.2007.10.020. [6] G. Debereu and D. Schmeidler, The Radom-Nikodym derivative of a correspondence,, Proc. Sixth Berkeley Sympo. Math. Statist. Probab, 2 (1970), 41. [7] L. DeRobertis and J. A. Hartigan, Bayesian inference using intervals of measures,, Annals of Statistics, 9 (1981), 235. doi: 10.1214/aos/1176345391. [8] L. Epstein and D. Schneider, IID: independently and indistingguishably distributed,, Journal of Economic Theory, 113 (2003), 32. doi: 10.1016/S0022-0531(03)00121-2. [9] P. Huper, The use of Choquet capacities in statistics,, Bulletin of the International Statistical Institute, 45 (1973), 181. [10] F. Maccheroni and M. Marinacci, A strong law of large number for capacities,, Annals of Probability, 33 (2005), 1171. doi: 10.1214/009117904000001062. [11] M. Marinacci, Limit laws for non-additive probabilities and their frequentist interpretation,, Journal of Economic Theory, 84 (1999), 145. doi: 10.1006/jeth.1998.2479. [12] C. V. Negoita and D. A. Ralescu, Applications of Fuzzy sets to Systems Analysis,, Birkhauser, (1975). doi: 10.1007/978-3-0348-5921-9. [13] S. Peng, BSDE and related g-expectation,, Pitman Research Notes in Mathematics Series, 364 (1997), 141. [14] S. Peng, Monotonic limit theorem of BSDE and nonlinear decomposition theorem of Doob-Meyer type,, Probability Theory and Related Fields, 113 (1999), 473. doi: 10.1007/s004400050214. [15] S. Peng, G-expectation, G-Brownian motion and related stochastic calculus of Itô type,, Stochastic Analysis and Applicatios, 2 (2007), 541. doi: 10.1007/978-3-540-70847-6_25. [16] S. Peng, Multi-Dimensional G-Brownian Motion and Related Stochastic Calculus under G-Expectation,, Stochastic Processes and their Applications, 118 (2008), 2223. doi: 10.1016/j.spa.2007.10.015. [17] S. Peng, Survey on normal distributions, central limit theorem, Brownian motion and the related stochastic calculus under sublinear expectations,, Science in China Series A-Mathematics, 52 (2009), 1391. doi: 10.1007/s11425-009-0121-8. [18] S. Peng, Nonlinear expectations and stochastic calculus under uncertainty-with robust central limit theorem and G-Brownian motion, preprint,, , (). [19] M. L. Puri and D. A. Ralescu, Strong law of large numbers with respect to a set-valued probability mesure,, The Annals of Probability, 11 (1983), 1051. doi: 10.1214/aop/1176993455. [20] M. L. Puri and D. A. Ralescu, Fuzzy random variables., Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 114 (1986), 409. doi: 10.1016/0022-247X(86)90093-4. [21] D. A. Ralescu, Radom-Nikodym theorem for fuzzy set-valued measures,, Fuzzy Sets Theory and Applications, 177 (1986), 39. [22] D. A. Ralescu, Strong law of large numbers with respect to a fuzzy probability measure,, Metron, 71 (2013), 201. doi: 10.1007/s40300-013-0022-z. [23] L. Wasserman and J. Kadane, Bayes's theorem for Choquent capacities,, The Annals of Statistics, 18 (1990), 1328. doi: 10.1214/aos/1176347752.
 [1] Roger Metzger, Carlos Arnoldo Morales Rojas, Phillipe Thieullen. Topological stability in set-valued dynamics. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2017, 22 (5) : 1965-1975. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2017115 [2] Dante Carrasco-Olivera, Roger Metzger Alvan, Carlos Arnoldo Morales Rojas. Topological entropy for set-valued maps. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2015, 20 (10) : 3461-3474. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2015.20.3461 [3] Geng-Hua Li, Sheng-Jie Li. Unified optimality conditions for set-valued optimizations. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2019, 15 (3) : 1101-1116. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2018087 [4] Mariusz Michta. Stochastic inclusions with non-continuous set-valued operators. Conference Publications, 2009, 2009 (Special) : 548-557. doi: 10.3934/proc.2009.2009.548 [5] Yu Zhang, Tao Chen. Minimax problems for set-valued mappings with set optimization. Numerical Algebra, Control & Optimization, 2014, 4 (4) : 327-340. doi: 10.3934/naco.2014.4.327 [6] Qingbang Zhang, Caozong Cheng, Xuanxuan Li. Generalized minimax theorems for two set-valued mappings. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2013, 9 (1) : 1-12. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2013.9.1 [7] Sina Greenwood, Rolf Suabedissen. 2-manifolds and inverse limits of set-valued functions on intervals. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - A, 2017, 37 (11) : 5693-5706. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2017246 [8] Zhenhua Peng, Zhongping Wan, Weizhi Xiong. Sensitivity analysis in set-valued optimization under strictly minimal efficiency. Evolution Equations & Control Theory, 2017, 6 (3) : 427-436. doi: 10.3934/eect.2017022 [9] Guolin Yu. Topological properties of Henig globally efficient solutions of set-valued problems. Numerical Algebra, Control & Optimization, 2014, 4 (4) : 309-316. doi: 10.3934/naco.2014.4.309 [10] Michihiro Hirayama. Periodic probability measures are dense in the set of invariant measures. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - A, 2003, 9 (5) : 1185-1192. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2003.9.1185 [11] Qilin Wang, Liu He, Shengjie Li. Higher-order weak radial epiderivatives and non-convex set-valued optimization problems. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2019, 15 (2) : 465-480. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2018051 [12] C. R. Chen, S. J. Li. Semicontinuity of the solution set map to a set-valued weak vector variational inequality. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2007, 3 (3) : 519-528. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2007.3.519 [13] Jiawei Chen, Zhongping Wan, Liuyang Yuan. Existence of solutions and $\alpha$-well-posedness for a system of constrained set-valued variational inequalities. Numerical Algebra, Control & Optimization, 2013, 3 (3) : 567-581. doi: 10.3934/naco.2013.3.567 [14] Guolin Yu. Global proper efficiency and vector optimization with cone-arcwise connected set-valued maps. Numerical Algebra, Control & Optimization, 2016, 6 (1) : 35-44. doi: 10.3934/naco.2016.6.35 [15] Yihong Xu, Zhenhua Peng. Higher-order sensitivity analysis in set-valued optimization under Henig efficiency. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2017, 13 (1) : 313-327. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2016019 [16] Benjamin Seibold, Morris R. Flynn, Aslan R. Kasimov, Rodolfo R. Rosales. Constructing set-valued fundamental diagrams from Jamiton solutions in second order traffic models. Networks & Heterogeneous Media, 2013, 8 (3) : 745-772. doi: 10.3934/nhm.2013.8.745 [17] Shay Kels, Nira Dyn. Bernstein-type approximation of set-valued functions in the symmetric difference metric. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - A, 2014, 34 (3) : 1041-1060. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2014.34.1041 [18] Xing Wang, Nan-Jing Huang. Stability analysis for set-valued vector mixed variational inequalities in real reflexive Banach spaces. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2013, 9 (1) : 57-74. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2013.9.57 [19] Ying Gao, Xinmin Yang, Jin Yang, Hong Yan. Scalarizations and Lagrange multipliers for approximate solutions in the vector optimization problems with set-valued maps. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2015, 11 (2) : 673-683. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2015.11.673 [20] Zhiang Zhou, Xinmin Yang, Kequan Zhao. $E$-super efficiency of set-valued optimization problems involving improvement sets. Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization, 2016, 12 (3) : 1031-1039. doi: 10.3934/jimo.2016.12.1031

2017 Impact Factor: 0.631