In this paper, we analyze a Hegselmann-Krause opinion formation model with attractive-lacking interaction. More precisely, we investigate the situation in which the agents involved in an opinion formation process interact among themselves but can eventually suspend the exchange of information among each other at some times. Under quite general assumptions, we prove the exponential convergence to consensus for the model in presence of possible lack of interaction. We are also able to extend the consensus estimate in the case of Hegselmann-Krause models with time delay effects.
| Citation: |
| [1] |
A. Aydogdu, M. Caponigro, S. McQuade, B. Piccoli, N. Pouradier Duteil, F. Rossi and E. Trélat, Interaction Network, State Space and Control in Social Dynamics, Modeling and Simulation in Science, Engineering and Technology, Active Particles, Volume 1, Advances in theory, models, and applications, 99-140, Birkhäuser/Springer, Cham, 2017.
doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-49996-3_3.
|
| [2] |
N. Bellomo, M. A. Herrero and A. Tosin, On the dynamics of social conflict: Looking for the Black Swan,, Kinet. Relat. Models, 6 (2013), 459-479.
doi: 10.3934/krm.2013.6.459.
|
| [3] |
B. Bonnet and E. Flayac, Consensus and flocking under communication failures for a class of Cucker-Smale systems, Systems Control Lett., 152 (2021), 104930, 10pp.
doi: 10.1016/j.sysconle.2021.104930.
|
| [4] |
A. Borzì and S. Wongkaew, Modeling and control through leadership of a refined flocking system, Math. Models Methods Appl. Sci., 25 (2015), 255-282.
doi: 10.1142/S0218202515500098.
|
| [5] |
F. Bullo, J. Cortés and S. Martínez, Distributed Control of Robotic Networks: A Mathematical Approach to Motion Coordination Algorithms, Princeton series in applied mathematics, Princeton University Press, Princeton, 2009.
doi: 10.1515/9781400831470.
|
| [6] |
S. Camazine, J. L. Deneubourg, N. R. Franks, J. Sneyd, G. Theraulaz and E. Bonabeau, Self-Organization in Biological Systems, Reprint of the 2001 original, Princeton Stud. Complex, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 2003.
|
| [7] |
C. Canuto, F. Fagnani and P. Tilli, A Eulerian approach to the analysis of rendez-vous algorithms, IFAC Proceedings Volumes, 41 (2008), 9039-9044.
doi: 10.3182/20080706-5-KR-1001.01526.
|
| [8] |
C. Canuto, F. Fagnani and P. Tilli, An Eulerian approach to the analysis of Krause's consensus models, SIAM J. Control Optim., 50 (2012), 243-265.
doi: 10.1137/100793177.
|
| [9] |
F. Ceragioli and P. Frasca, Continuous and discontinuous opinion dynamics with bounded confidence, Nonlinear Anal. Real World Appl., 13 (2012), 1239-1251.
doi: 10.1016/j.nonrwa.2011.10.002.
|
| [10] |
Y.-P. Choi and J. Haskovec, Cucker-Smale model with normalized communication weights and time delay, Kinet. Relat. Models, 10 (2017), 1011-1033.
doi: 10.3934/krm.2017040.
|
| [11] |
Y.-P. Choi and Z. Li, Emergent behavior of Cucker-Smale flocking particles with heterogeneous time delays, Appl. Math. Lett., 86 (2018), 49-56.
doi: 10.1016/j.aml.2018.06.018.
|
| [12] |
Y.-P. Choi, A. Paolucci and C. Pignotti, Consensus of the Hegselmann-Krause opinion formation model with time delay, Math. Methods Appl. Sci., 44 (2021), 4560-4579.
doi: 10.1002/mma.7050.
|
| [13] |
Y.-P. Choi and C. Pignotti, Emergent behavior of Cucker-Smale model with normalized weights and distributed time delays, Netw. Heterog. Media, 14 (2019), 789-804.
doi: 10.3934/nhm.2019032.
|
| [14] |
E. Continelli, Asymptotic flocking for the Cucker-Smale model with time variable time delays, Acta Appl. Math., 188 (2023), article number 15, 23 pp.
doi: 10.1007/s10440-023-00625-y.
|
| [15] |
E. Continelli and C. Pignotti, Consensus for Hegselmann-Krause type models with time variable time delays, Math. Methods Appl. Sci., 46 (2023), 18916-18934.
doi: 10.1002/mma.9599.
|
| [16] |
F. Cucker and S. Smale, Emergent behaviour in flocks, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 52 (2007), 852-862.
doi: 10.1109/TAC.2007.895842.
|
| [17] |
J.-G. Dong, S.-Y. Ha, K. Doheon and K. Jeongho, Time-delay effect on the flocking in an ensemble of thermomechanical Cucker-Smale particles, J. Differential Equations, 266 (2019), 2373-2407.
doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2018.08.034.
|
| [18] |
A. Halanay, Differential Equations: Stability, Oscillations, Time Lags, Academic Press, New York and London, 1966.
|
| [19] |
J. K. Hale and S. M. V. Lunel, Introduction to Functional Differential Equations, Applied Mathematical Sciences, 99, Springer, 1993.
doi: 10.1007/978-1-4612-4342-7.
|
| [20] |
J. Haskovec, A simple proof of asymptotic consensus in the Hegselmann-Krause and Cucker-Smale models with normalization and delay, SIAM J. Appl. Dyn. Syst., 20 (2021), 130-148.
doi: 10.1137/20M1341350.
|
| [21] |
J. Haskovec, Direct proof of unconditional asymptotic consensus in the Hegselmann-Krause model with transmission-type delay, Bull. Lond. Math. Soc., 53 (2021), 1312-1323.
doi: 10.1112/blms.12497.
|
| [22] |
J. Haskovec, Flocking in the Cucker-Smale model with self-delay and nonsymmetric interaction weights, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 514 (2022), Paper No. 126261, 12 pp.
doi: 10.1016/j.jmaa.2022.126261.
|
| [23] |
J. Haskovec and I. Markou, Asymptotic flocking in the Cucker-Smale model with reaction-type delays in the non-oscillatory regime, Kinet. Relat. Models, 13 (2020), 795-813.
doi: 10.3934/krm.2020027.
|
| [24] |
R. Hegselmann and U. Krause, Opinion dynamics and bounded confidence models, analysis, and simulation,, J. Artif. Soc. Soc. Simul., 5 (2002), 1-24.
|
| [25] |
A. Jadbabaie, J. Lin and A. S. Morse, Coordination of groups of mobile autonomous agents using nearest neighbor rules, IEEE Trans. Automat. Control, 48 (2003), 988-1001.
doi: 10.1109/TAC.2003.812781.
|
| [26] |
Y. Liu and J. Wu, Flocking and asymptotic velocity of the Cucker-Smale model with processing delay, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 415 (2014), 53-61.
doi: 10.1016/j.jmaa.2014.01.036.
|
| [27] |
J. Lu, D. W. C. Ho and J. Kurths, Consensus over directed static networks with arbitrary finite communications delays, Phys. Rev. E, 80 (2009), 066121, 7 pp.
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.80.066121.
|
| [28] |
G. A. Marsan, N. Bellomo and M. Egidi, Towards a mathematical theory of complex socio-economical systems by functional subsystems representation, Kinet. Relat. Models, 1 (2008), 249-278.
doi: 10.3934/krm.2008.1.249.
|
| [29] |
A. Paolucci, Convergence to consensus for a Hegselmann-Krause-type model with distributed time delay, Minimax Theory Appl., 6 (2021), 379-394.
|
| [30] |
A. Paolucci and C. Pignotti, A note on the Hegselmann-Krause opinion formation model with time-dependent time delay, to appear, Analysis and Numerics of Design, Control and Inverse Problems, Springer Indam Series.
|
| [31] |
B. Piccoli, N. Pouradier Duteil and E. Trélat, Sparse control of Hegselmann-Krause models: Black hole and declustering, SIAM J. Control Optim., 57 (2019), 2628-2659.
doi: 10.1137/18M1168911.
|
| [32] |
B. Piccoli, F. Rossi and E. Trélat., Control to flocking of the kinetic Cucker-Smale model, SIAM J. Math. Anal., 47 (2015), 4685-4719.
doi: 10.1137/140996501.
|
| [33] |
C. Pignotti and I. Reche Vallejo, Flocking estimates for the Cucker-Smale model with time lag and hierarchical leadership, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 464 (2018), 1313-1332.
doi: 10.1016/j.jmaa.2018.04.070.
|
| [34] |
C. Pignotti and E. Trélat, Convergence to consensus of the general finite-dimensional Cucker-Smale model with time-varying delays, Commun. Math. Sci., 16 (2018), 2053-2076.
doi: 10.4310/CMS.2018.v16.n8.a1.
|
| [35] |
S. Y. Pilyugin and M. C. Campi, Opinion formation in voting processes under bounded confidence, Netw. Heterog. Media, 14 (2019), 617-632.
doi: 10.3934/nhm.2019024.
|
| [36] |
M. Rodriguez Cartabia, Cucker-Smale model with time delay, Discrete Contin. Dynam. Systems, 42 (2022), 2409-2432.
doi: 10.3934/dcds.2021195.
|
| [37] |
S. Wongkaew, M. Caponigro and A. Borzì, On the control through leadership of the Hegselmann-Krause opinion formation model, Math. Models Methods Appl. Sci., 25 (2015), 565-585.
doi: 10.1142/S0218202515400060.
|