Performance analysis of transmission rate control algorithm from readers to a middleware in intelligent transportation systems

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2012, 2(2): 357-375. doi: 10.3934/naco.2012.2.357

Performance analysis of transmission rate control algorithm from readers to a middleware in intelligent transportation systems

Sangkyu Baek ^1, , Jinsoo Park ^2, and Bong Dae Choi ^3,

1.	School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, 74 Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, South Korea
2.	Central R&D Laboratory, Korea Telecom, 151 Taebong-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul, South Korea
3.	Department of Mathematics, Sungkyunkwan University, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 440-746, South Korea

Received September 2011 Revised May 2012 Published May 2012

Abstract
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Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems consisting of tags, readers and a middleware are known as one of the promising technologies to be applied to diverse fields for realizing a ubiquitous society. A typical RFID system where RFID readers collect information from tags on vehicles and send the collected data to a middleware has been used primarily for various distribution and logistics applications. The collected information by the middleware is used for many intelligent transportation systems (ITS) applications such as traffic estimation and real-time navigation. We propose a dynamic transmission rate control algorithm between readers and a middleware with limited buffer capacity environment and present analytical performances. We construct 3-dimensional continuous time Markov chains whose Q-matrix has the form of a quasi-birth and death structure. From the analytical model, we obtain performance measures such as packet loss probability and system throughput. We find the maximum number of readers associated with a middleware while satisfying a constraint on packet loss probability.

Keywords: RFID system, Markov chain, readers, middleware, QBD process..

Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary: 68M20; Secondary: 90B18, 90B2.

Citation: Sangkyu Baek, Jinsoo Park, Bong Dae Choi. Performance analysis of transmission rate control algorithm from readers to a middleware in intelligent transportation systems. Numerical Algebra, Control & Optimization, 2012, 2 (2) : 357-375. doi: 10.3934/naco.2012.2.357

References:

[1]	K. Ali and H. Hassanein, Passive RFID for intelligent transportation systems,, in Proc. 6th IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference (CCNC2009), (2009).
[2]	S. Baek, Y. Lim, S. Rhee and K. Choi, Method for estimating population OD matrix based on probe vehicles,, KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 14 (2010), 231. doi: 10.1007/s12205-010-0231-4.
[3]	M. Bhuotani and S. Moradpour, "RFID Field Guide: Deploying Radio Frequency Identification Systems,", Prentice Hall, (2005).
[4]	M. A. Chowdhurry and A. Sadek, "Fundamentals of Intelligent Transportation Systems Planning,", Artech House, (2003).
[5]	J. C. Q. Dias, J. M. F. Calado, A. L. Osório and L. F. Morgado, Intelligent transportation system based on RFID and multi-agent approaches,, Pervasive Collaborative Networks, 283 (2008), 533. doi: 10.1007/978-0-387-84837-2_55.
[6]	EPCglobal, "The EPCglobal Architecture Framework,", 2007. Available from: \url{http://www.epcglobalinc.org/standards/architecture/architecture_1_2-framework-20070910.pdf}., ().
[7]	M. Kim, J. Park, J. Oh, H. Chong and Y. Kim, Study on network architecture for traffic inormation collection systems based on RFID technology,, in Proc. 2008 IEEE Asia-Pacific Services Computing Conference, (2008). doi: 10.1109/APSCC.2008.170.
[8]	G. Latoche and V. Ramaswami, "Introduction to Matrix Analytic Methods in Stochastic Modeling,", ASA and SIAM, (1999).
[9]	S. Moon and B. Yang, Effective monitoring of the concrete pouring operation in an RFID-based environment,, Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 24 (2010), 108. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)CP.1943-5487.0000004.
[10]	C. Oberli, M. Torres-Territ and D. Landau, Performance evaluation of UHF RFID technologies for real-time passenger recognition in intelligent public transportation systems,, IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 11 (2010), 748. doi: 10.1109/TITS.2010.2048429.

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References:

[1]	K. Ali and H. Hassanein, Passive RFID for intelligent transportation systems,, in Proc. 6th IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference (CCNC2009), (2009).
[2]	S. Baek, Y. Lim, S. Rhee and K. Choi, Method for estimating population OD matrix based on probe vehicles,, KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 14 (2010), 231. doi: 10.1007/s12205-010-0231-4.
[3]	M. Bhuotani and S. Moradpour, "RFID Field Guide: Deploying Radio Frequency Identification Systems,", Prentice Hall, (2005).
[4]	M. A. Chowdhurry and A. Sadek, "Fundamentals of Intelligent Transportation Systems Planning,", Artech House, (2003).
[5]	J. C. Q. Dias, J. M. F. Calado, A. L. Osório and L. F. Morgado, Intelligent transportation system based on RFID and multi-agent approaches,, Pervasive Collaborative Networks, 283 (2008), 533. doi: 10.1007/978-0-387-84837-2_55.
[6]	EPCglobal, "The EPCglobal Architecture Framework,", 2007. Available from: \url{http://www.epcglobalinc.org/standards/architecture/architecture_1_2-framework-20070910.pdf}., ().
[7]	M. Kim, J. Park, J. Oh, H. Chong and Y. Kim, Study on network architecture for traffic inormation collection systems based on RFID technology,, in Proc. 2008 IEEE Asia-Pacific Services Computing Conference, (2008). doi: 10.1109/APSCC.2008.170.
[8]	G. Latoche and V. Ramaswami, "Introduction to Matrix Analytic Methods in Stochastic Modeling,", ASA and SIAM, (1999).
[9]	S. Moon and B. Yang, Effective monitoring of the concrete pouring operation in an RFID-based environment,, Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 24 (2010), 108. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)CP.1943-5487.0000004.
[10]	C. Oberli, M. Torres-Territ and D. Landau, Performance evaluation of UHF RFID technologies for real-time passenger recognition in intelligent public transportation systems,, IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 11 (2010), 748. doi: 10.1109/TITS.2010.2048429.

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