American Institute of Mathematical Sciences

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June  2011, 6(2): 167-194. doi: 10.3934/nhm.2011.6.167

A central limit theorem for pulled fronts in a random medium

James Nolen 1,

1. 

Department of Mathematics, Duke University, Box 90320, Durham, NC, 27708-0320, United States

Received  August 2010 Revised  February 2011 Published  May 2011

We consider solutions to a nonlinear reaction diffusion equation when the reaction term varies randomly with respect to the spatial coordinate. The nonlinearity is the KPP type nonlinearity. For a stationary and ergodic medium, and for certain initial condition, the solution develops a moving front that has a deterministic asymptotic speed in the large time limit. The main result of this article is a central limit theorem for the position of the front, in the supercritical regime, if the medium satisfies a mixing condition.
Keywords: Front propagation, reaction-diffusion., random media.
Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary: 35R60; Secondary: 35K57, 60H9.
Citation: James Nolen. A central limit theorem for pulled fronts in a random medium. Networks & Heterogeneous Media, 2011, 6 (2) : 167-194. doi: 10.3934/nhm.2011.6.167
References:
[1]

M. Bages, P. Martinez and J.-M. Roquejoffre, How traveling waves attract the solutions of KPP-type equations,, preprint 2010., (2010). Google Scholar

[2]

H. Berestycki and F. Hamel, Front propagation in periodic excitable media,, Comm. Pure Appl. Math., 55 (2002), 949. doi: 10.1002/cpa.3022. Google Scholar

[3]

H. Berestycki and F. Hamel, Generalized travelling waves for reaction-diffusion equations,, In:, 446 (2007), 101. Google Scholar

[4]

P. Billingsley, "Convergence of Probability Measures,", John Wiley and Sons, (1968). Google Scholar

[5]

E. Brunet, B. Derrida, A. H. Mueller and S. Munier, Phenomenological theory giving the full statistics of the position of fluctuating pulled fronts,, Phys. Rev. E, 73 (2006). doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.73.056126. Google Scholar

[6]

S. Chatterjee, A new method of normal approximation,, Ann. Probab., 36 (2008), 1584. doi: 10.1214/07-AOP370. Google Scholar

[7]

R. Fisher, The wave of advance of advantageous genes,, Ann. Eugenics, 7 (1937), 355. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-1809.1937.tb02153.x. Google Scholar

[8]

M. Freidlin, "Functional Integration and Partial Differential Equations,", Ann. Math. Stud. 109, (1985). Google Scholar

[9]

J. Gärtner and M. I. Freidlin, The propagation of concentration waves in periodic and random media,, Dokl. Acad. Nauk SSSR, 249 (1979), 521. Google Scholar

[10]

P. Hall and C. C. Heyde, "Martingale Limit Theory and its Application,", Academic Press, (1980). Google Scholar

[11]

F. Hamel and L. Roques, Uniqueness and stability properties of monostable pulsating fronts,, J. European Math. Soc., 13 (2011), 345. doi: 10.4171/JEMS/256. Google Scholar

[12]

A. N. Kolmogorov, I. G. Petrovskii and N. S. Piskunov, Étude de l'équation de la chaleurde matiére et son application à un problème biologique,, Bull. Moskov. Gos. Univ. Mat. Mekh., 1 (1937), 1. Google Scholar

[13]

P.-L. Lions and P. E. Souganidis, Homogenization of viscous Hamilton-Jacobi equations in stationary ergodic media,, Comm. Partial Diff. Eqn., 30 (2005), 335. doi: 10.1081/PDE-200050077. Google Scholar

[14]

A. Majda and P. E. Souganidis, Flame fronts in a turbulent combustion model with fractal velocity fields,, Comm. Pure Appl. Math., 51 (1998), 1337. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0312(199811/12)51:11/12<1337::AID-CPA4>3.0.CO;2-B. Google Scholar

[15]

P. Martinez and J.-M. Roquejoffre, Convergence to critical waves in KPP-type equations,, Preprint 2010., (2010). Google Scholar

[16]

A. Mellet, J. Nolen, J.-M. Roquejoffre and L. Ryzhik, Stability of generalized transition fronts,, Communications in PDE, 34 (2009), 521. doi: 10.1080/03605300902768677. Google Scholar

[17]

C. Mueller and R. Sowers, Random travelling waves for the KPP equation with noise,, J. Funct. Anal., 128 (1995), 439. doi: 10.1006/jfan.1995.1038. Google Scholar

[18]

J. Nolen, An invariance principle for random traveling waves in one dimension,, SIAM J. Math. Anal., 43 (2011), 153. doi: 10.1137/090746513. Google Scholar

[19]

J. Nolen and L. Ryzhik, Traveling waves in a one-dimensional heterogeneous medium,, AIHP - Analyse Non Linéaire, 26 (2009), 1021. Google Scholar

[20]

J. Nolen and J. Xin, Asymptotic spreading of KPP reactive fronts in incompressible space-time random flows,, AIHP - Analyse Non Linéaire, 26 (2008), 815. Google Scholar

[21]

J. Nolen and J. Xin, KPP fronts in 1D random drift,, Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems B, 11 (2009), 421. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2009.11.421. Google Scholar

[22]

A. Rocco, U. Ebert and W. van Saarloos, Subdiffusive fluctuations of "pulled" fronts with multiplicative noise,, Phys. Rev. E, 62 (2000). doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.62.R13. Google Scholar

[23]

W. Shen, Traveling waves in diffusive random media,, J. Dynamics and Diff. Eqns., 16 (2004), 1011. doi: 10.1007/s10884-004-7832-x. Google Scholar

[24]

R. Tribe, A travelling wave solution to the Kolmogorov equation with noise,, Stochastics Stochastics Rep., 56 (1996), 317. Google Scholar

[25]

W. van Saarloos, Front propagation into unstable states,, Physics Reports, 386 (2003), 29. doi: 10.1016/j.physrep.2003.08.001. Google Scholar

[26]

J. Xin, "An Introduction to Fronts in Random Media,", Springer, (2009). doi: 10.1007/978-0-387-87683-2. Google Scholar

show all references

References:
[1]

M. Bages, P. Martinez and J.-M. Roquejoffre, How traveling waves attract the solutions of KPP-type equations,, preprint 2010., (2010). Google Scholar

[2]

H. Berestycki and F. Hamel, Front propagation in periodic excitable media,, Comm. Pure Appl. Math., 55 (2002), 949. doi: 10.1002/cpa.3022. Google Scholar

[3]

H. Berestycki and F. Hamel, Generalized travelling waves for reaction-diffusion equations,, In:, 446 (2007), 101. Google Scholar

[4]

P. Billingsley, "Convergence of Probability Measures,", John Wiley and Sons, (1968). Google Scholar

[5]

E. Brunet, B. Derrida, A. H. Mueller and S. Munier, Phenomenological theory giving the full statistics of the position of fluctuating pulled fronts,, Phys. Rev. E, 73 (2006). doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.73.056126. Google Scholar

[6]

S. Chatterjee, A new method of normal approximation,, Ann. Probab., 36 (2008), 1584. doi: 10.1214/07-AOP370. Google Scholar

[7]

R. Fisher, The wave of advance of advantageous genes,, Ann. Eugenics, 7 (1937), 355. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-1809.1937.tb02153.x. Google Scholar

[8]

M. Freidlin, "Functional Integration and Partial Differential Equations,", Ann. Math. Stud. 109, (1985). Google Scholar

[9]

J. Gärtner and M. I. Freidlin, The propagation of concentration waves in periodic and random media,, Dokl. Acad. Nauk SSSR, 249 (1979), 521. Google Scholar

[10]

P. Hall and C. C. Heyde, "Martingale Limit Theory and its Application,", Academic Press, (1980). Google Scholar

[11]

F. Hamel and L. Roques, Uniqueness and stability properties of monostable pulsating fronts,, J. European Math. Soc., 13 (2011), 345. doi: 10.4171/JEMS/256. Google Scholar

[12]

A. N. Kolmogorov, I. G. Petrovskii and N. S. Piskunov, Étude de l'équation de la chaleurde matiére et son application à un problème biologique,, Bull. Moskov. Gos. Univ. Mat. Mekh., 1 (1937), 1. Google Scholar

[13]

P.-L. Lions and P. E. Souganidis, Homogenization of viscous Hamilton-Jacobi equations in stationary ergodic media,, Comm. Partial Diff. Eqn., 30 (2005), 335. doi: 10.1081/PDE-200050077. Google Scholar

[14]

A. Majda and P. E. Souganidis, Flame fronts in a turbulent combustion model with fractal velocity fields,, Comm. Pure Appl. Math., 51 (1998), 1337. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0312(199811/12)51:11/12<1337::AID-CPA4>3.0.CO;2-B. Google Scholar

[15]

P. Martinez and J.-M. Roquejoffre, Convergence to critical waves in KPP-type equations,, Preprint 2010., (2010). Google Scholar

[16]

A. Mellet, J. Nolen, J.-M. Roquejoffre and L. Ryzhik, Stability of generalized transition fronts,, Communications in PDE, 34 (2009), 521. doi: 10.1080/03605300902768677. Google Scholar

[17]

C. Mueller and R. Sowers, Random travelling waves for the KPP equation with noise,, J. Funct. Anal., 128 (1995), 439. doi: 10.1006/jfan.1995.1038. Google Scholar

[18]

J. Nolen, An invariance principle for random traveling waves in one dimension,, SIAM J. Math. Anal., 43 (2011), 153. doi: 10.1137/090746513. Google Scholar

[19]

J. Nolen and L. Ryzhik, Traveling waves in a one-dimensional heterogeneous medium,, AIHP - Analyse Non Linéaire, 26 (2009), 1021. Google Scholar

[20]

J. Nolen and J. Xin, Asymptotic spreading of KPP reactive fronts in incompressible space-time random flows,, AIHP - Analyse Non Linéaire, 26 (2008), 815. Google Scholar

[21]

J. Nolen and J. Xin, KPP fronts in 1D random drift,, Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems B, 11 (2009), 421. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2009.11.421. Google Scholar

[22]

A. Rocco, U. Ebert and W. van Saarloos, Subdiffusive fluctuations of "pulled" fronts with multiplicative noise,, Phys. Rev. E, 62 (2000). doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.62.R13. Google Scholar

[23]

W. Shen, Traveling waves in diffusive random media,, J. Dynamics and Diff. Eqns., 16 (2004), 1011. doi: 10.1007/s10884-004-7832-x. Google Scholar

[24]

R. Tribe, A travelling wave solution to the Kolmogorov equation with noise,, Stochastics Stochastics Rep., 56 (1996), 317. Google Scholar

[25]

W. van Saarloos, Front propagation into unstable states,, Physics Reports, 386 (2003), 29. doi: 10.1016/j.physrep.2003.08.001. Google Scholar

[26]

J. Xin, "An Introduction to Fronts in Random Media,", Springer, (2009). doi: 10.1007/978-0-387-87683-2. Google Scholar

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