Numerical simulation of a SIS epidemic model based on a nonlinear Volterra integral equation

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2015, 2015(special): 826-834. doi: 10.3934/proc.2015.0826

Numerical simulation of a SIS epidemic model based on a nonlinear Volterra integral equation

1.	Department of Mathematics and Applications, University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia, I-80126 Naples

Received September 2014 Revised July 2015 Published November 2015

Abstract
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We consider a SIS epidemic model based on a Volterra integral equation and we compare the dynamical behavior of the analytical solution and its numerical approximation obtained by direct quadrature methods. We prove that, under suitable assumptions, the numerical scheme preserves the qualitative properties of the continuous equation and we show that, as the stepsize tends to zero, the numerical bifurcation points tend to the continuous ones.

Keywords: Volterra integral equations, bifurcations, numerical stability..

Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary: 45D05, 65R20; Secondary: 65L2.

Citation: Eleonora Messina. Numerical simulation of a SIS epidemic model based on a nonlinear Volterra integral equation. Conference Publications, 2015, 2015 (special) : 826-834. doi: 10.3934/proc.2015.0826

References:

[1]	R. P.Agarwal and D. O'Regan, Integral and Integrodifferential Equations: Theory, Methods and Applications., Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, (2000). Google Scholar
[2]	M. Annunziato, H. Brunner and E. Messina, Asymptotic stability of solutions to Volterra-renewal integral equations with space maps,, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 395 (2012), 766. Google Scholar
[3]	C. T. H. Baker and M. S. Keech, Stability regions in the numerical treatment of Volterra integral equations,, SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 15 (1978), 394. Google Scholar
[4]	F. Brauer, On a nonlinear integral equation for population growth problems,, SIAM J. Math. Anal., 6 (1975), 312. Google Scholar
[5]	H. Brunner, Collocation methods for Volterra integral and related functional differential equations,, Cambridge Monographs on Applied and Computational Mathematics, (2004). Google Scholar
[6]	H. Brunner and P. J. van der Houwen, The Numerical Solution of Volterra Equations,, CWI Monographs, (1986). Google Scholar
[7]	A. Buonocore, A. G. Nobile and L. M. Ricciardi, A new integral equation for the evaluation of first-passage-time probability densities,, Adv. in Appl. Probab., 19 (1987), 784. Google Scholar
[8]	K. L. Cooke, An epidemic equation with immigration,, Math. Biosci., 29 (1976), 1. Google Scholar
[9]	O. Diekmann, Limiting behaviour in an epidemic model,, Nonlinear Anal., 1 (): 459. Google Scholar
[10]	J. T. Edwards, N. J. Ford and J. A. Roberts, Bifurcations in numerical methods for Volterra integro-differential equations., Internat. J. Bifur. Chaos Appl. Sci. Engrg., 13 (2003), 3255. Google Scholar
[11]	P. P. B. Eggermont and C. Lubich, Uniform error estimates of operational quadrature methods for nonlinear convolution equations on the half-line., Math. Comp., 56 (1991), 149. Google Scholar
[12]	S. Elaydi, An introduction to difference equations., Third edition. Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics. Springer, (2005). Google Scholar
[13]	N. J. Ford and C. T. H. Baker, Qualitative behaviour and stability of solutions of discretised nonlinear Volterra integral equations of convolution type., Proceedings of the Sixth International Congress on Computational and Applied Mathematics (Leuven, 66 (1996), 1. Google Scholar
[14]	G. Gripenberg, S.-O. Londen and O. Staffans, Volterra integral and functional equations., Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications, (1990). Google Scholar
[15]	M. Gyllenberg, Nonlinear age-dependent population dynamics in continuously propagated bacterial cultures,, Math. Biosci. 62 (1982), 62 (1982). Google Scholar
[16]	I. Győri and D.W. Reynolds, On admissibility of the resolvent of discrete Volterra equations,, J. Difference Equ. Appl. 16 (2010), 16 (2010), 1393. Google Scholar
[17]	H. W. Hethcote and P. van den Driessche, An SIS epidemic model with variable population size and a delay., J. Math. Biol. 34 (1995), 34 (1995). Google Scholar
[18]	V. B. Kolmanovskii, A. D. Myshkis and J.-P. Richard, Estimate of solutions for some Volterra difference equations. Lakshmikantham's legacy: a tribute on his 75th birthday,, Nonlinear Anal. 40 (2000), 40 (2000), 1. Google Scholar
[19]	P. Linz, Analytical and numerical methods for Volterra Equations,, Philadelphia: S.I.A.M., (1985). Google Scholar
[20]	S.-O. Londen, On a nonlinear Volterra integral equation,, J. Differential Equations 14 (1973), 14 (1973). Google Scholar
[21]	Ch. Lubich, On the stability of linear multistep methods for Volterra convolution equations., IMA J. Numer. Anal., 3 (1983), 439. Google Scholar
[22]	E. Messina, Y. Muroya, E. Russo, and A. Vecchio, On the stability of numerical methods for nonlinear Volterra integral equations., Discrete Dyn. Nat. Soc., (2010). Google Scholar
[23]	E. Messina, E. Russo, and A. Vecchio, Comparing analytical and numerical solution of a nonlinear two-delay integral equations., Math. Comput. Simulation 81(5) (2011), 81 (2011), 1017. Google Scholar
[24]	R. K. Miller, On the linearization of Volterra integral equations., J. Math. Anal. Appl., 23 (1968), 198. Google Scholar
[25]	Y. Song and C. T. H. Baker, Perturbation theory for discrete Volterra equations., J. Difference Equ. Appl., 9 (2003), 969. Google Scholar
[26]	P. van den Driessche, J. Watmough, A simple SIS epidemic model with a backward bifurcation., J. Math. Biol., 40 (2000), 525. Google Scholar
[27]	A. Vecchio, Stability of Direct Quadrature methods for systems of Volterra integral equations., J. of Comput. Meth. in Sci. and Eng., 3 (2003), 71. Google Scholar
[28]	A. Vecchio, On the resolvent kernel of Volterra discrete equations., Funct. Differ. Equ., 6 (1999), 1. Google Scholar

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References:

[1]	R. P.Agarwal and D. O'Regan, Integral and Integrodifferential Equations: Theory, Methods and Applications., Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, (2000). Google Scholar
[2]	M. Annunziato, H. Brunner and E. Messina, Asymptotic stability of solutions to Volterra-renewal integral equations with space maps,, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 395 (2012), 766. Google Scholar
[3]	C. T. H. Baker and M. S. Keech, Stability regions in the numerical treatment of Volterra integral equations,, SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 15 (1978), 394. Google Scholar
[4]	F. Brauer, On a nonlinear integral equation for population growth problems,, SIAM J. Math. Anal., 6 (1975), 312. Google Scholar
[5]	H. Brunner, Collocation methods for Volterra integral and related functional differential equations,, Cambridge Monographs on Applied and Computational Mathematics, (2004). Google Scholar
[6]	H. Brunner and P. J. van der Houwen, The Numerical Solution of Volterra Equations,, CWI Monographs, (1986). Google Scholar
[7]	A. Buonocore, A. G. Nobile and L. M. Ricciardi, A new integral equation for the evaluation of first-passage-time probability densities,, Adv. in Appl. Probab., 19 (1987), 784. Google Scholar
[8]	K. L. Cooke, An epidemic equation with immigration,, Math. Biosci., 29 (1976), 1. Google Scholar
[9]	O. Diekmann, Limiting behaviour in an epidemic model,, Nonlinear Anal., 1 (): 459. Google Scholar
[10]	J. T. Edwards, N. J. Ford and J. A. Roberts, Bifurcations in numerical methods for Volterra integro-differential equations., Internat. J. Bifur. Chaos Appl. Sci. Engrg., 13 (2003), 3255. Google Scholar
[11]	P. P. B. Eggermont and C. Lubich, Uniform error estimates of operational quadrature methods for nonlinear convolution equations on the half-line., Math. Comp., 56 (1991), 149. Google Scholar
[12]	S. Elaydi, An introduction to difference equations., Third edition. Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics. Springer, (2005). Google Scholar
[13]	N. J. Ford and C. T. H. Baker, Qualitative behaviour and stability of solutions of discretised nonlinear Volterra integral equations of convolution type., Proceedings of the Sixth International Congress on Computational and Applied Mathematics (Leuven, 66 (1996), 1. Google Scholar
[14]	G. Gripenberg, S.-O. Londen and O. Staffans, Volterra integral and functional equations., Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications, (1990). Google Scholar
[15]	M. Gyllenberg, Nonlinear age-dependent population dynamics in continuously propagated bacterial cultures,, Math. Biosci. 62 (1982), 62 (1982). Google Scholar
[16]	I. Győri and D.W. Reynolds, On admissibility of the resolvent of discrete Volterra equations,, J. Difference Equ. Appl. 16 (2010), 16 (2010), 1393. Google Scholar
[17]	H. W. Hethcote and P. van den Driessche, An SIS epidemic model with variable population size and a delay., J. Math. Biol. 34 (1995), 34 (1995). Google Scholar
[18]	V. B. Kolmanovskii, A. D. Myshkis and J.-P. Richard, Estimate of solutions for some Volterra difference equations. Lakshmikantham's legacy: a tribute on his 75th birthday,, Nonlinear Anal. 40 (2000), 40 (2000), 1. Google Scholar
[19]	P. Linz, Analytical and numerical methods for Volterra Equations,, Philadelphia: S.I.A.M., (1985). Google Scholar
[20]	S.-O. Londen, On a nonlinear Volterra integral equation,, J. Differential Equations 14 (1973), 14 (1973). Google Scholar
[21]	Ch. Lubich, On the stability of linear multistep methods for Volterra convolution equations., IMA J. Numer. Anal., 3 (1983), 439. Google Scholar
[22]	E. Messina, Y. Muroya, E. Russo, and A. Vecchio, On the stability of numerical methods for nonlinear Volterra integral equations., Discrete Dyn. Nat. Soc., (2010). Google Scholar
[23]	E. Messina, E. Russo, and A. Vecchio, Comparing analytical and numerical solution of a nonlinear two-delay integral equations., Math. Comput. Simulation 81(5) (2011), 81 (2011), 1017. Google Scholar
[24]	R. K. Miller, On the linearization of Volterra integral equations., J. Math. Anal. Appl., 23 (1968), 198. Google Scholar
[25]	Y. Song and C. T. H. Baker, Perturbation theory for discrete Volterra equations., J. Difference Equ. Appl., 9 (2003), 969. Google Scholar
[26]	P. van den Driessche, J. Watmough, A simple SIS epidemic model with a backward bifurcation., J. Math. Biol., 40 (2000), 525. Google Scholar
[27]	A. Vecchio, Stability of Direct Quadrature methods for systems of Volterra integral equations., J. of Comput. Meth. in Sci. and Eng., 3 (2003), 71. Google Scholar
[28]	A. Vecchio, On the resolvent kernel of Volterra discrete equations., Funct. Differ. Equ., 6 (1999), 1. Google Scholar

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